[…] if the condition was present at the time of inpatient admission. [icd.codes]

Three patients with congenital subglottic stenosis are presented and whole organ serial-section studies of their larynges are discussed. A superiorly displaced first tracheal ring is observed to form a cartilaginous subglottic stenosis in one. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The succesful management of this unusual case of severe extrinsic compression with concurrent internal airway obstruction is presented. Key words: Sublottic stenosis; Cystic hygroma; Respiratory distress. [scopemed.org]

However, infants with congenital subglottic stenosis may have surprisingly few symptoms—even grade III subglottis stenosis may not present for weeks or months. [aibolita.com]

• Anemia

  Stay current on the developments and research surrounding neonatal anemia from the entirely new chapter on Blood and Hematopoietic System highlights. [books.google.com]

  Systemic factors may increase the risk of injury and include the following: Gastric acid reflux Chronic illness Immunocompromised patient Anemia Neutropenia Toxicity Poor perfusion Radiation therapy Other causes include the following: External trauma, [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Systemic factors may increase the risk of injury and include the following: • Gastric acid reflux***** • Chronic illness • Immunocompromised patient • Anemia • Neutropenia • Toxicity • Poor perfusion • Radiation therapy Other causes include the following [healthunlocked.com]

  Additional factors that affect wound healing include systemic illness, malnutrition, anemia, and hypoxia. Local bacterial infection may play an important roll in the development of SGS. [tracheostomy.com]

• Heart Disease

  In some cases, tracheostomy is not a good option as in presence of congenital heart disease necessitating urgent further surgical interventions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Key words: Wegener granulomatosis, subglottic stenosis, tracheal stent Children younger than 3 years and those with comorbid medical conditions including Down syndrome, heart disease, subglottic stenosis, prematurity, and neurological disorders were excluded [freethesaurus.com]

  She was then referred to National Heart Institute in which the congenital heart disease was corrected on January 2003. Post operatively; she was ventilated in Intensive Care Unit for 12 days. [ispub.com]

  Subglottic stenosis after surgery for congenital heart disease: a spectrum of severity. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005 Jun. 19(3):367-9. [Medline]. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Epistaxis

  […] of the Thyroid Gland 279 UltrasonographyComputed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging 280 Syndromes Associated with Thyroid Abnormalities 281 Neoplasms of the Thyroid Gland 282 MTC and the Management of the Thyroid in MEN2 283 Nasal Foreign Bodies Epistaxis [books.google.com]

• Suggestibility

  An "hourglass" deformity of the subglottic laryngeal airway on an anteroposterior airway radiograph is suggestive of this diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The diagnosis is suggested airway radiographs and confirmed by direct laryngoscopy. Causes and prevention Subglottic stenosis is considered to be congenital when there is no other apparent cause. [privatehealth.co.uk]

  These procedures require hospitalization and carry greater risk than the less invasive options, but reports suggest excellent long-term results. [rarediseases.org]

Flexible examination of the dynamic larynx is essential in the workup of a child with possible upper airway pathology. However, it is insufficient to assess the nature and extent of a subglottic stenosis. [childrensenthouston.com]

[…] for all cases of SGS have been prescribed as an essential step in the management of those children. [9] Despite the lack of definitive evidence for a cause and effect relationship between GER and SGS, Cotton and O'Connor [10] stated that, a "reflux workup [saudija.org]

WORKUP Lab Studies: Specific laboratory studies are not required. Imaging Studies: The criterion standard for evaluation of the airway is direct laryngoscopy and direct bronchoscopy. [tracheostomy.com]

Rhinosinusitis in Children 307 Morphogenesis Epidemiology and Pathophysiology 308 Classification and Definitions 310 Chronic Rhinosinusitis 311 Diagnosis 312 Respiratory Allergy 313 Therapeutic Management 314 Additional Medical Therapy 316 Surgical Treatment [books.google.com]

Treatments, when needed, depend on the problem. [icdlist.com]

Endoscopic excision, dilatation and stenting were techniques utilized in the treatment of these stenotic lesions. The extubation technique utilized is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Disease homogeneity and treatment heterogeneity in idiopathic subglottic stenosis. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

Most patients with congenital esophageal atresia (EA) have congenital tracheobronchial abnormalities, which may cause respiratory distress, be difficult to treat and have a poor prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Croup is usually self-limiting and has a good overall long-term prognosis. [radiopaedia.org]

Laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia, bronchomalacia, subglottic stenosis, and restrictive lung disease may worsen the anesthesia management and prognosis. There were also cases of subglottic stenosis, head injury, and others. [freethesaurus.com]

[…] formation • Bleeding/hematoma • Subcutaneous emphysema • Pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum • Stent problems (eg, migration, breakage) • Reformation of stenosis • Injury to recurrent or superior laryngeal nerves • Airway obstruction • Death Outcome and Prognosis [healthunlocked.com]

OUTCOME AND PROGNOSIS The outcome of laryngotracheal reconstruction depends on its grade and the procedure performed. [tracheostomy.com]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

The etiology of this condition and the differential diagnosis are discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] hypopharyngeal, Supraglottic and Subglottic Stenosis after 1-Week Intubation Discipline: Health, Science Abstract: Laryngeal stenosis is a partial or complete narrowing of the endolarynx and has many etiologies. [ejournals.ph]

Unknown etiology and low disease prevalence have limited the ability to characterize the natural history of iSGS and resulted in variability in surgical management. It is uncertain how this variation relates to clinical outcomes. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

Decannulation 252 Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis 255 Historical Perspective 256 Epidemiology 258 Disease Progression and Complications 259 Managing RRP in Children 260 AnesthesiaAirway Management Techniques 261 Adjuvant Medical Therapy 262 Photodynamic [books.google.com]

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to examine the epidemiology and outcome of subglottic stenosis in infants and children, and to evaluate the current techniques used in its diagnosis and management at the KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Congenital Subglottic Stenosis Epidemiology Congenital SGS the third most common cause of neonatal stridor, and is thought to represent between 5 and 15 % of airway malformations [ 25, 26 ]. [entokey.com]

Epidemiology Frequency The frequency of congenital subglottic stenosis (SGS) is unknown. The incidence of acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS) has greatly decreased over the past 40 years. [emedicine.medscape.com]

RRP in Children 260 AnesthesiaAirway Management Techniques 261 Adjuvant Medical Therapy 262 Photodynamic Therapy 263 Pharynx and Oesophagus 266 Ontogeny of Oesophageal Motor Function 269 The Oesophageal Phase 270 Oesophageal Sphincter Physiology 271 Pathophysiology [books.google.com]

[…] features obtained with OCT with physiologic and functional variables such as gestational age, weight, and number of failed extubations in order to identify variables that can be used to better predict successful airway extubation, monitor progression of pathophysiologic [grantome.com]

The causes of subglottic stenosis may be divided into congenital or acquired lesions, and these will be considered separately because of the differences in pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment of each. [virtualpediatrichospital.org]

Pathophysiology Congenital stenosis has two main types, membranous and cartilaginous. In membranous stenosis, fibrous soft tissue thickening is caused by increased connective tissue or hyperplastic dilated mucus glands with absence of inflammation. [healthunlocked.com]

[…] intubation, found that the percentage of COMFORT behavior (COMFORT-B) scale scores between 23 and 30 (indicating undersedation) was greater in children with subglottic stenosis than in children without the condition (15.8% vs 3.65%, respectively). [10] Pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Partial resection of the hypertrophic cricoid cartilage is considered effective in preventing restenosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention of post-intubation subglottic stenosis is possible through a better management of the EI and of the child with a tracheal tube. [minervamedica.it]

The ability to better treat and even prevent subglottic stenosis has improved with technical advances in neonatal intensive care, but diagnosis remains a source of continued controversy and debate. [grantome.com]

Although the incidence is relatively low, subglottic stenosis is a serious complication of tracheal intubation and all measures to prevent subglottic stenosis should be undertaken. No Reference information available - sign in for access. [ingentaconnect.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Intersex (Medical Encyclopedia) [ Read More ] Throat Disorders Also called: Pharyngeal disorders Your throat is a tube that carries food to your esophagus and air to your windpipe and larynx. [icdlist.com]