"Comparison of in-hospital outcomes for beta-blocker use versus non-beta blocker use in patients presenting with cocaine-associated chest pain". The American Journal of Cardiology. 113 (11): 1802–1806. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.03.010. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Nausea

  National Institute on Drug Abuse, approximately 14,600 deaths occurred in the US in 2017 due to cocaine overdose.[10] Because of the increase in heart rate, cocaine users can be prone to elevated body temperatures, tremors, chest pains, and subject to nausea [en.wikipedia.org]

• Tachycardia

  […] prevent reflex tachycardia by administering beta-blockers some minutes before using the latter class of CCBs). [en.wikipedia.org]

• Kidney Failure

  Cocaine and/or associated hyperthermia may cause muscle cell destruction (rhabdomyolysis) and myoglobinuria resulting in kidney failure. [en.wikipedia.org]

Emergency treatment of cocaine-associated high body temperature consists of giving a benzodiazepine and physical cooling. [en.wikipedia.org]

Pathophysiology[edit] Cocaine pharmacodynamics involve multiple complex mechanisms. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] based on all cocaine-related studies.[31] Non-dihydropyridine calcium channels blockers such as diltiazem and verapamil are preferable, as dihydropyridine agents such as nifedipine have much higher risk of reflex tachycardia (however, clinicians can prevent [en.wikipedia.org]