This report emphasizes sodium depletion as a common sign of CF presentation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  METHODS: A retrospective observational study was carried out on all children younger than 8 days of age with fever who presented to a single, tertiary care, PED from January 2009 to April 2014. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The person has a fever over 102 F (38.8 C). You notice symptoms of heatstroke (such as rapid pulse or rapid breathing). The person's condition does not improve or gets worse despite treatment. [nlm.nih.gov]

• Weakness

  Too weak to cry. Sunken eyes, sunken fontanelle (soft spot of skull). Increased heart rate, weak pulses, and rapid shallow breathing. Cool, mottled skin. No urine output (dry diapers). Too weak to suckle or drink fluids. [medicinenet.com]

  PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of the review is to provide recommendations to improve clinical decision-making based on the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used hydration biomarkers and clinical assessment methods. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Diarrhea lasting longer than two days Sudden weight loss Decreased urine production Excessive or lasting confusion Weakness Seek emergency help if you experience any of the following: A fever above 103 F. [fastmed.com]

  Electrolyte disorders may cause tachypnoea, muscle cramps or weakness, cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart rate, palpitation), confusion and/or seizures. [medicalguidelines.msf.org]

• Hypothermia

  Getty Images Dehydration is to summer as hypothermia is to winter -- but wait, maybe not. Dehydration is certainly a threat in the hot summer months, but it's just as much of a danger when temperatures drop. [cnet.com]

  not associated with low environmental temperature) 제외 : 저온증(hypothermia)NOS(우발적)(accidental)(T68) 마취성(의)(에 의한) (의)(에 의한) (due to) (of) 저온증(hypothermia (due to) (of) anaesthesia) (T88.5) 낮은 외부 온도(의)(에 의한) 저온증(hypothermia (due to) (of) low environmental [dic.impact.pe.kr]

  Baseline estimates are affected by fever (increasing by 12% for each degree > 37.8° C), hypothermia, and activity (eg, increased for hyperthyroidism or status epilepticus, decreased for coma). [merckmanuals.com]

  Too cold (hypothermia) or too hot (hyperthermia) and you will die. You need to conserve energy. Don't waste it by "doing" before "thinking." Water is vital for your body and mind to function properly. You need both working as good as possible. [equipped.com]

• Malaise

  The common symptoms of all patients were vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and malaise, although fever was seen mostly in the patients of rotavirus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Tachypnea

  Tachypnea with deep breathing (Kussmaul breathing) References:[3][4][6][7][8] Diagnostics References:[3][4][7][9][10][11][12] Treatment Patient who are hypovolemic as a result of severe dehydration require immediate fluid resuscitation with crystalloid [amboss.com]

  Decreased fluid intake is particularly problematic when the child is vomiting or when fever, tachypnea, or both increase insensible losses. It may also be a sign of neglect. [merckmanuals.com]

• Constipation

  Confusion or disorientation Note that constipation, another of the Fatal Four conditions, is a symptom of dehydration. [relias.com]

  Some examples are: Bumetanide Chlorothiazide ( Diuril ) Eplerenone ( Inspra ) Furosemide (Lasix) Torsemide ( Demadex ) Triamterene ( Dyrenium ) Laxatives If you're constipated, your doctor may suggest you get relief with medications called laxatives. [webmd.com]

  Constipation- After food is eaten, it is broken down in the small intestine and the non-essential portion of the food gets converted to waste. [medicalwesthospital.org]

  So either high or low levels of water and/or electrolytes can result in diarrhea, constipation, cramping or hemorrhoids. [draxe.com]

  Studies suggest that dehydration may be associated with falls and fractures, heatstroke, heart disease, lung disorders, poor kidney health, bladder and colon cancer, urinary tract infections, constipation, dry mouth, cavities, decreased immune function [nutritionfacts.org]

• Polydipsia

  Her history was significant for psychogenic polydipsia, hyponatremia, and a renal concentrating defect. She presented with a 2-day history of altered mental status, ataxia, lethargy, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Meningitis was ruled out. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cracked Lips

  Other symptoms of dehydration include: Urinating less often than usual, or passing urine that looks dark yellow or brown Having a dry, sticky mouth or cracked lips Feeling tired Feeling dizzy or unsteady Sunken eyes (your eyes look “sunken” in your face [youngmenshealthsite.org]

  As it progresses, these symptoms and signs may occur:  Feeling thirsty Dry mouth and nose Cracked lips Fatigue and muscle weakness or pain Wrinkled skin Headache Dizziness or lightheadedness Weakness or unusual fatigue Urinating less or having dark [verywellhealth.com]

  As dehydration becomes worse (moderate dehydration) If you have these signs, visit your doctor or an after hours clinic immediately or call 111 for an ambulance. extreme thirst, dry mouth, cracked lips urinate (pee) less - not passing urine for 8 hours [healthnavigator.org.nz]

  Apply moisturizer to cracked lips and medication to mouth sores. This can make drinking and eating less painful. If you have diarrhea, choose drinks that have sodium and potassium to help replace these lost minerals. [cancer.net]

• Hypotension

  The cause of the initial false-positive result was determined to be dehydration with secondary hypotension. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Patients presenting with orthostatic hypotension and normal plasma sodium concentrations are frequently admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration. [doi.org]

  […] may be present Hypotension Capillary refill time Normal ( 2 seconds) 2–3 seconds 3 seconds Extremities Warm Cool Mottled Breathing Normal Tachypnea Tachypnea with deep breathing (Kussmaul breathing) References:[3][4][6][7][8] Diagnostics References:[ [amboss.com]

• Orthostatic Hypotension

  Patients presenting with orthostatic hypotension and normal plasma sodium concentrations are frequently admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration. [doi.org]

  Cardiovascular findings include orthostatic hypotension, decreased cardiovascular pressure, and a rapid, weak pulse. Hard stools result if the patient's problem is not primarily watery diarrhea. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Blood pressure drops when the person tries to stand after lying down (low blood pressure or orthostatic hypotension) Rapid heart rate Fever Poor skin elasticity (skin slowly sinks back to its normal position when pinched) Lethargy, confusion, or coma [emedicinehealth.com]

• Tachycardia

  Instant recoil Recoil within 2 seconds Recoil after 2 seconds; significant skin tenting In infants: anterior fontanelle Normal Slightly sunken Significantly sunken Signs of hypovolemia and hypovolemic shock Pulse rate Normal Mildly tachycardic Initially tachycardia [amboss.com]

  Patients with severe dehydration should be assessed for shock (tachycardia, low blood pressure and delayed capillary refill time etc.). [medicalguidelines.msf.org]

  However, children with hypernatremia have better hemodynamics (eg, less tachycardia and better urine output) than do children with hyponatremia, in whom fluid has shifted out of the vascular space. [merckmanuals.com]

  Dehydration is marked by thirst, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, elevated plasma sodium levels, hyperosmolality, and, in severe instances, cellular disruption, delirium, falls, hyperthermia, medication toxicity, renal failure, or death. ; illustration [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Dry Skin

  Use lotion often to soften dry skin. Try to get rid of the cause of dehydration, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or fever. (See these sections for information on these causes.) Apply lubricant to lips to avoid painful cracking. [cancer.org]

  Elderly people, young children and some special cases - like people taking certain medications - need to be a little more careful.signs of dehydration in adults include being thirsty urinating less often than usual dark-colored urine dry skin feeling [icd9data.com]

  (Photo: Thinkstock) 3 / 5 Symptom 3: Dry Skin and Lips Solution: Hydrating your body will make your skin return to normal. Other liquids, such as herbal tea, count as water and can be used to avoid further dehydration. [readersdigest.ca]

  Symptoms may include: Thirst Less-frequent urination Dry skin Fatigue Light-headedness Dizziness Confusion Dry mouth and mucous membranes Increased heart rate and breathing In children, additional symptoms may include: Dry mouth and tongue No tears when [hopkinsmedicine.org]

• Kidney Failure

  Vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, burns, kidney failure, and use of diuretics may cause dehydration. People feel thirsty, and as dehydration worsens, they may sweat less and excrete less urine. [merckmanuals.com]

  Severe dehydration can lead to changes in the body's chemistry and kidney failure which may be life-threatening. Dehydration due to diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity (disease) and mortality (death) in children. [rxlist.com]

  If left untreated, dehydration can lead to serious complications including heat stroke, swelling in the brain, seizures, hypovolemic shock, kidney failure, coma, or death. [piedmont.org]

  Other, more serious, complications may include heatstroke, swelling of the brain, seizures, kidney failure, and, if you become severely dehydrated, even death. [johnmuirhealth.com]

  Urinary and Kidney Dysfunction: Prolonged or repeated bouts of dehydration may induce Urinary Tract Infections, kidney stones and eventually kidney failure. [physio-pedia.com]

• Oliguria

  Signs of dehydration include poor skin turgor (not a reliable sign in the elderly), flushed dry skin, coated tongue, dry mucous membranes, oliguria, irritability, and confusion. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Ketoacidosis Diarrhoea Eating Disorder: Anorexia Enteroviral Infections Gastroenteritis Hyperkalemia Hypernatremia Hypochloremic Alkalosis Hypoglycemia Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Intestinal Malrotation Intestinal Volvulus Intussusception Neonatal Sepsis Oliguria [physio-pedia.com]

  Differential diagnosis of oliguria in aged patients. N Engl J Med. 1962;267:130–132. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 80. Brenner BM. In: Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney. 8. Brenner BM, editor. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Confusion

  There is any other change in the person's alertness (for example, confusion or seizures). The person has a fever over 102 F (38.8 C). You notice symptoms of heatstroke (such as rapid pulse or rapid breathing). [nlm.nih.gov]

  Indiscriminate use of the terms dehydration and volume depletion, so carefully crafted by our predecessors, risks confusion and therapeutic errors. These two conditions should be distinguished at the bedside and in how we speak to one another. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Headache

  Keep in mind that there are many different types of headaches and they are not all caused by a lack of hydration. Nevertheless, a headache may be a sign that your body needs more water. Summary: Dehydration can cause headaches. [ecowatch.com]

  Headache Headaches could be a sign that you need to drink more water. Lack of water affects the serotonin levels in the body giving a person headache. [waterpuresystems.com]

  It can give you a headache Dehydration can cause headaches in a couple of different ways. "Lack of water affects your body's serotonin levels, which can give you headaches," says Dr. Casciari. [edition.cnn.com]

  Lightheadedness and confusion Getty Images Advertisement Headache Getty Images Dehydration can cause headaches in a couple of different ways. "Lack of water affects your body's serotonin levels, which can give you headaches," Dr. Casciari says. [health.com]

  You Get a Pounding Headache What’s going on: There are a lot of things that can cause headaches, but if you started your ride feeling good, didn’t drink much, and are now suffering from a headache, chances are dehydration is to blame. [bicycling.com]

• Lethargy

  The major presenting complaints were fever (34.6%), poor feeding (42.8%), loose stools (40.8%) and lethargy (26.5%). The mean (SD) time needed for correction of hypernatremia was 38.6 (15.1) hours. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Sunken Fontanelle

  Signs of Dehydration Mild Thirst Dry lips Slightly dry mouth membranes Moderate Very dry mouth membranes Sunken eyes Sunken fontanelle (soft spot) on infant’s head. Skin doesn’t bounce back quickly when lightly pinched and released. [quickcare.org]

  fontanel, the soft spot on top of a baby’s head. [healthdirect.gov.au]

  fontanel, the soft spot on the head), limited, very dark urine, cramps, stiff and/or painful joints, severe irritability, severe headache, few or no tears when crying – Severe Dehydration: All of the signs of mild and moderate dehydration, plus: blue [lecomhealth.com]

  fontanelle, restlessness/lethargy Clinical feature Mild dehydration Moderate dehydration Severe dehydration Decrease in body weight 3% 3–9% 9% Symptoms Mental status Alert Restless, irritable Lethargic, confused Thirst Slightly increased Thirsty; drinks [amboss.com]

  Urgent advice: Take your baby or child to the GP urgently or go to A&E if they: seem drowsy breathe fast have few or no tears when they cry have a soft spot on their head that sinks inwards (sunken fontanelle) have a dry mouth have dark yellow pee or [nhs.uk]

• Altered Mental Status

  She presented with a 2-day history of altered mental status, ataxia, lethargy, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Meningitis was ruled out. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Skip to content learn bedside ultrasound, one week at a time This is a critically ill 59 year old diabetic male who presents with severe altered mental status and a fever of 103.4F. [ultrasoundoftheweek.com]

Participants lost 3.00 0.31% (control) and 2.89 0.26% (treatment) of their BM from the pre- to dehydrated conditions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

– Administer ORS according to WHO Treatment Plan A after any loose stool. [medicalguidelines.msf.org]

It is unclear whether dehydration status before onset is related with prognosis of thrombolysed patients with acute ischemic stroke. If it is the case, quickly hydrating may improve the prognosis. The present study was designed to explore the issue. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Your provider may do lab tests such as: Blood tests to check kidney function Urine tests to see what may be causing dehydration Other tests to see what may be causing dehydration (blood sugar test for diabetes) Outlook (Prognosis) If you notice signs [account.allinahealth.org]

Contents [hide] 1 Medical causes of dehydration 2 Symptoms and prognosis 3 Treatment 4 Avoiding dehydration 5 Ethical concerns over death by dehydration 6 External links 7 See also 8 References Medical causes of dehydration In humans, dehydration can [rehydrate.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) If you notice signs of dehydration and treat it quickly, you should recover completely. [mountsinai.org]

The usual etiology of hypernatremic dehydration in this age group is insufficient breast milk intake. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dehydration Summary Etiology Clinical features Diagnostics Treatment Complications [amboss.com]

We further describe epidemiologic and etiologic features of such deaths and discuss forensic difficulties encountered in their certification. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recent research has questioned the epidemiological studies linking meat to health risks, suggesting that perhaps it’s less risky that we thought. [businessinsider.com.au]

Epidemiology Dehydration, particularly from gastroenteritis, is a common pediatric complaint in the ED. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In double heterozygosis for Hb S and C (SC disease) dehydration is the determining factor in disease pathophysiology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Variations in serum sodium reflect the composition of the fluids lost and have different pathophysiologic effects, as follows: Isonatremic (isotonic) dehydration occurs when the lost fluid is similar in sodium concentration to the blood. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Abstract Dehydration and poor weight gain in breastfed infants are common but potentially preventable problems. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Preventing dehydration is one step to avoid these conditions. [medicinenet.com]