During the recovery phase, symptoms were present in up to 76% of subjects [19, 22]. [vdoc.pub]

• Asymptomatic

  Clinical Presentations Patients with PPH are often asymptomatic. In one study, Vloet et al. noted that 66% of the study’s subjects with PPH were asymptomatic [54]. [vdoc.pub]

• Heart Disease

  In 1799, Parry in his study demonstrated the existence of a significant relationship between carotid hypersensitivity and coronary disease and structural heart disease [1]. [vdoc.pub]

• Blurred Vision

  The prodromal symptoms include pallor, sweating, nausea, abdominal discomfort, feeling cold or feeling warm, palpitations, yawning, sighing, salivation, dizziness, light headedness, and blurred vision. [vdoc.pub]

• Visual Impairment

  Disorders affecting balance in the elderly are inner ear disorders, visual impairment, cerebral, cerebellar, spinal cord disorders, dementia, cerebrovascular disease and musculoskeletal disorders. [vdoc.pub]

• Tremor

  Reported side effects include diarrhea, tremors, and sleep disorders [74, 75]. Octreotide Octreotide is a treatment for patients with known autonomic failure, and some clinicians have suggested its use be expanded to include patients with PPH. [vdoc.pub]

CSS Treatment The treatment of CSS depends on many factors, including the haemodynamic response to the carotid sinus massage and patient’s clinical history. [vdoc.pub]

Prognosis The prognosis of CSH and CSS is not entirely clear; recurrences of syncope occur both in persons with and without stimulation. Recurrent syncope may result in injuries and fractures. [vdoc.pub]

Vasovagal syncope is the most common etiology of syncope. Head-up tilt test can be used to precipitate vasovagal syncope, as a diagnostic tool in patients with syncope of unknown etiology. [vdoc.pub]

In epidemiologic studies of patients with Parkinson’s disease, diuretics more than quintupled the risk of OH [5]. [vdoc.pub]

Pathophysiology The pathophysiology of PPH is multifactorial (Fig. 2.1). Insulin-induced vasodilation and/or increased postprandial splanchnic blood pooling is an important mechanism [28, 29]. [vdoc.pub]

Avoiding heat, alcohol intake prevents peripheral vasodilatation and consumption of small meals, which can prevent splanchnic vasodilatation. [vdoc.pub]