Congenital Hand Deformities Congenital hand deformities are deformities of the hand or any part of hand that are present at birth. These deformities can be particularly disabling as the hands are important for the child for its interaction. [michaelbellemore.com]

Case Report: We present a rare case of 4 year old female child who presented to our department with the absence of distal humerus, elbow joint, forearm and hand since birth. [casereports.in]

Limb deformity or leg length discrepancy can be present from birth (congenital) or acquired (a result of an injury, infection or tumor). [cincinnatichildrens.org]

Congenital deformities of the lower limbs are the developmental disorders which are present at birth and cause alteration in the shape and appearance of the legs. The exact cause for this is not known. [limblengthening.com.au]

Present On Admission POA Help "Present On Admission" is defined as present at the time the order for inpatient admission occurs — conditions that develop during an outpatient encounter, including emergency department, observation, or outpatient surgery [icd10data.com]

• Neglect

  Mirror hand: an uncommon neglected case managed with pollicisation. World J Plast Surg. 2017;6(2):263-5. [ Links ] 56. Dell P C. Macrodactyly. Hand Clin. 1985;1(3):511-24. [ Links ] 57. Barsky A J. Macrodactyly. [scielo.org.co]

Long-term review of the surgical treatment of radial deficiencies. J Hand Surg Am. 1987;12(2):169-79. [ Links ] 26. Colen D L, Lin IC, Levin LS, Chang B. [scielo.org.co]

We will also inform you of all treatment options available and why we recommend one treatment over another. [texaschildrens.org]

Treatment Your doctor may suggest the following treatments based on your child’s age, health conditions, cause of the condition, and tolerance to specific medications, procedures, or therapies. [michaelbellemore.com]

Treatment goals can vary for each child. [stanfordchildrens.org]

Prognosis A congenital limb deficiency has a profound effect on the life of the child and his or her parents. [healthofchildren.com]

Prognosis A congenital limb deficiency has a profound effect on the life of the child and parents. However, occupational therapy can help the child learn to accomplish many tasks. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

There is a variable phenotypic expression and, consequently, the prognosis varies from neonatal death, due to pulmonary hypoplasia, to normal survival. [sonoworld.com]

With transverse or longitudinal deficiency, depending on the etiology, infants may also have hypoplastic or bifid bones, synostoses, duplications, dislocations, or other bony defects; for example, in proximal femoral focal deficiency, the proximal femur [merckmanuals.com]

Etiology Medications known to affect limb development include thalidomide, retinoic acid, and misoprostol. [now.aapmr.org]

Congenital hand anomalies: etiology, classification, and treatment. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25(1):284-94. [ Links ] 13. Dy CJ, Swarup I, Daluiski A. Embryology, diagnosis, and evaluation of congenital hand anomalies. [scielo.org.co]

Congenital upper extremity differences: Understanding the etiology and treatment. A Pediatric Perspective 2001;10:1-4. F rantz CH, O’Rahilly R. Congenital skeletal limb deficiencies. J Bone Joint Surg Am.1961;43:1202-1224. S wanson AB. [casereports.in]

References The Journal of Trauma, “Pediatric amputation injuries: etiology, cost and outcome,” by Trautwein LC, Smith DG, Rivara FP. 1996; 41:831-838. [amputee-coalition.org]

Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of CLD in a population-based study in the northern Netherlands for the period 1981–2010. [bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com]

Epidemiology. 1997;8: 157-61. Rosano A, Botto LD, Olney RS, Khoury MJ, Ritvanen A, Goujard J, et al. [cdc.gov]

Phocomelia: a worldwide descriptive epidemiologic study in a large series of cases from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and overview of the literature. [scielo.org.co]

Limb amputation and limb deficiency: epidemiology and recent trends in the US. South Med J. 2002;95:875-883. Canfield MA, Honein MA, Yuskiv N, et al. [now.aapmr.org]

Limb reduction defects in Emilia Romagna, Italy: epidemiological and genetic study in 173,109 consecutive births. J. Med. Genet., 27, 353-357. Donnai, D., Hughes, H. E., Winter, R. M. (1987). Postaxial acrofacial dysostosis (Miller) syndrome. J. [oandplibrary.org]

There is no known way to prevent this type of defect, but some of the problems experienced later in life by a person born with a limb reduction defect can be prevented if the defect is treated early. [cdc.gov]

Prevention There is no known way to prevent congenital amputations, but the prevention of birth defects in general begins with the well being of the mother before and during pregnancy. [healthofchildren.com]

Prevention Studies have suggested that a multivitamin including folic acid may reduce birth defects, including congenital abnormalities. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Paternal occupation and birth defects: findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Occup Environ Med. 2012;69:534-542. Herring JA, Birch JG, eds. The Child With a Limb Deficiency. 1st ed. [now.aapmr.org]

Early correction of the deformities allows for normal development and function of hand and prevents the development of permanent deformities. [michaelbellemore.com]