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Constipation
A monkey rejects the old style clyster for his new 'clyso-pompe', which he fills with opium and marshmallow. Coloured lithograph.
Presentation
- We present a case of mucosal EG presenting as constipation and abdominal pain in a 43 year old female.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- We present the case of an 11-year-old boy with a 4-month history of chronic constipation and abdominal pain who presented to the children's ED. He was found to have a large abdominal mass that was determined to be a myxoid liposarcoma.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- CASE: A 16-year-old female presented with 5 months of chronic, episodic abdominal pain of increasing severity with associated mucoid stools, constipation, encopresis, and a 15-25 lb weight loss.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- A man in his thirties presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of constipation and acute abdominal pain.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- MESSAGE: Suspect familial Shah-Waardenburg syndrome in a neonate of Waardenburg syndrome presenting with constipation since birth or intestinal obstruction.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
Pain
- PURPOSE: Abdominal pain is not used to characterize constipated patients.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Naloxegol has demonstrated efficacy against OIC in several studies involving patients with nonmalignant chronic pain.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Symptoms of the mucosal form of EG usually include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain while constipation is extremely rare. We present a case of mucosal EG presenting as constipation and abdominal pain in a 43 year old female.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- […] probiotics was associated with significant improvement in glycerin enema use and abdominal pain but did not affect the treatment success and other function indices.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- : nausea or vomiting, pain and flatus.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Crying
- If you are a parent, you probably watch your baby’s every laugh, hiccup, and cry for clues about their well-being. Some signs of a problem, though, can be a little more difficult to detect.[healthline.com]
- Crying while straining may be a sign of constipation. When a child is constipated, the stool in the intestines has backed up more than it should. What “more than it should” means varies depending on the age of the child and the diet.[drgreene.com]
- So babies tend to strain, cry, and get red in the face when they have a bowel movement. This does not mean they are constipated. If bowel movements are soft, then there is likely no problem.[medlineplus.gov]
- Signs of constipation Children may sometimes say that it hurts when doing a poo, or cry, and will try to do their poos less often. Often they don't say anything.[cyh.com]
Short Stature
- One of the patients had Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and 4 patients had short stature. Endoscopic findings included nodularity in bulbus and duodenal mucosa (n 16), scalloping fold (n 13), and normal mucosa (n 5).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Gastrointestinal
Abdominal Pain
- PURPOSE: Abdominal pain is not used to characterize constipated patients.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Symptoms of the mucosal form of EG usually include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain while constipation is extremely rare. We present a case of mucosal EG presenting as constipation and abdominal pain in a 43 year old female.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Constipation is a common cause of pediatric abdominal pain seen in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). We present the case of an 11-year-old boy with a 4-month history of chronic constipation and abdominal pain who presented to the children's ED.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- […] probiotics was associated with significant improvement in glycerin enema use and abdominal pain but did not affect the treatment success and other function indices.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The findings of our work indicate that Polyethylene glycol is better than lactulose in outcomes of stool frequency per week, form of stool, relief of abdominal pain and the need for additional products.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Abdominal Cramps
- Symptoms include needing to open the bowels less often than usual, straining to pass the motion, bloated abdomen or abdominal cramps.[web.archive.org]
- Adverse effects were poorly reported; two trials reported the number of women having abdominal cramps, but their results could not be pooled in a meta-analysis due to substantial statistical heterogeneity.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- […] of sudden kidney failure Sorbitol Abdominal cramps and flatulence Stimulant laxatives Anthraquinones (found in senna, cascara, and castor oil) Abdominal cramps and dehydration Stimulant laxatives are not used if there is a possibility of an intestinal[merck.com]
- Two trials reported on abdominal cramps but we were unable to combine the results of the two trials because they were very different (one study found more women had abdominal cramps compared to the women in the placebo control group whereas the other[doi.org]
- This is especially true if you’re having other symptoms like fatigue, hair loss, abdominal cramping, weight changes, or vision problems.[healthline.com]
Abdominal Distension
- After a Fleet enema and digital maneuvers, her abdominal distension and symptoms improved. A CT scan obtained 24 hours later showed a reduction in ventricular size.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- RESULTS: Compared with the Mox group, greater improvements in abdominal distension, defecation frequency, diffificulty in defecation and stool features were observed in the EA group (all P CONCLUSIONS: Both EA and Mox could signifificantly improve some[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- PEG: abdominal distension and pain, nausea, excessive diarrhoea. Lactulose: galactosaemia, intestinal obstruction. PEG: intestinal perforation or obstruction, paralytic ileus, severe inflammatory conditions of the GI tract (e.g.[doi.org]
- Flat or distension that can be explained because of age or overweight child Gross abdominal distension Spine/lumbosacral region/gluteal examination Normal appearance of the skin and anatomical structures of lumbosacral/gluteal regions Abnormal: asymmetry[doi.org]
Dyschezia
- Colonic Inertia Constipation Dyschezia edit English constipation bowel dysfunction that is characterized by infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces.[wikidata.org]
- People with dyschezia sense the need to have a bowel movement but cannot. Even stool that is not hard may be difficult to pass. People with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may have IBS-disordered defecation.[merck.com]
- Amarenco, Intérêt des explorations manométriques dans les dyschésies anorectales Advantages of manometric explorations in cases of anorectal dyschezia, Pelvi-périnéologie, 10.1007/s11608-010-0347-5, 5, 4, (252-256), (2010). Cor G.M.I.[doi.org]
Bulky Stool
- Fiber helps form soft, bulky stools and is found in many vegetables, fruits, and grains. Be sure to add fiber to your diet a little at a time so your body gets used to it, and you must also increase your water consumption.[colonspas.com]
- Diet A diet with enough fiber (20 to 35 grams each day) helps the body form soft, bulky stool. A doctor or dietitian can help plan an appropriate diet.[web.archive.org]
- Although hard stools frequently result in defecatory difficulties, soft bulky stools may also be associated with constipation, particularly in elderly patients with anatomic abnormalities and in patients with impaired colorectal motility.[emedicine.medscape.com]
Neurologic
Irritability
- Clinical study results in patients with Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C) are also reviewed.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Plain language summary No clear evidence that Cisapride relieves symptoms related to constipation or irritable bowel disease.[web.archive.org]
- This study is one of the few reports of this rare clinical entity causing irritative voiding symptoms and constipation in a male patient.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- We do not feel that cisapride can be justifiably used for chronic constipation or irritable bowel disease given its side effects of arrhythmia and associated 175 recorded deaths.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- A diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 146, 67–75 (2014). 37. Coss-Adame, E. & Rao, S. S. Brain and gut interactions in irritable bowel syndrome: new paradigms and new understandings. Curr.[doi.org]
Neglect
- Although frequently neglected, it can lead to serious adverse clinical consequences.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
- CONCLUSIONS: CME programs focusing on applying diagnostic criteria, matching diagnostic workup to patient presentation, treatment selection, and identifying patients who may benefit from psychological evaluation may fill knowledge and practice gaps of[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Diagnosis An extensive workup of the constipated patient is performed on an outpatient basis and usually occurs after approximately 3-6 months of failed medical management.[emedicine.medscape.com]
- If the patient experiences further episodes of constipation, a more detailed evaluation may then become appropriate (see Workup ).[web.archive.org]
Treatment
- It will also promote relevant research of microbiota treatment and individualized treatments.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- HCPs reported the greatest challenges in treating CIC patients as response rates to current therapies (55%), treatment adherence (55%), management of treatment-related diarrhea (34%), and lack of treatment options (34%).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The treatment efficiency was evaluated and compared between two different treatments.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In addition, in children much less treatment is needed for recovery compared to adult subjects, as well as the duration of the treatment is shorter.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- We believe that SNS could offer a safe, effective and relatively cost-effective treatment for patients with NBD refractory to conservative treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
- AIM: To compare the efficacy, improved quality of life, and prognosis in patients undergoing either subtotal colonic bypass with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy (SCBAC) or subtotal colonic bypass plus colostomy with antiperistaltic cecoproctostomy (SCBCAC[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Prognosis was poor in all these cases. At autopsy, pseudo-membranous mucosal changes were revealed all over the colon, particularly in the rectum and sigmoid colon.[doi.org]
- Prognosis: With appropriate dietary management, prognosis in most patients is excellent. Recurrence depends on the patient's long-term compliance to therapy.[web.archive.org]
- Prognosis Most active patients do well with medical management and appropriate dietary management. Recurrence depends on the patient’s long-term compliance with therapy.[emedicine.medscape.com]
Etiology
- The understanding of the etiology of chronic constipation is the foundation on which cost-effective management strategies are to be built.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The diagnosis can be made using standard criteria, and in the absence of alarm signs or symptoms, a determination of the underlying etiology/etiologies should be undertaken.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The understanding of the etiology of chronic constipation is the foundation on which cost-effective management strategies are to be built. Keywords Chronic constipation Etiology This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.[doi.org]
- Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common disease of which the etiology is still not clear. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain STC, including autonomic neuropathy, disorders of the enteric nervous system and so forth.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Etiology The etiology of constipation is usually multifactorial, but it can be broadly divided into 2 main groups: primary constipation and secondary constipation.[emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology
- The frequent occurrence of constipation and its impact on public health stress the need for further studies devoted to the epidemiology and basic pathophysiology of this condition.[doi.org]
- In the present study, the epidemiology of constipation in the United States and an assessment of its impact on national health are presented.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Large-scale epidemiological studies have not confirmed the widely accepted Braakpostula. In this review, we propose an alternative origin and route of spread of LP in PD.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- This Primer provides an introduction to the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, management and quality of life associated with the commonly encountered clinical problem of chronic constipation in adults unrelated to opioid abuse.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- This review will focus on the definition, epidemiology, diagnostic approach, and non-pharmacologic as well as pharmacologic management of chronic constipation in the elderly, including an overview of new medications currently under clinical investigation[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Sex distribution
Age distribution
Pathophysiology
- Its underlying neuropathology may provide pathophysiological insight into PD.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- This Primer provides an introduction to the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, management and quality of life associated with the commonly encountered clinical problem of chronic constipation in adults unrelated to opioid abuse.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In this Review, we provide an overview of the burden and pathophysiology of chronic constipation, as well as a detailed discussion of the available diagnostic tools and treatment options.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- PURPOSE: To investigate whether pathophysiological differences exist among healthy controls (HC) and patients with slow and normal transit constipation (STC and NTC), we evaluated (1) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms using validated questionnaires; (2)[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Better understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic constipation and efficacy of pharmacological agent can help physicians for treating and managing symptoms.In this study, some of the old and new therapies in the treatment of chronic constipation[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention
- OBJECTIVE: Auricular acupressure (AA) therapy has been widely used in Eastern Asia and Europe to prevent constipation in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Design/methodology/approach A quality improvement project in older adults undergoing rehabilitation for prevention and constipation management was conducted.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Discussion in the following article addresses examples of drugs that have the potential for constipation, why constipation may occur with these medications, and how to safely prevent or reduce medication-induced constipation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Peculiar long term complications related to the presence of a dysfunctional or mobile caecal stump may be prevented by careful patient selection and surgical technique.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The effectiveness and safety of available interventions for preventing postpartum constipation needs to be ascertained. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of interventions for preventing postpartum constipation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]