Miosis, ptosis, and ipsilateral facial anhidrosis are normally present in Horner’s syndrome. Pathologies which show central, preganglionic and postganglionic residence in sympathetic chain are present in its etiology. [ingentaconnect.com]

We present 3 cases of unilateral straight hair in association with congenital Horner syndrome in which the patients had straight hair ipsilateral to the Horner syndrome, whereas on the contralateral side, it was curly, and we discuss possible mechanisms [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The signs and symptoms of neurological disease are elusive by their very nature, presenting a confounding diagnostic challenge. [books.google.com]

Iris heterochromia may also be present (Takanashi et al., 2003). (143000) MalaCards based summary : Horner Syndrome, Congenital, also known as congenital claude-bernard-horner syndrome, is related to heterochromia iridis and neuroblastoma. [malacards.org]

Case 2 A 3-week-old boy was referred for evaluation of ptosis of the left eye that had been present since birth following a prolonged labor. Medical history including growth and development was normal. [journals.lww.com]

The tumor should be assessed by CT or MRI, and a metastatic workup including bone scan should be done as well. If possible, the tumor should be biopsied and assessed for cytogenic and molecular markers. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

All patients received a full workup, including complete ophthalmic examination, neurologic imaging tests including contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging, carotid doppler ultrasound and neck and thoracic computed tomography angiogram, and [journals.plos.org]

Given that malignancy is a prominent feature of recently diagnosed preganglionic Horner syndrome, patients may avoid an unnecessary extensive workup for carcinoma if the lesion can be shown to be old or long-standing. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Coverage includes major updates on genetics of diseases, new diagnostic techniques, and the newest treatment options. [books.google.com]

Treatment Treatment depends on the cause of the problem. There is no treatment for Horner syndrome itself. Outlook (Prognosis) The outcome depends on whether treatment of the cause is successful. [nicklauschildrens.org]

Make the best clinical decisions with an enhanced emphasis on evidence-based practice and expert opinions on treatment strategies. Zero in on the most relevant and useful references with the aid of a more focused, concise bibliography. [books.google.de]

The prognosis will greatly depend upon the severity of the disorder as well as how quickly it’s detected and treated. [birthinjuryguide.org]

Stage 4S—Special category reserved for infants under 1 year of age which carries a much better prognosis. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

Horner’s Syndrome Recovery The prognosis of this disease depends on the success of treatment of the causative condition. If Idiopathic Horner’s Syndrome is detected, it can only be cured with time. [hxbenefit.com]

The prognosis is usually good in cases without a total involvement of sympathetic innervation. Cases of complete section may cause ophthalmological problems which should be evaluated by a specialist. [elsevier.es]

Outlook (Prognosis) The outcome depends on whether treatment of the cause is successful. Possible Complications There are no direct complications of Horner syndrome itself. [nicklauschildrens.org]

Brachial plexus injury due to birth trauma plays a major role in the etiology of congenital Horner’s syndrome. There was not any birth trauma history in our patient. The patient was diagnosed to have neuroblastoma as a result of etiologic tests. [ingentaconnect.com]

DISCUSSION The etiology of congenital Horner syndrome in our patients varied. In the first patient, the etiology could not be determined. [journals.lww.com]

Etiology The etiology of Horner’s syndrome varies with the patient age and site of lesion. The etiology remains unknown in 35-40% of cases. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Birth trauma is suggested as a possible etiology. 401 M and S Tower San Antonio, Texas 78205 References 1. Cogan, D.G.: Neurology of the Ocular Muscles, ed 2, Springfield, 111.: Charles C Thomas, 1956, pp 177-179. 2. [healio.com]

Muller J Med Sci Res 2014;5:174-6 Introduction Horner's syndrome is a clinical diagnosis with varied etiology. The signs are mild ptosis, enophthalmos, miosis, anhydrosis, and loss of ciliospinal reflex. [mjmsr.net]

ICD-9 337.9 Epidemiology In a population based study of Horner’s syndrome in the pediatric age group, the incidence of Horner’s syndrome was estimated to be 1.42 per 100 000 patients younger than 19 years, with a birth prevalence of 1 in 6250 for those [eyewiki.aao.org]

Pathophysiology Horner syndrome is due to a deficiency of sympathetic activity. The site of lesion to the sympathetic outflow is on the ipsilateral side of the symptoms. [drduerksen.com]

Rapidly find the answers you need with separate sections on diseases and disorders, differential diagnosis, clinical algorithms, laboratory results, and clinical preventive services, plus an at-a-glance format that uses cross-references, outlines, bullets [books.google.com]

Wang, MD, 30 East 40th Street, New York, NY 10016; E-mail: [email protected] Supported in part by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York. The authors report no conflicts of interest. [journals.lww.com]

Primary prevention Prevention strategies depend on the etiology of Horner’s syndrome. These may include prevention of trauma (especially head trauma), control of cardiovascular risk factors and smoking cessation. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Further, early detection and treatment of eye manifestations may also lead to prevention of amblyopia. References 1 Bosch MM, Mironov A, Killer HE. Atypical presentation of neurofibromatosis type 2 in a boy. [nature.com]