In other words, 18.1% of the anti-VEGF and 10.6% of the DEX-implant fall into category 0, which indicates that a higher portion of anti-VEGF patients had fewer comorbidities ( table 1 ). [bmjopen.bmj.com]

As a consequence of recent rigorous clinical trials, laser photocoagulation is no longer recommended for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has emerged as first-line therapy. [karger.com]

Diffuse edema is caused by extensive capillary leakage, whereas localized edema is caused by focal leakage from grouped MAs. [karger.com]

Medical therapy Strict control of diabetes, [1] hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia Diet Modification Weight Loss Exercise Medical follow-up After laser treatment, the follow-up examination is at three months. [eyewiki.aao.org]

They have been associated with peripheral edema, pulmonary edema, and/or congestive heart failure, especially when used in combination with insulin. [ijo.in]

In hypertension, DME and retinal hemorrhages are thought to be influenced by the increased perfusion pressure in retinal vessels. 16 For every 10 mm Hg increase in blood pressure over 160 mm Hg, the risk of DME increases by 25%. 17 Dyslipidemia contributes [mdedge.com]

This may be beneficial to subjects since frequent intravitreal injections may result in local ocular complications such as endophthalmitis, retinal hemorrhage, retinal detachment and patient noncompliance[ 148, 149 ]. [wjgnet.com]

Retinal hemorrhages are another important manifestation of DR and are found throughout the fundus (Fig. 1 ) They may be flame-shaped, if located in the nerve fiber layer, or dot or blot-like, if located in the middle layers of the retina. [karger.com]

Cotton wool spots represent focal areas of retinal ischemia. Nonproliferative disease progresses to proliferative retinopathy when neovascularization develops. [mdedge.com]

Soft exudates, otherwise termed cotton wool spots, arise when there is a block in the flow of axoplasm in the retinal nerve fiber layer which occurs due to focal ischemia. [karger.com]

Several studies have reported bevacizumab to significantly improve macula edema and restore vision atleast partially in DME subjects[ 83 - 89 ]. [wjgnet.com]

Eyes with significant media opacities that can result in poor OCT signal were excluded (corneal opacity, cataract, intravitreal haemorrhage…). [omicsonline.org]