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2.1
Cognitive Impairment - Cerebellar Ataxia
CIAT

Presentation

=71, ALLELE2=23) Signs suggestive of PD diagnosis Asymmetric onset present absent Bradykinesis present absent Activation tremor present absent Resting Tremor present absent Postural Instability present absent Rigidity present absent Gait difficulties [catalog.coriell.org]

Patients typically present with a wide-based gait, truncal instability, and dysarthria. [healio.com]

Occasionally patients will present with late-onset forms of this disease. [neuroweb.us]

Autonomic dysfunction, vasomotor symptoms, and REM sleep disorder may also be present. [amjmed.org]

These patients present with gait ataxia usually with headache and papilledema. Progressive hydrocephalus can also present with subacute-onset ataxia. [jpgmonline.com]

Respiratoric

  • Stridor

    Other signs may include respiratory irregularities ( inspiratory stridor ), severe antecollis (“sunflower” appearance or also called camptocormia) and sometimes mild eye movement and REM sleep abnormalities. Dementia occurs rarely. [neuroweb.us]

Treatment

Medical Complications of Drug Use 840 Acute and Chronic Pain 863 Substance Use Disorders in Individuals with CoOccurring Psychiatric Disorders 904 Epidemiology and Emerging Public Health Perspectives 913 HIVRelated Medical Complications and Treatment [books.google.com]

Seventeen states have approved medical marijuana for the treatment of spasms, which are commonly associated with spinocerebellar ataxia. [medicalmarijuanainc.com]

The symptoms are similar to those of other conditions, making it difficult to diagnose and get ahead on the preventative treatment. [mmjrecs.com]

[ edit ] The current treatments for CCAS focus on relieving the symptoms. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis

[…] premutation carriers with FXTAS axial and radial diffusivity values in the middle cerebellar peduncle and cerebral peduncle have been shown to be increased in asymptomatic premutation carriers, without alteration in fractional anisotropy 5 Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis Spinocerebellar ataxias due to repeat expansion mutations usually become sick in middle age. In addition to ataxia, other neurological findings are often present depending on the variant of SCA. [verywell.com]

Management and prognosis This depends upon the underlying cause. [patient.info]

The prognosis is usually bad with survival rates less than a few years after onset. [neuroweb.us]

Etiology

Code First Code First Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

The remainder of the review discusses etiological considerations that vary depending on the age group under consideration. [healio.com]

Initially, we found no family history, no exposure history, and nothing else suggestive of an alternative etiology. [amjmed.org]

Brain abscesses: etiologic categorization with in vivo proton MR spectroscopy. Radiology 2004 ; 230 : 519 –27 ↵ Kato Z, Kozawa R, Teramoto T, et al. Acute cerebellitis in primary human herpesvirus-6 infection. [ajnr.org]

Epidemiology

Medical Complications of Drug Use 840 Acute and Chronic Pain 863 Substance Use Disorders in Individuals with CoOccurring Psychiatric Disorders 904 Epidemiology and Emerging Public Health Perspectives 913 HIVRelated Medical Complications and Treatment [books.google.com]

Gluten ataxia in perspective: epidemiology, genetic susceptibility and clinical characteristics. Brain. 2003;126:685-91. Hou J-G, Jankovic J. Movement disorders in Friedreich's ataxia. J Neurol Sci. 2003;206:59-64. Jankovic J, Tolosa E, eds. [bcm.edu]

Molecular epidemiology and clinical spectrum of hereditary spastic paraplegia in the Japanese population based on comprehensive mutational analyses. J Hum Genet 2014; 59 : 163–172. [nature.com]

Epidemiological Study of Dystonia in Europe (ESDE) (2000). «A prevalence study of primary dystonia in eight European countries». Journal of Neurology (vol. 10, núm. 247, págs. 787-792). [cv.uoc.edu]

A population-based epidemiological study in Japan showed no reports of SCA10 cases [ 12 ]. [journals.plos.org]

Pathophysiology

The neuropathology, pathophysiology and genetics of multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2012;38:4-24. PubMed Koeppen AH, Mazurkievicz JE. Friedreich Ataxia: Neuropathology Revised. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2013;72(2):78-90. [neuropathology-web.org]

Instead they may be both long lasting and potentially damaging. 12 Stress, sleep disruption, exercise and inflammation have all been linked with regulating hippocampal neurogenesis and implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. 13 But can gluten [thepaleodiet.com]

«The pathophysiology of primary dystonia». Brain (núm. 121, págs. 1195-1212). Bihari, K.; Hill, J. L.; Murphy, D. L. (1992). «Obsessive-compulsive characteristics in patients with idiopathic spasmodic torticollis». [cv.uoc.edu]

Most cases follow severe injuries; 20 however, a few children have been noted to have cerebellar concussion following relatively minor head trauma. 21 The pathophysiology is believed to be damage to the connections between the cerebellum and the cortex [healio.com]

In precedent works [ 27 - 29, 31, 32 ], we demonstrated the involvement of the thalamus in the pathophysiological mechanisms of RR-MS as evidenced in other works [ 33 - 35 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Prevention

[…] and Treatment of Addiction Among African Americans 1250 The Public Health Approach to the Prevention of Substance Abuse 1255 Medical Education in Substance Abuse The Acquisition of Knowledge Attitudes and Skills 1269 Education and Training of Clinical [books.google.com]

Health promotion and disease prevention in clinical practice Coviello, Jessica Shank. Third edition. Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer, [2020] NLM ID: 101738883 [Book] Select item 101739755 3. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other clues to abnormal extrapyramidal function include abnormal movements at rest and slowed eye movements (some conditions prevent voluntary vertical eye movements). [dartmouth.edu]

The symptoms are similar to those of other conditions, making it difficult to diagnose and get ahead on the preventative treatment. [mmjrecs.com]

A major cannabinoid found in cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), has been shown to help in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease by preventing free radical damage and encouraging the formation of new mitochondria (Zeissler, et al., 2013). [medicalmarijuanainc.com]

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