A clinical description of the disease is then presented and variations in India from the standard description are highlighted. [books.google.com]

Bone growth difficulties are present in four of five children. One child has delayed menarche. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The reason for this correlation is not known at present. [jpgmonline.com]

Activated charcoal, combined with a cathartic, is also indicated in most poisonings presenting within 60 minutes of ingestion. [aafp.org]

Twelve hours after she presented, a breathing tube was inserted and she was placed on a ventilator. [poison.org]

• Weakness

  and nervous system Symptoms: Internal Exposure: Headache, weakness, nausea, excessive sweating External Exposure: Highly irritating to skin, eyes, nose, and throat Chronic Exposure: Weight loss, weakness, anemia Chemical Family: Chlorophenoxy Pesticides [articles.extension.org]

  Breathing may become difficult, and muscles twitch and become weak. Rarely, shortness of breath or muscle weakness is fatal. [msdmanuals.com]

  Nicotinic effects Skeletal muscle initially exhibits fasciculation (involuntary irregular, violent muscle contractions) followed by the inability to repolarize cell membranes resulting in weakness and paralysis. [openanesthesia.org]

  Small pupils (unreactive to light) Tearing, increased Heart and blood circulation Low or high blood pressure Slow or rapid heart rate Convulsions Lungs Breathing difficulty Chest tightness Nervous system Anxiety Coma Dizziness Excitability Headache Weakness [indiatoday.intoday.in]

  The symptoms can progress to vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, muscle twitching, weakness, tremor, a lack of coordination and miosis. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Unconsciousness

  In the rest of the cases, death was due either to unrelieved pulmonary oedema or to respiratory paralysis with irreversible brain damage/unconsciousness setting in before or soon after admission. [jpgmonline.com]

  Severe or Acute Poisoning fever, intense thirst, increased rate of breathing, vomiting, uncontrollable muscle twitches, pinpoint pupils, convulsions, inability to breathe, unconsciousness. [articles.extension.org]

  Do not induce vomiting if the victim is unconscious, because the victim could choke. First aid for some swallowed pesticides includes giving activated charcoal after vomiting. [extension.missouri.edu]

• Fatigue

  Headache, fatigue, soreness in joints, irritation of nose and throat. Yes. Fever, intense thirst, vomiting, muscle twitches, pinpoint pupils, unconsciousness. Yes. [articles.extension.org]

  Victims may also have symptoms of anemia, including fatigue. If poisoning is severe, the victim may progress to shock and death. Zinc phosphide Poisonings by ingested zinc phosphide are extremely difficult to manage. [extension.missouri.edu]

• Swelling

  Garlic odor on breath and feces External Exposure: Swelling of mouth and throat, irritating to nose, throat, and eyes Chronic Exposure: Accumulates in body. [articles.extension.org]

• Respiratory Distress

  Intubation may be necessary in cases of respiratory distress due to laryngospasm, bronchospasm, bronchorrhea, or seizures. Immediate aggressive use of atropine may eliminate the need for intubation. [openanesthesia.org]

  Methyl bromide Exposure to methyl bromide is severely irritating to the lower respiratory tract, sometimes causing fluid buildup in the lungs, hemorrhage or pneumonia. The onset of respiratory distress may be delayed 4 to 12 hours after exposure. [extension.missouri.edu]

• Sputum

  Blood, urine, stool, sputum, and CSF cultures were negative. The patient was extubated on the third day after admission, only to require reintubation for hypoxic respiratory failure. Pupillary miosis, copious secretions, and diarrhoea were noted. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Vomiting

  Severe or Acute Poisoning fever, intense thirst, increased rate of breathing, vomiting, uncontrollable muscle twitches, pinpoint pupils, convulsions, inability to breathe, unconsciousness. [articles.extension.org]

  Do not induce vomiting if the victim is unconscious, because the victim could choke. First aid for some swallowed pesticides includes giving activated charcoal after vomiting. [extension.missouri.edu]

  Acute symptoms in the family members included headaches, nausea, skin irritation, runny nose, and vomiting. The family was first evaluated at 3 months and then 3 years after the acute poisoning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Poisoning can occur with a broad range of symptoms affecting the functioning of nerves and initial symptoms similar to the flu such as vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Convulsions Lungs Breathing difficulty Chest tightness Nervous system Anxiety Coma Dizziness Excitability Headache Weakness Tremor Twitching Skin Irritation Redness Sweating Stomach and gastrointestinal tract Abdominal cramps Diarrhea Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting [indiatoday.intoday.in]

• Nausea

  Mild Poisoning or Early Symptoms of Acute Poisoning headache, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, restlessness, nervousness, perspiration, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, loss of weight, thirst, moodiness, soreness in joints, skin irritation, eye irritation [articles.extension.org]

  Acute symptoms in the family members included headaches, nausea, skin irritation, runny nose, and vomiting. The family was first evaluated at 3 months and then 3 years after the acute poisoning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Convulsions Lungs Breathing difficulty Chest tightness Nervous system Anxiety Coma Dizziness Excitability Headache Weakness Tremor Twitching Skin Irritation Redness Sweating Stomach and gastrointestinal tract Abdominal cramps Diarrhea Loss of appetite Nausea [indiatoday.intoday.in]

  If ingested, boric acid can cause nausea, persistent vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. [extension.missouri.edu]

  Antiemetic suppository for nausea Administered by nasogastric tube if unable to tolerate or unable to swallow Protect airway if hydrocarbon-containing pesticide or unknown pesticide contents. [aafp.org]

• Abdominal Pain

  Poisoning can occur with a broad range of symptoms affecting the functioning of nerves and initial symptoms similar to the flu such as vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Internal Exposure: Weakness, shaking, vomiting, cough, difficulty in breathing, intense thirst External Exposure: Irritates eyes, nose, and throat Chronic Exposure: Pain in eyes and nose; nosebleeds; abdominal pain Chemical Family: Metal Phosphides [articles.extension.org]

  If ingested, boric acid can cause nausea, persistent vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. [extension.missouri.edu]

• Blood in Stool

  Blood, urine, stool, sputum, and CSF cultures were negative. The patient was extubated on the third day after admission, only to require reintubation for hypoxic respiratory failure. Pupillary miosis, copious secretions, and diarrhoea were noted. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Muscle Twitch

  Moderate Poisoning or Early Symptoms of Acute Poisoning nausea, diarrhea, excessive saliva, stomach cramps, excessive perspiration, trembling, no muscle coordination, muscle twitches, extreme weakness, mental confusion, blurred vision, difficulty in breathing [articles.extension.org]

  Twitching SKIN Blue lips and fingernails Sweating STOMACH AND GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT Abdominal cramps Diarrhea Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Call the poison control center for appropriate treatment instructions. [medlineplus.gov]

  Breathing may become difficult, and muscles twitch and become weak. Rarely, shortness of breath or muscle weakness is fatal. [msdmanuals.com]

  twitching, respiratory and/or cardiovascular depression, death Dx Hx, signs and Sx, acetylchoinesterase in RBCs and serum, which falls to ≤ 50% of normal; signs and Sx of organophosphate poisoning occur when acetylcholinesterase has fallen to < 20% of [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  There can be many symptoms, though they may not be as clear-cut in children as they are in adults: blurred vision; tearing and sweating; loss of bowel and bladder control; difficulty breathing, as the airway may fill with fluid; tremors, muscle twitching [poison.org]

• Muscle Weakness

  Breathing may become difficult, and muscles twitch and become weak. Rarely, shortness of breath or muscle weakness is fatal. [msdmanuals.com]

  Nicotinic effects Skeletal muscle initially exhibits fasciculation (involuntary irregular, violent muscle contractions) followed by the inability to repolarize cell membranes resulting in weakness and paralysis. [openanesthesia.org]

  […] junctions, autonomic ganglia—twitching, tachycardia, muscle weakness (nicotinic effects); peripheral cholinergic neuroeffector unctions— “all faucets on”— sweating, salivation, diarrhea, tearing (muscarinic effects); miosis (pinpoint pupils) most commonly [aafp.org]

  Moderate Poisoning or Early Symptoms of Acute Poisoning nausea, diarrhea, excessive saliva, stomach cramps, excessive perspiration, trembling, no muscle coordination, muscle twitches, extreme weakness, mental confusion, blurred vision, difficulty in breathing [articles.extension.org]

• Lacrimation

  Signs and Symptoms Muscarinic signs (SLUDGE) salivation, lacrimation, urination, diaphoresis, gastrointestinal upset, emesis and progressing to bronchospasm, bronchorrhea, blurred vision, bradycardia or tachycardia, hypotension, confusion, and shock. [openanesthesia.org]

  […] chlordane–little used due to long-term persistence in environment, and cholinesterase inhibitors–either organophosphates–esters of phosphoric acid or thiophosphoric acid, carbamates–synthetic derivatives of carbamic acid Clinical Drooling, defecation, lacrimation [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  The initial symptoms of humans are nausea, dizziness, salivation, headache, sweating, lacrimation, and rhinorrhea. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Strabismus

  J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1982 ; 19 : 318 –19. ↵ Hata S, Bernstein E, Davis LE. Atypical ocular bobbing in acute organophosphate poisoning. Arch Neurol 1986 ; 43 : 185 –6. ↵ Wadia RS, Sadagopan C, Amin RB, et al. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Suggestibility

  Our patient’s constellation of eye findings suggests that saccadic control may be mediated in part by acetylcholine. [jnnp.bmj.com]

  Biomarkers in blood samples also suggest oxidative stress was experienced by all subjects when compared to the control group. Although not a conclusive link, a known risk of exposure to insecticides is disturbance to the anti-oxidant defense system. [news-medical.net]

  They suggested that there was a correlation between physiological and behavioral changes in fish as well as in mammals. [scialert.net]

  […] poisoning by these agents. [9], [11] In addition to this, various reports of ingestion of OPC with suicidal intent are available. [4], [7], [11] Not rarely, a patient of OPC poisoning dies suddenly after an initial apparently good clinical recovery, suggesting [jpgmonline.com]

  Skin decontamination by thorough washing with soap and water is suggested; vitamin E oil preparations are effective in preventing and treating paresthesias; corn oil and petrolatum are less effective. Seizures controlled with benzodiazepines. [aafp.org]

• Headache

  Headache, fatigue, soreness in joints, irritation of nose and throat. Yes. Fever, intense thirst, vomiting, muscle twitches, pinpoint pupils, unconsciousness. Yes. [articles.extension.org]

  Acute symptoms in the family members included headaches, nausea, skin irritation, runny nose, and vomiting. The family was first evaluated at 3 months and then 3 years after the acute poisoning. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] and throat Small pupils (unreactive to light) Tearing, increased Heart and blood circulation Low or high blood pressure Slow or rapid heart rate Convulsions Lungs Breathing difficulty Chest tightness Nervous system Anxiety Coma Dizziness Excitability Headache [indiatoday.intoday.in]

  THROAT Increased salivation Increased tears in the eyes Small or dilated pupils that do not react to light HEART AND BLOOD Low or high blood pressure Slow or rapid heart rate Weakness NERVOUS SYSTEM Agitation Anxiety Coma Confusion Convulsions Dizziness Headache [medlineplus.gov]

  The signs and symptoms of Diazinon Poisoning may include: Nausea, vomiting, cramping of stomach/abdomen Chest pain or tightness Breathing difficulties; absence of breathing Headaches Irregular heart-rate Increased or decreased blood pressure (hypertension [dovemed.com]

• Dizziness

  Mild Poisoning or Early Symptoms of Acute Poisoning headache, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, restlessness, nervousness, perspiration, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, loss of weight, thirst, moodiness, soreness in joints, skin irritation, eye irritation [articles.extension.org]

  Symptoms Eyes, ears, nose, and throat Small pupils (unreactive to light) Tearing, increased Heart and blood circulation Low or high blood pressure Slow or rapid heart rate Convulsions Lungs Breathing difficulty Chest tightness Nervous system Anxiety Coma Dizziness [indiatoday.intoday.in]

  AND THROAT Increased salivation Increased tears in the eyes Small or dilated pupils that do not react to light HEART AND BLOOD Low or high blood pressure Slow or rapid heart rate Weakness NERVOUS SYSTEM Agitation Anxiety Coma Confusion Convulsions Dizziness [medlineplus.gov]

  High doses can kill people or cause neurological problems such as dizziness, headache, weakness, muscle paralysis and nausea, according to the federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. [articles.latimes.com]

  Poisoning can occur with a broad range of symptoms affecting the functioning of nerves and initial symptoms similar to the flu such as vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Vertigo

  Symptoms are as follows: Colic Diarrhea and/or vomiting Vertigo Headaches Miosis Bradycardia Sudden drop in blood pressure Convulsion Apnea Lethal Dose Observations LD 50 214 mg•kg−1 (human, oral, TD Lo ) (2,3) 66 mg•kg−1 (rat, oral, LD 50 ) (2,4) 17 [en.wikipedia.org]

• Upbeat Nystagmus

  Primary position upbeat nystagmus with organophosphate poisoning. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1982 ; 19 : 318 –19. ↵ Hata S, Bernstein E, Davis LE. Atypical ocular bobbing in acute organophosphate poisoning. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Ocular Flutter

  On the basis of clinical observation the saccadic oscillations were presumed to be opsoclonus and ocular flutter. [jnnp.bmj.com]

See Workup. Treatment begins with decontamination. Airway control and oxygenation are paramount. The mainstays of pharmacological therapy include atropine, pralidoxime (2-PAM), and benzodiazepines (eg, diazepam). [emedicine.medscape.com]

If the person is not decontaminated before getting to the hospital, emergency room personnel will decontaminate the person and provide other treatment. [medlineplus.gov]

Prolonged treatment often is needed to reverse the poisoning, including intensive care hospitalization and long-term therapy. Some toxicity may persist for weeks or months, or even longer. References Robey WC III, Meggs WJ. [indiatoday.intoday.in]

Among individuals with alcohol and diazinon poisoning, following the treatment, the serum PChE levels were raised comparatively on 1st day. The value is 100 µmol/ml. [ijbcp.com]

These are lower-toxicity pesticides used variously for home and garden pest control, veterinary treatments, agricultural pest control, and even treatment of head lice. [poison.org]

The clinical relevance of these changes to prognosis is not yet clear. This study was therefore, undertaken to evaluate the importance of ECG changes to the ultimate prognosis in OPC poisoning. [jpgmonline.com]

The prognosis of Diazinon Poisoning is dependent on the amount of substance consumed, time between consumption and treatment, severity of the symptoms, as well as general health status of the patient If the individual can recover from the symptoms within [dovemed.com]

Pseudo cholinesterase activity as a guide to prognosis in malnutrition. American J clini pathol. 1973;50:712-6. Kar NC, Pearson CM. Cholinesterase and esterase activity in normal and dystrophic muscle biochemical. Colorimetric methods of analysis. [ijbcp.com]

Prognosis Prognosis depends on the specific chemical of exposure, magnitude and time of exposure, progression of symptoms (severity), and onset for medical attention. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

[…] through a vein (IV) Irrigation (washing of the skin and eyes), perhaps every few hours for several days Medicine (antidote) to reverse the effects of the poison Tube through the mouth into the stomach to wash out the stomach ( gastric lavage ) Outlook (Prognosis [indiatoday.intoday.in]

Each chapter begins with a shot historical account of the disease, followed by a critical evaluation of the epidemiological and/or hospital based data. This is then compared with the data of other global populations. [books.google.com]

Methods Statistics Trigonometry Medical & Nursing Anatomy Anesthesiology Audiology Bacteriology Biochemistry Bioethics Biomedical Science Cardiology Cardiovascular Childbirth Chiropractic Dentistry Dermatology Diagnostic Imaging Drugs Endocrinology Epidemiology [brainscape.com]

Although most patients rapidly become symptomatic, the onset and severity of symptoms depend on the specific compound, amount, route of exposure, and rate of metabolic degradation. [5] Epidemiology Frequency United States In 2016, the American Association [emedicine.medscape.com]

Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. 23 (2): 190–196. doi : 10.1038/jes.2012.71. ISSN 1559-0631. PMID 22805989. [en.wikipedia.org]

These have included difficulties in executive functions, psychomotor speed, verbal, memory, attention, processing speed, visual-spatial functioning, and coordination. [4] Pathophysiology The primary mechanism of action of organophosphate pesticides is [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevent Bee Poisoning Bees are essential for the pollination of most trees, small fruits and flowering field crops. [omafra.gov.on.ca]

Prevention Adherence to accepted guidelines for handling and management is the key to preventing insecticide poisoning. These may include masks, gowns, gloves, goggles, respiratory breathing machines, or hazardous material suits. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Primary prevention is the appropriate method of protecting eyes from pesticide-related damage. This includes improved eye safety and care in workplaces, and effective pesticide regulation for maintenance of public eye health. [link.springer.com]

You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible. [indiatoday.intoday.in]