Presentation
RESULTS: Twenty-seven RCTs were identified and included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis, involving a total of 7343 patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
At present, its role in carcinoid heart disease is unknown. Conference: 7th Annual ENETS Conference (2010) Category: Clinical Presenting Author: Dr. [enets.org]
We have found that the singlet oxygen-trapping product, o -dibenzoylbenzene, is formed nearly quantitatively intracellularly when both the furan and hematoporphyrin are present during illumination but not when only the furan is present during illumination [cancerres.aacrjournals.org]
Entire Body System
- Infertility
Cytotoxic drugs have also been associated with negative health effects for developing fetuses, including higher incidences of spontaneous abortions, congenital malformations, low birth weight, and infertility. [omicsonline.org]
Other potential medium and long term side effects such as teratogenicity and infertility are also important considerations. 1 4 5 Table 2 summarises the most important side effects and cumulative toxic doses (where known) of the common ISDs and CDs used [adc.bmj.com]
Recovery may not occur, with infertility a consequence.(1,2) Teratogenicity: No definite syndromes are described, however fetal deformities are reported and contraception and counselling are essential in patients at risk.(8,9) Infections: These occur [arthritis.co.za]
- Anemia
In addition, more incidences of grade 3 or 4 anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neurotoxicity were observed in the doublet combination group. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Cytoxan can also cause bone marrow suppression, resulting in low red and/or white blood cell counts ( anemia, leukopenia) and low platelets (thrombocytopenia), which can raise the risk of bleeding and infection (especially shingles ). [verywell.com]
If proper precautions are not observed thiotepa may cause leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia. [rxmed.com]
- Chills
Those placed on cytotoxic agents should be queried at each visit for symptoms of infection, such as fever, chills, sweating, shortness of breath, cough, headache, dysuria, and arthritis. Prompt reporting of symptoms should be encouraged. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]
Because they work by dampening the immune system as a whole—meaning that you have fewer defenses to fight disease—you need to contact your doctor immediately if you ever experience fever, cough, chills, shortness of breath, rash, bleeding, or other signs [verywell.com]
The patient should notify the physician in the case of any sign of bleeding (epistaxis, easy bruising, change in color of urine, black stool) or infection (fever, chills) or for possible pregnancy to patient or partner. [rxmed.com]
Jaw & Teeth
- Sore Mouth
Mouth problems The cells which line the mouth are affected by some cytotoxic medicines. This may lead to a sore mouth, a dry mouth or other mouth problems. [patient.info]
Musculoskeletal
- Morning Stiffness
Improvement in morning stiffness, joint pain, tenderness and activity scores, is noted in 66% of patients. MTX used weekly IV, has also demonstrated efficacy in uncontrolled and retrospective studies. [arthritis.co.za]
Psychiatrical
- Withdrawn
Doses of liquid preparations of oral cytotoxic drugs should be withdrawn from the container over a plastic tray. Once withdrawn, a cap should be placed on the syringe tip prior to administration ( Rationale 23 ). [gosh.nhs.uk]
Urogenital
- Urinary Retention
Renal: dysuria, urinary retention. There have been rare reports of chemical cystitis or hemorrhagic cystitis following intravesical, but not parenteral administration of thiotepa. [rxmed.com]
Neurologic
- Stroke
Those collecting the sampled carefully drew the wipe across an area of the working surface (about 10 x 10 cm) using vertical and horizontal strokes. [hospitalpharmacyeurope.com]
- Insomnia
[…] accidentally apply too much condylox gel to your skin cheap warticon gold coast condylox is an bosh caused by hpv distillate buy condylox 20% tablets online condylox treat genital warts generic vs original Nervous system side effects have included headache, insomnia [zod.sourceforge.net]
Treatment
Two patients from each group interrupted treatment because of side effects or inefficacy. CONCLUSION: Most nephrotic patients with membranous nephropathy responded to either treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] azathioprine [25] or cyclosporine [26] in treatment-resistant disease. [annals.org]
Prognosis
The overall prognosis for this group of patients is still poor, emphasizing the importance of more effective therapies. Betulinic acid (Bet A) has been described as a novel cytotoxic compound active against melanoma and neuroblastoma cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. The majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and have limited treatment options. [roswellpark.org]
[…] clear evidence for the benefit of pulsed intravenous cyclophosphamide over steroids alone in reducing clinical and serological activity of lupus, histological damage, and end stage renal failure. 34 35 Before the routine use of cyclophosphamide, the prognosis [adc.bmj.com]
Polyarteritis Nodosa, has a similar prognosis and benefit to WG when treated with CP and steroids. A similar drug protocol is recommended. Most authors recommend use of prednisone combined with CP for the treatment of PAN. [arthritis.co.za]
Etiology
[…] is unknown whether this is a function of inadequate or incomplete suppression of immune pathways mediating the abnormality; the influences of pathogenic mechanisms that are unaffected by these drugs; or, perhaps most likely, the failure to eliminate etiologic [annals.org]
Epidemiology
Controlled epidemiological surveys suggest that cytotoxic drugs are associated with reproduction toxicology, embryo toxicity and teratogenicity, as well as an increased risk of malignant tumours. [hospitalpharmacyeurope.com]
Pathophysiology
They also address the consequences of drug interactions and the basic pathophysiology of central nervous system toxicity. [books.google.ro]
In addition, drug combinations have been advocated on the premise that synergisms might result from disruptions of separate pathophysiologic pathways involved in synovitis. [annals.org]
Fourth, the proportion of IL-4–positive T cells was greater in patients with progressive disease, compared with stable patients, suggesting that IL-4 played pathophysiologic roles in suppressing cell death. 15 Finally, CLL cells within lymph nodes and [bloodjournal.org]
Prevention
Negative pressure rooms that prevent any spilled medication from leaving the room are also recommended. 2. [cupe.ca]
The most common side effects can nowadays be effectively prevented and treated. Below we list the most common side effects of cytotoxic drugs. [allaboutcancer.fi]
In response to the lab tests and side effects, drug dosage is adjusted to prevent or reverse any serious toxicity. Methotrexate is usually given orally once a week, although it may also be given by injection. [aocd.org]
Knowledge of specific measures for preventing and managing associated side effects and dose modifications is integral to the provision of optimal care. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Cytotoxic drugs inhibit or prevent the function of cells. Cytotoxic drugs are primarily used to treat cancer, frequently as part of a chemotherapy regime. [omicsonline.org]