Firefighters should wear SCBA anytime smoke is present. Hydrogen cyanide is present not only in visible smoke, but can be present during overhaul when smoke is no longer evident - and when SCBA is often removed. [firehouse.com]

Headache, vomiting, dizziness, and abdominal pain were common presentation symptoms of patients in the study of Akyildiz et al. [ 2 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Increased percentages of haemoglobin and lymphocyte count were present in all exposed workers, in addition to punctate basophilia in 28 workers. Cyanmethaemoglobin was found to be characteristic. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A patient with cyanide toxicity generally presents with cardiovascular and CNS depression despite normal oxygenation. Most symptoms are non-specific although cherry-red skin coloring is sometimes present. [pharmacyjoe.com]

• Seizure

  This cobalt salt is toxic — it causes seizures, chest pain and dyspnoea, head and neck swelling, hypotension, urticaria and vomiting. Due to this toxicity it should only be given if severe cyanide poisoning is strongly suspected. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

  […] compounds, including smoke from closed-space fires. 1 Signs and Symptoms Common signs and symptoms of cyanide poisoning include 1 : Symptoms Signs Headache Confusion Dyspnea Chest tightness Nausea Altered mental status (eg, confusion, disorientation) Seizures [cyanokit.com]

  It also can immediately affect the brain and cause a seizure or coma. [emedicinehealth.com]

  Characterized by impaired intracellular oxygenation, symptoms include tachycardia, drowsiness, seizures, headache, apnea, and cardiac arrest. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

In summary, riboflavin may be a novel treatment for cyanide toxicity and prophylactic measure during nitroprusside treatment, inosine may serve as a biomarker of cyanide exposure, and metabolites in the bile acid and purine metabolism pathways may shed [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The final decision regarding which treatment is used for an individual patient remains the clinical responsibility of the prescriber. [medicinesinpregnancy.org]

Unfortunately, even today, this ideal treatment does not exist. In the hospital, a common treatment is the Cyanide Antidote Kit. It is also known as the Lilly Kit, Pasadena Kit or the Taylor Kit. [firerescue1.com]

The key to survival for these victims is rapid and appropriate treatment, but current treatments require an intravenous injection by a medical professional and can require upward of 20 min to take effect. [rdmag.com]

Supportive treatment including oxygen, IV fluids, and airway protection in severe cases should also be a priority. More recently, hydroxocobalamin has become available under the brand name Cyanokit, and provides a safer, faster, simpler treatment. [epmonthly.com]

Prognosis The prognosis in cyanide toxicity is good for patients who have only minor symptoms that do not necessitate the administration of antidotes. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Acute cyanide poisoning is usually the result of attempted suicide, which, because of the high doses, is often lethal within minutes or leads to a very poor prognosis after delayed and inadequate treatment. [ajnr.org]

Factors affecting the prognosis of patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Am J Emerg Med 2011;29:261–264. Wolf SJ, Lavonas EJ, Sloan EP, et al. [ahcmedia.com]

(See Etiology.) Industry widely uses nitriles as solvents and in the manufacturing of plastics. Nitriles may release HCN during burning or when metabolized after absorption by the skin or gastrointestinal tract. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Carbon monoxide and cyanide toxicity: Etiology, pathophysiology and treatment in inhalation injury. Expert Rev Respir Med 2013;7(2):159-170. [ahcmedia.com]

APPLICATION OF DNA ADDUCTS AND HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS TO ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES. [researchmap.jp]

الصفحة 69 - Epidemiology is defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems. ‏ [books.google.com]

Amygdalin can be hydrolyzed to hydrogen cyanide, and ingestion of large quantities of such foods may result in toxicity. [5] Epidemiology United States statistics Cyanide may be a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality observed in the approximately [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology From 2007-2011, there 1,148 exposures to cyanide reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers with the majority of cases being categorized as unintentional involving chemical laboratory personnel. [calpoison.org]

The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of carbon monoxide and cyanide poisonings. [ahcmedia.com]

Altered mental status (eg, confusion, disorientation) Seizures or coma Mydriasis Tachypnea/Hyperpnea (early) Bradypnea/Apnea (late) Hypertension (early)/ Hypotension (late) Cardiovascular collapse Vomiting Plasma lactate concentration > 8 mmol/L The basic pathophysiology [calsprogram.org]

Pathophysiology Cyanide is a potent cellular asphyxiant inhibiting multiple enzyme systems but most importantly it inhibits cytochrome oxidase, an enzyme in the electron transport chain responsible for aerobic production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP [calpoison.org]

The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of carbon monoxide and cyanide poisonings. [ahcmedia.com]

For related information, see the Disaster Preparedness and Aftermath Resource Center. [13, 14] Pathophysiology Cyanide exposure most often occurs via inhalation or ingestion, but liquid cyanide can be absorbed through the skin or eyes. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The man was in remission from prostate cancer and was trying to prevent it from returning. [nydailynews.com]

A partnership in the fight against malaria Relate bracelets partnered with International SOS six years ago; and since then – we have raised more than R600,000 ($43,000) for malaria prevention and social upliftment. [internationalsos.com]

Every community has a suicide prevention system or hotline that can help arrange psychiatric care, or call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK; 1-800-273-8255. [emedicinehealth.com]

Public Health Service: Atlanta, GA. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MHMI/mmg8.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2004. Cyanide. Emergency Preparedness and Response. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [health.ny.gov]