Case Presentation A 28 year old man without prior medical history presented to a cardiologist’s office with 5 days of diaphoresis, shortness of breath, fatigue and subjective fevers. [omicsonline.org]

We present two cases of DNP toxicity that were treated with dantrolene. Case 1 A 22-year-old male presented following an overdose of his bodybuilding supplements including DNP. He became altered, tachycardic, and hyperthermic to 40.0C. [em-consulte.com]

Articles GC Analysis of Phenols in Water on a 5% Phenyl Column after SPME using 85 μm Polyacrylate Fiber From our library of Articles, Sigma-Aldrich presents GC Analysis of Phenols in Water on a 5% Phenyl Column after SPME using 85 μm Polyacrylate Fiber [sigmaaldrich.com]

A child presenting in a coma proved later to have been exposed to a toxic agent. The agent, dinitrophenol, is a widely used agricultural herbicide and insecticide. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  OBJECTIVE: To study metabolic characteristics of fever in rats induced by 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and the effect of Huanglianjiedu Tang (HLJDT) on the fever. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Here we report a case of inadvertent DNP toxicity in a young man presenting with shortness of breath and fever. [omicsonline.org]

  Dinitrophenol poisoning: a diagnosis to consider in undiagnosed fever. Southern Medical Journal. 1982;75(2): 182–4 [3] Miranda, McIntyre, Parker, Gary & Logan. Two deaths attributed to the use of 2,4-dinitrophenol. [dopinglinkki.fi]

• Fatigue

  Case Presentation A 28 year old man without prior medical history presented to a cardiologist’s office with 5 days of diaphoresis, shortness of breath, fatigue and subjective fevers. [omicsonline.org]

  Some of the toxic effects caused by DNP include severe nausea, vomiting, fatigue, a feeling of suffocation and respiratory problems, perspiration, a high fever, an increased heart rate, cardiac chest pain, headaches, restlessness, and convulsions [1, [dopinglinkki.fi]

  A 27-yr-old lady was admitted to accident and emergency complaining of fatigue, nausea, and excessive sweating. She admitted to starting a new diet tablet (bought over the internet) a week before her admission. [bja.oxfordjournals.org]

  DNP Side Effects Poisoning symptoms caused by DNP can be severe nausea, vomiting, fatigue, difficulty in breathing and difficulty breathing, sweating, high fever, increased heart rate, chest pain that results from heart, headache, restlessness and cramps [theironden.com]

• Rigor

  In cases of severe toxicity, death may be followed by prompt rigor mortis. [bja.oxfordjournals.org]

  They found the chemicals caused a rise in temperature, stimulated respiration, and hastened the onset of rigor mortis upon death. As a result, these dyes were banned in a number of countries, including the United States. [quackwatch.org]

  Rapid-onset hyperthermia and hypercapnea preceding rigor mortis and cardiopulmonary arrest in a DNP overdose ' " (PDF). www.eapcct.org. ^ Holborow, Alexander; Purnell, Richard M; Wong, Jenny Frederina (4 April 2016). [en.wikipedia.org]

• Nausea

  After 43 days of taking DNP, the man showed signs of intoxication with nausea, vomiting, and attacks of sweating. After admission to a hospital where the man concealed his DNP intake, sinus tachycardia, tachypnea, and general unrest were noted. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Short exposure to this compound may result in nausea, vomiting, sweating, dizziness, headaches, and weight loss-- it may also stain the skin yellow. [reciprocalnet.org]

  Toxicology Any of a family of compounds used in weed control and, at one time, for weight control, which may cause death due to the uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in increased body temperature, rapid breathing, tachycardia, nausea [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Clinical Presentation and Treatment of Dinitrophenol Toxicity Presenting symptoms usually include hyperthermia, nausea/vomiting, and diaphoresis. Severe neurological effects such as confusion, agitation, convulsions, and coma are common. [resusreview.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Commonly reported clinical features were fever (47%), tachycardia (43%), sweating (37%), nausea or vomiting (27%), skin discolouration or rash (23%), breathing difficulties (23%), abdominal pain (23%), agitation (13%) and headache (13%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Potential symptoms of overexposure include: marked fatigue, tremendous thirst, profuse sweating, flushing of face, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, restlessness, anxiety, excitement, rise in body temperature, tachycardia, hyperpnoea, dyspnoea [tga.gov.au]

• Yellow Discoloration of the Skin

  Prolonged peripheral neuritis has been reported, often affecting the hands and feet and associated with skin changes [ 11, 43, 44 ]. A common complaint is that of yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera and urine [ 45, 46, 47, 48 ]. [link.springer.com]

• Headache

  In man the classic syndrome consists of lassitude, malaise, headache, increased perspiration, thirst, and dyspnea which may progress to hyperpyrexia, profound weight loss, respiratory failure, and death. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Short exposure to this compound may result in nausea, vomiting, sweating, dizziness, headaches, and weight loss-- it may also stain the skin yellow. [reciprocalnet.org]

  Adverse effects The poisonous effects caused by DNP include, among others, harsh nausea, vomiting, exhaustion, feeling like being suffocated and having breathing problems, sweating, high fever, increase in heart rate, heart originated chest pain, headaches [dopinglinkki.fi]

• Increased Basal Metabolic Rate

  As the dose increases and energy production is made more inefficient, metabolic rate increases (and more fat is burned) in order to compensate for the inefficiency and to meet energy demands. [en.wikipedia.org]

Two died within 3 h after admission, while the other 14 responded to supportive treatment and hemoperfusion. Clinical features and treatment of the patients were retrospectively analyzed and presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment is almost exclusively aggressive support cares. Fluid resuscitation Cooling for correction of hyperthermia Sedation Airway control From a physiology mechanism, treatment with dantrolene would seem to offer benefit. [resusreview.com]

The etiology of mitochondrial disease is poorly understood. Furthermore, treatment options are limited, and diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity to detect disease in its early stages. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The epidemiological features of the cataracts suggest an idiosyncratic reaction more than toxicity. There has been renewed interest in the use of 2,4-Dinitrophenol as a 'fat burner' among body builders. [tga.gov.au]

We review the pathophysiology of DNP toxicity and argue that the use of dantrolene therapy is biochemically implausible, based on poor evidence and likely to be futile. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Based on the underlying pathophysiological principles and previous experience, it would be advisable to avoid the use of salicylates as it may worsen the DNP-related toxidrome [ 77, 78 ]. [link.springer.com]

In addition, the depletion of GSH content in DNP-treated cells was prevented by all of caspase inhibitors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]