Watch clips of key surgical procedures, including reconstructive surgery of the nose and lip. [books.google.com]

Abstract Many surgical procedures for macrostomia had been advocated in past literatures, but it is hard to obtain the ideal commissure form. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Orthognathic Surgical Procedures Surgery performed to repair or correct the skeletal anomalies of the jaw and its associated dental and facial structures (e.g. CLEFT PALATE). Osteotomy, Le Fort Transverse sectioning and repositioning of the maxilla. [bioportfolio.com]

Procedures, Operative E05 - Investigative Techniques E07 - Equipment and Supplies F - Psychiatry and Psychology F01 - Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms F02 - Psychological Phenomena and Processes F03 - Mental Disorders F04 - Behavioral Disciplines and [decs.bvs.br]

Prosthetically rehabilitate the eyes Surgical procedure Using standard surgical protocols, GA was induced and maintained. [ijdr.in]

Transverse facial clefts are rare deformities, these mostly occur as part of syndromes such as facial dysostosis and branchial arch syndrome. [scienceopen.com]

Fronto-facio- nasal dysostosis - A new autosomal syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 1981; 10 :409–12. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 13. White EW, Figueroa R, Flannery DB. Brief clinical report-frontofacionasal dysplasia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Various terms have been used to describe this cleft, including the following: hemifacial microsomia, microtia, otomandibular dysostosis, unilateral facial agenesis, facial side cleft, and syndrome of the first and second branchial arches. [rbcp.org.br]

Le Fort III is often used also to correct craniofacial dysostosis and related facial abnormalities. [bioportfolio.com]

Ali Tahir May be associated with ‘Mandibulo facial dysostosis’ Extends from commissures towards the ear May be unilateral or bilateral Failure of fusion of lateral nasal process with maxillary process  oblique facial cleft 17. Dr. Ali Tahir [slideshare.net]

Variations include: (1) clefts number 2 and 3 fall within the same zone (cleft number 3 being more posterior) and (2) clefts number 4 and 5 represent varying degrees of involvement in the same zone of the maxilla. [plasticsurgerykey.com]

(2) recurrence risk increases with the number of affected children in the family; (3) recurrence risk increases with the severity of the defect; (4) consanguinity slightly increases the risk for affected children; (5) the risk of affected relatives falls [thehealthscience.com]

The complex clefts falling under the category of “Rare Craniofacial Clefts” are also classified by many authors differently. [5], [6] In 1976, Tessier [6] presented a unique classification of craniofacial clefts which is generally the most accepted one [ijdr.in]

delay and congenital heart defects. [uniprot.org]

delay Growth retardation Nocturnal apnea 46,XY 8 F 2 y 2m Midline CL Bifid nasal tip Ptosis Sphenoethmoidal encephalocele ACC Normal development 46,XX,9ph 9 F 7 m Midline CL Right globe Ethmoidal encephlalocele ACC Normal development Growth retardation [medsci.org]

Neither surgical wound infection nor other complications occurred in the postoperative period. After 5 years of follow-up, the patients maintained satisfactory results. Figure 5. Five years after bilateral macrostomia correction. Figure 6. [rbcp.org.br]

BACKGROUND: Cleft of the oral commissure is an uncommon malformation that results from incomplete mesenchymal merging of the mandibular and maxillary prominences of the first pharyngeal arch. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cleft of the oral commissure is an uncommon malformation that results from incomplete mesenchymal merging of the mandibular and maxillary prominences of the first pharyngeal arch. [scienceopen.com]

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation References The Velopharyngeal Mechanism Robert J. [docplayer.net]

For example, the Hox gene which codes for the rhombomeres 2 and 3 (which make up the first pharyngeal arch-PA1) is shared with the mesoderm that makes up those arches. [plasticsurgerykey.com]

New surgical technique for macrostomia repair with two triangular flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;105:688-94. DOI PubMed 8. Schwarz R, Sharma D. Straight line closure of congenital macrostomia. Indian J Plast Surg 2004;37:121-3. 9. [parjournal.net]

Five years after bilateral macrostomia correction. Figure 6. Two-years after correction of bilateral macrostomia. [rbcp.org.br]

Here we report a case of bilateral macrostomia (bilateral lip cleft) in a 5-year-old girl as a sole entity without other skeletal and facial deformities. [casereports.bmj.com]

Both horizontal and vertical symmetry should be considered for macrostomia repair. Copyright 2012 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ahmad Khaleghnejad-Tabari, MD, Katayoun Salem, MSc, DDS 2, *, Masoud Fallahinejad Ghajar, MSc, DDS 3 Publication date (Print): September 2012 Journal: Iranian Journal of Pediatrics Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences Keywords: Cleft Lip, Macrostomia [scienceopen.com]

Craniofacial Microstomia. In: McCarthy JG (Ed.). Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1990. p.3054-100. 2. Melega JM, Viterbo F, Mendes FH, eds. Cirurgia Plástica - Os Princípios e a Atualidade. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2011. 3. [rbcp.org.br]

Inadequate neural crest cells result in macrostomia while excessive tissue produces microstomia or macrostomia. The mandibular prominence lies between the stomodeum and the first branchial groove, which delineates the caudal limits of the face. [plasticsurgerykey.com]

[…] crucial, current information on each of the major disciplines covered in Part II of the NBDE, including Endodontics, Operative Dentistry, Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery & Pain Control, Oral Diagnosis, Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, Patient Management, Periodontics [books.google.com]

Early secondary bone grafting improves the periodontal health of the erupting permanent dentition. [cda-adc.ca]

[…] nasal tip Right palpebral ptosis, microphthalmia, convergernt strabismus, and cataract Sphenoethmoidal encephalocele ACC Normal development 46,XX 4 F 15 y Midline CLP Bilateral palpebral ptosis Sphenoethmoidal encephalocele ACC Normal development 46, [medsci.org]

[…] dominant syndrome characterized by an abnormally increased distance between ocular orbits, and facial features that can resemble craniofrontonasal dysplasia such as prominent forehead, widow's peak, heavy and broad eyebrows, long palpebral fissures, ptosis [uniprot.org]

An abnormal breathing pattern, retinal dystrophy, oculomotor apraxia, upgaze palsy, and ptosis are frequently associated but not consistent. [kundoc.com]

Nasoschisis is also characterized by hypertelorism. [en.wikipedia.org]

On examination she was found to have widow's peak, anterior cranium bifidum occultum; true ocular hypertelorism; broadening of the nasal root; median cleft nose; and a median facial cleft affecting the upper lip and palate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Disease description A form of Opitz GBBB syndrome, a congenital midline malformation syndrome characterized by hypertelorism, genital-urinary defects such as hypospadias in males and splayed labia in females, cleft lip/palate, laryngotracheoesophageal [uniprot.org]

[…] is usually normal.58,59 Thus, frontonasal dysplasia is strikingly different from holoprosencephaly and presents in its extreme with a median cleft lip and palate, bifid nose, orbital hypertelorism, in- feriorly displaced V-shaped frontal hairline, and [passeidireto.com]

Hypertelorism: Interorbital growth, measurements, and pathogenetic considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995 ; 24 :387 -95 5. Guion-Almeida ML, Richieri-Costa A. [medsci.org]

Clinical findings are congenital contractures, microcephaly, gross delay milestones, peripheral motor system involvement, and early death. There is concomitant spinal muscular atrophy. [kundoc.com]