OBJECTIVE: To present the prevalence, clinical, and imaging findings of interruption or congenital stenotic lesions of the inferior vena cava (IVC), associated malformations, and their clinical relevance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These IVC anomalies may present with serious pathology that don’t correlate with the history of presenting complaint, across the age spectrum. [eposters.net]

Hepatomegaly may be present. [evtoday.com]

In the first case, typical double IVC was present (Fig. 9 ). [link.springer.com]

"Congenital abnormalities of the inferior vena cava presenting clinically in adolescent males". Thrombosis Research. 135 (4): 648–651. doi : 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.032. PMID 25684212. a b c "Congenital Heart Defects". Medline Plus. U.S. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Leg Swelling

  Four patients with interruption and four patients with congenital stenosis of the IVC were symptomatic with DVT (n 4), leg swelling (n 4), leg pain (n 2), lower extremity varices (n 2), hepatic vein thrombosis (n 1), and hematochezia (n 1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] the child’s life and have a delayed diagnosis. [3] Congenital stenosis of the inferior vena cava is asymptomatic in many patients. [4] Adolescent males with the condition have shown to presents with symptoms such as spontaneous lower extremity DVT, leg [en.wikipedia.org]

  However, venous reflux was noted to increase. 5 It has also been shown that leg swelling and venous pain improve following stenting. [vasculardiseasemanagement.com]

  swelling; or Venous obstruction of the superior or inferior limb of an atrial baffle after Mustard or Senning repair of transposition of the great arteries. [aetna.com]

• Lower Extremity Pain

  Aspects of a patient’s history that should prompt further evaluation for a proximal obstructing lesion include history of DVT, presence of severe symptoms not explained by superficial reflux alone, venous claudication, or unexplained lower extremity pain [vasculardiseasemanagement.com]

• Hematochezia

  Four patients with interruption and four patients with congenital stenosis of the IVC were symptomatic with DVT (n 4), leg swelling (n 4), leg pain (n 2), lower extremity varices (n 2), hepatic vein thrombosis (n 1), and hematochezia (n 1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] inferior vena cava is asymptomatic in many patients. [4] Adolescent males with the condition have shown to presents with symptoms such as spontaneous lower extremity DVT, leg swelling, leg pain, varices in the lower extremities, hepatic thrombosis and hematochezia [en.wikipedia.org]

• Leg Pain

  Four patients with interruption and four patients with congenital stenosis of the IVC were symptomatic with DVT (n 4), leg swelling (n 4), leg pain (n 2), lower extremity varices (n 2), hepatic vein thrombosis (n 1), and hematochezia (n 1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Occasionally this may result in higher rates of blood clots in the legs, varicose veins, leg pain or ulceration (a slow healing sore on the skin, 2-15%). These risks continue to exist while the filter is in place. [insideradiology.com.au]

  […] life and have a delayed diagnosis. [3] Congenital stenosis of the inferior vena cava is asymptomatic in many patients. [4] Adolescent males with the condition have shown to presents with symptoms such as spontaneous lower extremity DVT, leg swelling, leg [en.wikipedia.org]

• Withdrawn

  The bovine graft was then withdrawn through the subcutaneous tunnel in two movements. It was allowed to lie in a gentle loop configuration. [zhealthpublishing.com]

  The sheath is then withdrawn from the stent-balloon assembly, and the balloon is inflated to its recommended pressure. The balloon inflation expands the stent and anchors it in place. [hitachimed.com]

• Oliguria

  Acute IVC stenosis presents as a rapid, refractory hemodynamic deterioration associated with signs of hepatic and renal dysfunction (coagulopathy, oliguria) as seen in our case. 3 In an emergent situation, several echocardiograhic views may provide diagnostic [journals.lww.com]

Hematologic workup also discovered a factor V Leiden mutation, further predisposing the patient to DVT. [dovepress.com]

Workup revealed liver cirrhosis. Imaging revealed prolapse of both transvenous leads into the inferior vena cava (IVC), resulting in complete obstruction at the level of the hepatic veins and large azygous collateralization. [innovationsincrm.com]

All patients with chronic iliocaval obstruction due to thrombus should undergo medical workup for hypercoagulability including antithrombin 3, protein C and S deficiencies, anticardiolipin antibody, lupus anticoagulant, prothrombin, MTHFR, and factor [vasculardiseasemanagement.com]

Search: name, specialism, conditions, treatments, tests or services Search: name, specialism, conditions, treatments, tests or services Search: name, specialism, conditions, treatments, tests or services Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust [rbht.nhs.uk]

The fulminant or chronic forms with irreversible hepatic damage require definitive treatment, such as orthotopic liver transplantation. [aetna.com]

Jugular vein access may be used for treatment of IVC lesions, but evaluation and treatment of distal disease is also more difficult from this approach. [vasculardiseasemanagement.com]

Many children with congenital heart defects don't need treatment, but others do. Treatment can include medicines, catheter procedures, surgery, and heart transplants. [icdlist.com]

TREATMENT OF IVC OCCLUSIONS Although the specifics of treatment vary from patient to patient, there are some general principles governing the treatment approach. [evtoday.com]

Overall, mortality is high in the early phase of the disease but once the acute episode is terminated, prognosis is good. [karger.com]

Whether this would have altered the initial management or prognosis is open to debate. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

These also constitute the indications for liver transplantation as they predict poor prognosis. In HVCS these symptoms occur before the development of cirrhosis or during early liver cirrhosis. [tropicalgastro.com]

The worse the patient’s liver function is, the worse their prognosis will be. This dangerous condition can be controlled if patients are compliant with dietary restrictions, and they abstain from alcohol and drugs. [hitachimed.com]

Patrick_Collier,_MD,_PhD: An echo is often performed in patients with arrhythmia to carefully assess for the presence of structural heart disease which can impact the prognosis and treatment of such symptoms. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Manifestation code identifies conditions for which it is important to record both the etiology and the symptom of the disease. [books.google.com]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

[…] cava or renal veins or both, was first recognized and reported by Derow in 1939. 1 Pollak subsequently reported 13 cases with renal vein thrombosis. 2 Membranous obliteration of the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava has been implicated in the etiology [jamanetwork.com]

Caval occlusion of malignant etiology is an insidious pathologic entity, resulting in substantial morbidity and limiting quality of life in severely ill and/or terminal patients. [evtoday.com]

In patients with iliac or IVC thrombosis, thrombolytics can be of help in delineating the underlying etiology of the occlusion (see Table 30–3 ), which then may be treated. [radiologykey.com]

The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism. Circulation. 2003 Jun 17. 107(23 Suppl 1):I4-8. [Medline]. Ruggeri M, Tosetto A, Castaman G, Rodeghiero F. [emedicine.medscape.com]

View Article PubMed Google Scholar White RH: The epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism. Circulation. 2003, 107: I-4-I-8. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000078468.11849.66. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

Given the similarities some authorities group HVCS with BCS. [50 ] The etiology, epidemiology, natural history and management of the two syndromes are however different. [tropicalgastro.com]

Therefore, we subsequently sought for potential mechanisms by which iron may be linked to the pathophysiology of AS. [academic.oup.com]

However, more research must be conducted to determine the exact pathophysiological mechanism of action. In those patients found to have an IVC anomaly, clinicians must also evaluate patients for renal hypoplasia or horseshoe kidney. [dovepress.com]

Approach Considerations Once the diagnosis has been confirmed, the clinician must choose an appropriate treatment regimen for inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis (IVCT) on the basis of the underlying pathophysiology. [emedicine.medscape.com]

On presentation, patients should be evaluated on the Clinical, Etiologic, Anatomical, and Pathophysiological (CEAP) classification system 15,16 to grade the severity of CVD. [vasculardiseasemanagement.com]

Pathophysiology and diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2001;31(2):90-101. Koelemay MJ, Lijmer JG, Stoker J, et al. Magnetic resonance angiography for the evaluation of lower extremity arterial disease: A meta-analysis. [aetna.com]

Endocarditis Prevention Antibiotics to prevent endocarditis are needed before certain dental procedures. See the section on Endocarditis for more information. [heart.org]

Blood thinning medication is used to prevent blood clot formation in people at risk of developing blood clots. How do I prepare for an inferior vena cava filter? IVCF is a medical procedure performed in a hospital or private radiology practice. [insideradiology.com.au]

Treatment includes anticoagulation to prevent recurrence or extension of thrombosis, nonspecific measures to control ascites and gastrointestinal bleeding, and procedures aiming to restore hepatic blood outflow. [karger.com]

[…] of the aorta. the patient will have normal blood pressure to the head and arms but very low pressure to the legs. rib notching is a radiographic indication condition existing when the heart is unable to propel blood at a sufficient rate and volume to prevent [quizlet.com]

Please refer to the MR Patient Warming Prevention Plan published by Hitachi Medical Systems America, Inc. for more information concerning the prevention of patient warming. [hitachimed.com]