A case of true cyclopia with normal karyotype is presented. There was a history of the use of an intrauterine device for contraception and of drug ingestion during early pregnancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pharyngitis

  Although there was complete erasure of the olfactory and superior nasal structures, rudiments of nasal structures derived from the maxillary bone were evident, but with absent pharyngeal structures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Short Arm

  We report on a case of synophthalmic cyclopia and alobar holoprosencephaly associated with an interstitial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 2: del(2)(p21p23). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Amniocentesis followed by chromosome analysis demonstrated karyotype as de novo 45,XY, der (18;21)(q10;q10), with deletion of a short arm of chromosome 18. The pregnancy ended in a premature delivery of a male neonate weighing 1716 g at 34 weeks. [degruyter.com]

They may have neurodevelopmental issues. [11, 12, 13, 14, 15] Workup Prenatal diagnosis options include karyotype analysis, microarray testing, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). [emedicine.medscape.com]

or bush tea, another indigenous South African plant with very limited localised use as herbal tea, include treatment of boils, acne, infected wounds and infected throats. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Virology: Research and Treatment about the journal submit your research Indexing: DOAJ, EBSCO, PubMed Central (PMC) and more. [insights.sagepub.com]

This treatment follows Van Wyk & Schutte (1995a) but reflects several more recent modifications and revisions (references given below). Species in the tribe are listed by Nkonki et al. (2003). [plantsoftheworldonline.org]

Three dormancy-breaking treatments (wet heat, dry heat and microwave energy) were identified as potential alternatives to conventional sulphuric acid scarification. [pubag.nal.usda.gov]

[…] cases, when the prosencephalon fails to cleave sagittally into cerebral hemispheres or transversely into telencephalon and diencephalon or horizontally into the optic and olfactory bulbs, the neural tube vesicles remain holistic as alobar HPE with grave prognosis [neurologyindia.com]

The prognosis with colpocephaly is directly correlated with the degree of abnormality. Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephaly results from the failed development of the prosencephalon (forebrain) in the embryo. [britannica.com]

The prognosis of holoprosencephaly depends on the severity of the malformation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The polluting landfill remains as a possible etiological factor. 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiologic data on phocomelia are scarce. This study presents an epidemiologic analysis of the largest series of phocomelia cases known to date. [stacks.cdc.gov]

Epidemiology Unit. IFC-CNR. Pisa, Italy. Texas Department of State Health Services. Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch. Texas, USA. University of Padua. Clinical Genetics Unit. Department of Pediatrics. Padua, Italy. [arca.fiocruz.br]

In a large epidemiologic study, Croen et al found the prevalence of holoprosencephaly to be 1.2 per 10,000 live births and fetal deaths. [appliedradiology.com]

The anomalies are organized by anatomical system and presented in a consistent manner, including details of the clinical presentation, epidemiology, embryology, treatment and prevention for each anomaly. [books.google.com]

Pathophysiology A combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to be responsible for the pathogenesis of holoprosencephaly. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The indirect removal of UVB damaged keratinocytes by herbal tea extracts via apoptosis may find application in the prevention of photo-induced inflammation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The anomalies are organized by anatomical system and presented in a consistent manner, including details of the clinical presentation, epidemiology, embryology, treatment and prevention for each anomaly. [books.google.com]

One day, such abnormalities may be treatable before pregnancy and cyclopia will become preventable. [healthline.com]