The first case involved a 22-year-old patient who presented with depressed skull fracture overlying the posterior third of the SSS. Symptoms of BIH developed within 48 h. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Dog Bite

  The necessity of searching for skull fractures in children following dog bites in this region is emphasized. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Localized Edema

  However, local edema subsides usually after few days once active phase of injury is over [ 9 ]. Conclusion We conclude that, at times mild head injury can manifest as depressed skull fracture. [panafrican-med-journal.com]

• Dyspepsia

  FOCAL NEUROLOGICAL DEFICITS 1) Dyspepsia [impairment of speech, consisting of lack of coordination and failure to arrange words in their proper order due to a central lesion of the brain. 2) Visual field defects [e.g. dark spots or scotomas in the visual [sacramentoinjuryattorneysblog.com]

• Altered Mental Status

  All had significant head trauma with altered mental status and a Glasgow Coma Score of 3-12. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  All had significant head trauma with altered mental status and a Glasgow Coma Score of 3–12. [karger.com]

  mental status, or concern for NAT Consult Neurosurgery and hopitalize. [ Addioui, 2016 ] Sometimes, unfortunately, the skull fracture is not due to Gravity, but rather something more sinister. [pedemmorsels.com]

  Therefore, basic guidelines as to when to seek medical care can include the following: Altered mental status. The child is not acting or behaving normally for that child. [emedicinehealth.com]

  mental status, clinical evidence of basilar skull fracture). [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Dysphasia

  The patient was well at follow up three months later, with a mild expressive dysphasia which had resolved at a 12 month follow up. [emj.bmj.com]

• Neurologic Manifestation

  Further, as in our case, initially there were no associated neurological manifestations of injury, so depressed fractures may be missed if radiological investigations are not done. [panafrican-med-journal.com]

Hence, all of the potential complications listed are associated with a graver prognosis if the primary fracture is missed during the diagnostic workup. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Periostal Elevation

  Elevation of the depression was therefore made through a small incision along the rear edge of the frontal bone using a periosteal elevator. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Epileptiform Activity

  None of the patients developed neurological deficits, cosmetic deformity or electroencephalographic signs of epileptiform activity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Staphylococcus Aureus

  Staphylococcus aureus was isolated following culture of the pus. The patient improved clinically, and postoperative CT showed resolution of the abscess. He was discharged after completion of a 21 day course of intravenous antibiotics. [emj.bmj.com]

• Clostridium Perfringens

  Two cases of Clostridium perfringens infection occurring less than 24 hours after compound depressed skull fracture are reported. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pseudomonas

  Epidermidis, and Pseudomonas) - Anticonvulsants : The 2016 Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines recommend phenytoin to decrease incidence of early post-traumatic seizures. There is insufficient evidence to recommend levetiracetam over phenytoin. [emdaily.cooperhealth.org]

The use of surgical treatment for depressed skull fractures that are located over major venous sinuses is a matter of controversy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There were both cosmetic and neurological concerns and we found no clear consensus on appropriate treatment and prognosis in the literature we had available. 2015 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment and prognosis There are a number of indications for operative management, this include 2-4 : dural breach, increased risk if 5mm depression from inner table depression 5-10 mm significant intracranial hemorrhage frontal sinus involvement significant [radiopaedia.org]

[…] intracerebral bleeds may be present Differential Diagnosis Sutures are symmetrical and have well-corticated margins Treatment Depressed skull fractures usually require elevation of the depressed fragment when it is depressed deeper than the adjacent inner table Prognosis [learningradiology.com]

The type of basilar fracture will help decide the patient’s prognosis and treatment plan. Depressed Skull Fractures When a high-energy blunt force strikes a small surface of the skull, it can result in a depressed skull fracture. [kitaylaw.com]

Epidemiology of head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996 ; 60 : 362 –9. Ommaya AK, Genarrelli TA. Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness: correlation of experimental and clinical observations on blunt head injuries. [emj.bmj.com]

Epidemiology of head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996; 60:362?9. This article on PubMed Golfinos, JG, Cooper, PR. Skull fracture and post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula. In: Head Injury - 4th edition. [panafrican-med-journal.com]

Fractures in Children: Epidemiology and Activity – Specific Fracture Rates. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2013 Apr 03;95(7). CONTINUE SCROLLING FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW [medicinenet.com]

Pathophysiology of iatrogenic and traumatic skull base injury. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;74:12-23. doi: 10.1159/000342264. Epub 2012 Dec 18. Review. PubMed PMID: 23257548. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Serious cases usually result in death Pathophysiology [ edit ] A basilar skull fracture as seen on CT Diagram showing bones that may be involved in a basilar skull fracture Basilar skull fractures include breaks in the posterior skull base or anterior [en.wikipedia.org]

Pathophysiology of head injury Most head injuries result from blunt trauma, as distinct from a penetrating wound of the skull and brain caused by missiles or sharp objects. [surgwiki.com]

This clinical and experimental examination should aid in preventing head injuries in skiing accidents because head injuries are mostly the result of depressed fractures, accompanied by brain contusions or hematomas. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Some of these complications can be prevented by good management, which must be based on awareness of the implications of this type of injury. [sacramentoinjuryattorneysblog.com]