Interestingly, erythrocytes from neither mice nor rhesus macaques present CAR. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cervical Lymphadenopathy

  Initial observations included a prominent cervical lymphadenopathy, exudative pharyngitis and leucocytosis with atypical lymphocytosis. At the end of the 2nd week of illness the patient developed meningoencephalomyelitis and haemolytic anaemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Unconsciousness

  Although he was immediately resuscitated, he remained unconscious with a modified Glasgow coma score of 4 or 3. He developed neurogenic diabetes insipidus 169 hours after the convulsion and died the next day. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Lymphadenopathy

  Initial observations included a prominent cervical lymphadenopathy, exudative pharyngitis and leucocytosis with atypical lymphocytosis. At the end of the 2nd week of illness the patient developed meningoencephalomyelitis and haemolytic anaemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Exudative Pharyngitis

  Initial observations included a prominent cervical lymphadenopathy, exudative pharyngitis and leucocytosis with atypical lymphocytosis. At the end of the 2nd week of illness the patient developed meningoencephalomyelitis and haemolytic anaemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Visual Impairment

  CAR-CNS KO mice showed no sign of visual impairment or swimming performance in the visible platform session ( Fig. 7 F ). [doi.org]

• Retinal Pigmentation

  A bull's eye pattern of macular retinal pigment epithelial disturbance persisted on color and near infrared reflectance images, despite good visual acuity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Spontaneous Rupture of Membranes

  Delivery occurred vaginally approximately 24 hours later, following spontaneous rupture of membranes. At birth, both twins showed signs of sepsis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Placental Disorder

  Massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MPFD) is an uncommon placental disorder, associated with significant fetal morbidity, mortality, and recurrence; its etiology is unknown. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Polyuria

  A 65-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital in June 2013 with a 6-day history of fever and fatigue, a 24-h history of thirst, and polyuria. His temperature was 37.8 C and he was alert. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cerebellar Ataxia

  Neurological involvement associated with enterovirus 71 infection may include: Aseptic meningitis Encephalitis Encephalomyelitis Acute cerebellar ataxia Acute transverse myelitis Guillain-Barré syndrome Opsomyoclonus syndrome Benign intracranial hypertension [dermnetnz.org]

• Dizziness

  A 7 year old boy had 2 episodes of mental dizziness and consciousness disturbance. Because of he presented a visus of 70 %, headaches and vomiting he was admitted to our hospital. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Encephalopathy

  The autopsy showed mild, acute pericarditis and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Placenta examination showed MPFD involving 80% of the parenchyma. Molecular viral analysis and serotyping showed Coxsackie A16 virus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• HLA-DR3

  We wanted to compare the characteristics of T-cell immune response to CVB4 in children with type 1 diabetes and healthy children with and without HLA risk-associated haplotypes (HLA-DR3-DQ2 or HLA-DR4-DQ8) for type 1 diabetes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• HLA-DR4

  We wanted to compare the characteristics of T-cell immune response to CVB4 in children with type 1 diabetes and healthy children with and without HLA risk-associated haplotypes (HLA-DR3-DQ2 or HLA-DR4-DQ8) for type 1 diabetes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Due to its crucial role for viral entry, CAR-downregulation may lead to novel approaches for treatment for viral myocarditis. [doi.org]

All four infants recovered, and no adverse effects of the treatment were noted. pleconaril needs to be comprehensively evaluated in this population. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diagnostic procedures and treatment should be tailored to the specific disease manifestation. [amboss.com]

It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [immuno-oncologynews.com]

At the end of the treatment period, mean S.D. [academic.oup.com]

We concluded that coxsackie virus B 4 caused acute encephalitis with ophthalmological and mental symptoms and good prognosis. Coxsackie virus B 4 should be considered in patients with encephalitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

almost always self‑limiting Coxsackie B Myocarditis Pleurodynia Characteristics : highly contagious Clinical presentation Flu‑like symptoms Sudden thoracic and upper abdominal pain caused by irritation of the pleura and muscles Prognosis : self‑limiting [amboss.com]

The prognosis of HFMD is excellent, with the vast majority resolving spontaneously in 5-10 days. [patient.info]

Our patient is the first reported case of FT1D associated with Coxsackie virus A2 infection and supports the etiological role of common viral infections in FT1D. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The differentiation between EV70 and the CA24 variant as the agent causing AHC is very important in epidemiology, especially as there is a high possibility in Japan of outbreaks caused by these two agents. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology Worldwide distribution Occur in all age groups Highest incidence in infants and young children ( 10 years ) References: [1] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Epidemiology and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in Singapore, 2001-2007. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2009 Feb. 38(2):106-12. [Medline]. Bergman I, Painter MJ, Wald ER, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]

A Halapas, N Pissimissis, P Lembessis, I Rizos, AG Rigopoulos, DT Kremastinos and M Koutsilieris, Molecular diagnosis of the viral component in cardiomyopathies: pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic implications, Expert Opinion on Therapeutic [doi.org]

Pathophysiology Coxsackieviruses are transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route and respiratory aerosols, although transmission via fomites is possible. The viruses initially replicate in the upper respiratory tract and the distal small bowel. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease." Dec. 22, 2017.. United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [medicinenet.com]

Is it possible to prevent coxsackievirus infections? Prevention of coxsackievirus infections is difficult but possible. [rxlist.com]

[…] contagious, and can be prevented. [microbewiki.kenyon.edu]