However, by the end of 5 months, almost 75% of patients have both eye and ear involvement irrespective of initial presentation. [nmji.in]

It’s typical form presents as non-syphilitic interstitial keratitis associated with audiovestibular dysfunction. [medcraveonline.com]

It most frequently presents in young adults in their late 20s or early 30s. Typical Cogan syndrome manifests with interstitial keratitis and audiovestibular symptoms similar to Meniere disease (tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss). [radiopaedia.org]

In a more typical presentation of Cogan’s syndrome, ocular and audiovestibular signs and symptoms usually appear alone and are bilateral. [entokey.com]

At the ophthalmological examination, she presented vision with correction of finger counting in the right eye and 20/ 50 in the left eye. [scielo.br]

• Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy

  He had already taken antitubercular treatment (ATT) for 9 months for mediastinal lymphadenopathy. On examination of the ear, nose and throat, both air conduction and bone conduction were absent. [nmji.in]

• Nausea

  Usually, within a few hours to a few weeks evidence of eighth nerve involvement appears, manifested by tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and bilateral progressive loss of hearing. [jamanetwork.com]

  Otorhinolaryngology, bService of Internal Medicine I, cService of Ophthalmology, dService of Pathology Abstract Typical Cogan's syndrome is a rare disease of young adults consisting of flares of interstitial keratitis and sudden onset of Ménière-like attacks (nausea [pmj.bmj.com]

  Similar to Meniere’s syndrome, the audiovestibular manifestations of Cogan’s syndrome are abrupt onset of vertigo, instability, nausea, vomiting, and tinnitus. [entokey.com]

  vomiting, and gait instability Vestibular neuritis [4] + +/− + /− (unilateral) − + Head thrust test − − History/ Physical exam May be associated with nausea, vomiting, gait instability and previous upper respiratory infection HSV oticus [5][6][7][8] [wikidoc.org]

  The administration of a combined immunosuppressive treatment resolved ocular inflammation, dizziness, nausea, and vertigo but gave little results in controlling progressive hearing loss. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

• Tinnitus

  The audiovestibular symptoms, tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss and acute episodes of vertigo, are usually bilateral. Cogan's syndrome is a disorder of young adults, the average age of onset being 25 years. [pmj.bmj.com]

  Usually, within a few hours to a few weeks evidence of eighth nerve involvement appears, manifested by tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and bilateral progressive loss of hearing. [jamanetwork.com]

  Vestibuloauditory symptoms include sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo. A vague unsteadiness of gait can persist in some patients and evidence of vestibular damage can be found in all patients. [nmji.in]

  She denied any hearing loss, diplopia, fever, cough, rhinorrhea, otorrhea, tinnitus, and vomiting. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

  Shortly following these ocular (eye) symptoms, patients develop bilateral audiovestibular (ear) symptoms, including hearing loss, vertigo (dizziness) and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). [aarda.org]

• Conjunctival Hyperemia

  The left eye showed interstitial corneal infiltrates associated to reactive conjunctival hyperemia and deep corneal vascularization (Figures 1 and 2). [scielo.br]

  Slit-lamp examination revealed conjunctival hyperemia and peripheral corneal opacification, with inflammation and crystalline deposits on the corneal stroma, findings that are consistent with interstitial keratitis. [nejm.org]

  Conjunctival hyperemia, bilateral cataract, and interstitial keratitis were detected with a slit lamp examination. Pure tone audiogram (PTA) and auditory brain stem response (ABR) showed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. [hindawi.com]

  Initial ophthalmic examination revealed at biomicroscopy significant conjunctival hyperemia and punctata keratitis on the right, and funduscopy with no signs of vasculitis (DH: superficial keratitis medicamentosa). [oldfiles.bjorl.org]

• Ciliary Injection

  Examination reveals ciliary injection with mild iritis and discrete fluffy opacities in the deep portion of the corneal stroma. Corneal ulceration does not occur and vascularisation is now unusual. [pubs.sciepub.com]

• Vertigo

  At 18, the patient developed rotatory vertigo, a sense of ear fullness, and sensorineural hearing loss. The patient was diagnosed with Cogan syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The audiovestibular symptoms, tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss and acute episodes of vertigo, are usually bilateral. Cogan's syndrome is a disorder of young adults, the average age of onset being 25 years. [pmj.bmj.com]

  Usually, within a few hours to a few weeks evidence of eighth nerve involvement appears, manifested by tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, and bilateral progressive loss of hearing. [jamanetwork.com]

  "Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo". J Clin Neurol. 6 (2): 51–63. doi:10.3988/jcn.2010.6.2.51. PMC 2895225. PMID 20607044. ↑ Chang MB, Bath AP, Rutka JA (October 2001). [wikidoc.org]

  42-year-old Female with Interstitial Keratitis and Vertigo May 24, 2007, updated Nov 20, 2007 Chief Complaint: Red left eye for the past two months with recent onset of vertigo and otalgia. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

• Dizziness

  Shortly following these ocular (eye) symptoms, patients develop bilateral audiovestibular (ear) symptoms, including hearing loss, vertigo (dizziness) and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). [aarda.org]

  Hain, MD Last update: 10/2002 Cogan's syndrome is defined as nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis (an inflammation of the eye) and bilateral audiovestibular deficits (hearing problems and dizziness). [web.archive.org]

  Cogan syndrome can lead to vision difficulty, hearing loss and dizziness. [en.wikipedia.org]

Neuroimaging and hypercoagulability workup was unremarkable. Vision and intraocular pressure improved, while uveitis remained recalcitrant. Several months later, the patient developed central serous retinopathy in the right eye (vision 20/30). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report a case of a atypical Cogan’s syndrome, the workup of the diagnosis, and treatment results. 2. [pubs.sciepub.com]

At the same time, she was referred to a rheumatologist for additional autoimmune workup. Blood test results were negative for antinuclear antibody, antinuclear cytoplasmic antibody, rheumatoid factor, rapid plasma reagin, and HLA-B27. [entokey.com]

Infectious workup for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Treponema pallidum, Chlamydia, Borrelia burfdorferi, hepatitis B and C viruses, and human immunodeficiency virus was also negative. [reumatologiaclinica.org]

We report a case of a typical Cogan’s syndrome, the workup of the diagnosis, and treatment results. 2. [hindawi.com]

• Chlamydia Trachomatis

  […] psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies in the setting of Cogan syndrome.[10][11] Positive anti-heat shock protein antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), and rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and anticardiolipin [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Its etiology includes infection and autoimmunity, Chlamydia psittaci has been isolated from a patient with Cogan's syndrome and serological evidence of a recent Chlamydia trachomatis infection was reported in 4 of 13 patients [ 6 ]. [pubs.sciepub.com]

• Lymphocytic Infiltrate

  […] artery.11-13 Lymphocyte transformation has reportedly been detected when the patient's lymphocytes are exposed to corneal antigen, scleroprotein, and inner ear antigen, suggesting the presence of cell-mediated autoimmune reactivity.7 9 14 Treatment Therapy [pmj.bmj.com]

“Cogan’s Syndrome: Clinical Presentations and Update on Treatment.” [eyewiki.aao.org]

We report a case of a atypical Cogan’s syndrome, the workup of the diagnosis, and treatment results. 2. [pubs.sciepub.com]

His symptoms improved except the hearing loss, and he is currently under treatment (low-dose corticosteroid and methotrexate). [nmji.in]

The same treatment, however, gave poor results in controlling progressive hearing loss (figure 1 ). [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Without steroid treatment, it can rapidly progress to complete and definitive SNHL. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Immunological tests can help to establish the diagnosis and the prognosis for the recovery of hearing. [pmj.bmj.com]

The prognosis of typical CS is excellent with life-threatening aortic insufficiency (AI) developing in only 10% of reported cases. Serious systemic necrotizing vasculitis (SNV) rarely, if ever, complicates typical CS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Atypical CS tends to be more aggressive and has a worse prognosis [1]. [medcraveonline.com]

Prognosis The prognosis is dominated by the risk of definitive deafness and by cardiovascular complications, notably aortic insufficiency. Severe visceral involvement or death related to cardiac or vascular involvement is unusual. [orpha.net]

Evidence of systemic vasculitis are found in 50% of patients, leading to a worse prognosis from the systemic point of view(33 Gluth MB, Baratz KH, Matteson EL, Driscoll CL. [scielo.br]

* Hearing Loss, Sudden/diagnosis Hearing Loss, Sudden/drug therapy Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* Humans Immunosuppression/methods Injections Syndrome Tomography, X-Ray Computed Tympanic Membrane Young Adult Substance Glucocorticoids Supplementary concept [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] syndrome can also lead to cardiovascular complications such as aortitis, as well as gastrointestinal and neurologic manifestations.[8] Cogan syndrome most commonly affects young adults between 20-30 years old but can be seen at any age, and while the etiology [eyewiki.aao.org]

Etiology Etiology is not known but the mechanism of CS is now considered to be autoimmune and is characterized by the presence of specific anti-Cogan peptide antibodies to inner ear antigens and corneal structures and non-specific auto antibodies (such [orpha.net]

Its etiology includes infection and autoimmunity. Vasculitis is considered the pathological mechanism. We report a case of a atypical Cogan’s syndrome, the workup of the diagnosis, and treatment results. 2. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Introduction Define/describe the condition Anatomy Describe the pertinent anatomy Pathogenesis Describe the biomechanics/biologic basis of the disorder or the mechanism of injury Natural History Describe the natural history, epidemiology and prognosis [orthopaedicsone.com]

Summary Epidemiology CS is a rare disease with several hundred cases reported in the literature since 1945. The disease generally affects Caucasians with no gender specific prevalence. [orpha.net]

Diagnosis: Cogan's Syndrome EPIDEMIOLOGY Predominantly young to middle aged adults Rare SIGNS Interstitial keratitis (limbal stromal opacity or edema, non-inflammed vascular loops in the mid-stroma) Other inflammation of the eye ( episcleritis, scleritis [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

ABBREVIATIONS VZV= Varicella zoster virus, MRI= Magnetic resonance imaging, ESR= Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, EEG= Electroencephalogram, CSF= Cerebrospinal fluid, GPe= Globus pallidus externa, ICHD= International Classification of Headache Disorders Epidemiology [wikidoc.org]

Finally, vigilance and awareness may also offer a better setting to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of this rare but debilitating phenomenon. [zora.uzh.ch]

On the other hand, the application of a study protocol including MRI and a series of immunological tests might facilitate the establishment of the prognosis for the auditory injury, opening new lines of research focusing on the pathophysiological mechanisms [pmj.bmj.com]

In 1963, the atypical form of Cogan syndrome was first described (Bennett, 1963) Classification Pathophysiology Causes Differentiating Cogan Syndrome from other Diseases Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Additional [wikidoc.org]

[…] patients with CS have showed lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration, indicating that Cogan syndrome is indeed an autoimmune disorder.[8][12] Diagnosis: There are two forms of Cogan syndrome that can be diagnosed based on the onset of symptoms and ocular pathophysiology [eyewiki.aao.org]

The etiology and pathophysiology of this entity remain unknown; however, there is association with infection of upper airways preceding the condition(77 Kowal VO, Laibson PR. Keratitis due to Cogan's syndrome. [scielo.br]

It also showed that immunomodulatory treatment for IBD (even antitumour necrosis factor [TNF] therapy) does not prevent onset of CS. [nmji.in]

Early diagnosis is essential to commence the appropriate immunosuppressive therapy that may prevent permanent hearing loss and ocular dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prompt steroid therapy for Cogan's syndrome based on a diagnosis made using PET/CT prevented progression of the hypoacusis. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Although CSy is considered to be an autoimmune disease and is associated with IBD, immunomodulatory IBD maintenance treatment and even anti-TNF therapy do not seem to prevent disease onset. [zora.uzh.ch]