The specific treatment (diphtheria antitoxin) was not useful in our child as the child presented 4 wk after diphtheria infection. This case report will increase the awareness of sporadic occurrence of a rare disease among fellow pediatricians. [content.iospress.com]

Each entry follows a 5 section structure that will cover (1) essential features of the disorder (2) physiological basis of the disorder (3) neuropsychological and other clinical presentation (4) assessment and diagnostic practices (5) evidence-based treatments [books.google.de]

Limb muscle weakness was present in 94%. Respiratory muscles were involved in 85.4% cases and 60.4% required mechanical ventilation, while 14.6% had fatal outcome and 10.4% had hypoxic neurological injury. Boys were affected more. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report an instructive case of diphtheritic polyneuropathy that provides an opportunity to review its typical presentation and management. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Congestive Heart Failure

  Cardiac involvement, either acutely in the form of cardiovascular collapse or as an arrhythmia or more chronically in the form of congestive heart failure, is the most common threat to life in diphtheria. [histopathology-india.net]

• Pertussis

  The diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine can prevent diphtheria, but its protection does not last forever. Children need another dose, or booster, at about age 12. Then, as adults, they should get a booster every 10 years. [icdlist.com]

  Answers Teaching Points Click Your Answer Below Childhood vaccine is included with pertussis and tetanus Tenacious gray pseudomembranes on pharynx and tonsils forms Myocarditis is a complication All of the above Would you like to access teaching points [knowledge.statpearls.com]

  In the United States for example, there were 52 reported cases of diphtheria between 1980 and 2000; between 2000 and 2007 there were only three cases [6] as the DPT ( Diphtheria– Pertussis – Tetanus ) vaccine is recommended for all school-age children [ourmed.org]

  In the United States for example, there were 52 reported cases of diphtheria between 1980 and 2000; between 2000 and 2007 there were only three cases [ 5 ] as the DPT ( Diphtheria– Pertussis – Tetanus ) vaccine is recommended for all school-age children [dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr]

  Although diphtheria is preventable by vaccination, only 24% of countries worldwide reached the targeted >80% routine coverage of all districts for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) vaccine in 2011 ( 4 ). [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

• Nausea

  Autonomic symptoms ANOREXIA,NAUSEA,VOMITING-GASTROPARESIS BLADDER,BOWEL,SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION HEAT INTOLERANCE SWEATING-INCREASED/DECREASED FAINTING SPELLS ORTHOSTATIC LIGHT HEADEDNESS 11. [slideshare.net]

  Children infected have symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, chills, and a high fever, although some do not show symptoms until the infection has progressed further. [ourmed.org]

  Side effects include nausea, diarrhoea, rash, leucopenia, altered liver function (requiring long term blood monitoring), infection, and a theoretical risk of neoplasia. [healthdocbox.com]

• Vomiting

  He is of short stature and has not been able to eat due to progressive vomiting. On examination, strength is normal, but he is hyporeflexic. [brainscape.com]

  Autonomic symptoms ANOREXIA,NAUSEA,VOMITING-GASTROPARESIS BLADDER,BOWEL,SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION HEAT INTOLERANCE SWEATING-INCREASED/DECREASED FAINTING SPELLS ORTHOSTATIC LIGHT HEADEDNESS 11. [slideshare.net]

  Children infected have symptoms that include nausea, vomiting, chills, and a high fever, although some do not show symptoms until the infection has progressed further. [ourmed.org]

• Hypertension

  Loss of function “- symptoms” Disturbed function “+ symptoms” Autonomic nerves ↓ Sweating Hypotension Urinary retention Impotence Vascular color changes ↑ Sweating Hypertension The clinical response to autonomic nerve injury 8.  By far the majority of [slideshare.net]

  We usually recommend starting treatment with oral prednisolone in patients for whom there are no contraindications (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, ulcer history). If it is not effective we use IVIg, followed by PE. [healthdocbox.com]

  Autonomic disturbances are also common, may be severe, and are sometimes life-threatening; they include tachycardia, cardiac irregularities, hypotension or hypertension ( high blood pressure ), facial flushing, abnormalities of sweating, pulmonary dysfunction [advances-in-medicine.net]

  On exam, he is tachycardic, hypertensive, and febrile. He appears delirious. His arms are weak, sensation is relatively preserved, and he is areflexic. His wife relates that he had similar episodes before, when he was in the military. [brainscape.com]

• Muscle Weakness

  Of the children, 52% had palatal palsy whereas 48% had limb weakness initially. Median duration of progression of weakness was five days. Limb muscle weakness was present in 94%. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Neuroimmunology Neuralgic amyotrophy Neuralgic amyotrophy is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by severe and sudden-onset forequarter region pain and forequarter muscle weakness and wasting. [medlink.com]

  The most common symptom of damage to peripheral motor nerves is muscle weakness, whereas other symptoms may include cramps, muscle loss, bone degeneration, and fasciculations (Andreoli, 2007). [search.credoreference.com]

  Twenty per cent of patients with DP required artificial ventilation for an average of 27 (range 3–64) days and another 10% had milder respiratory muscle weakness. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Withdrawn

  […] the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application 2006-01-11 122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase 2006-10-24 NENP Non-entry into the national phase in: Ref country code : JP 2006-10-24 WWW Wipo information: withdrawn [google.ch]

• Peripheral Neuropathy

  Features of Textbook of Peripheral Neuropathy Include : ̈ Practical yet comprehensiveóan accessible ìgo-toî reference for clinicians ̈ Covers all clinically relevant peripheral neuropathies ̈ Clinical Pearls and Key Points are set off from the text for [books.google.com]

  This chapter discusses the clinical approach to a patient suspected of having a peripheral neuropathy, as well as specific neuropathies, including hereditary and acquired neuropathies. The inflammatory neuropathies are discussed in Chap. 460. [accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com]

  (nerve damage), peripheral, disease related Neuropathy due to vitamin B12 deficiency Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy Peripheral nerve disorder due to vit B12 deficiency Peripheral neuropathy due to B12 deficiency Peripheral neuropathy due to vitamin B12 [icd9data.com]

  APPROACH FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY The goal of the investigation of peripheral neuropathy is to establish the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy, determine if it is an axonal or demyelinative process, and find its cause. [neuropathology-web.org]

  GBS • Porphyria • Diphtheria • Botulism • Lead • Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Approach for the Investigation of peripheral Neuropathy The goal of the investigation of peripheral neuropathy is to 1. [orion-group.net]

• Guillain-Barré Syndrome

  Diphtheritic neuropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome in nonvaccinated patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Diphtheritic neuropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome in nonvaccinated patients. Muscle Nerve. 1995 Dec;18(12):1460-3. Case Reports [prohealth.com]

  Nerve conduction and CSF findings are similar to those in Guillain-Barré syndrome. [jnnp.bmj.com]

  They are caused by inflammation from activities of the immune system and include acute idiopathic polyneuropathy (Guillain–Barré syndrome) and chronic inflammatory demelinating polyneuropathy (see the entries on Guillain-Barré syndrome and Chronic Inflammatory [search.credoreference.com]

  It is possible but unlikely that these case-patients had Guillain-Barré syndrome, poliomyelitis, or other causes of AFP ( 25, 26 ). [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Diagnostic workup consists of confirming infection and neurophysiological evidence of demyelination. Management is conservative with attention paid to respiration and the airway, which may require mechanical ventilation if significantly impaired. [medlink.com]

• Gram-Positive Rods

  Answers Teaching Points Click Your Answer Below Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a gram-positive rod is the causative organism Transmission is only by droplet Neurological and skin manifestations are commonly seen None of the above Would you like to access [knowledge.statpearls.com]

Implement proven integrative treatments for various diseases thanks to an evidence-based therapeutic approach. [books.google.de]

At adequate treatment at 75 – 85% of patients good restoration is observed. [herbalthera.com]

Treatment is begun with a plasma exchange or corticosteroids. [infomeds.net]

She was managed with supportive treatment. The specific treatment (diphtheria antitoxin) was not useful in our child as the child presented 4 wk after diphtheria infection. [content.iospress.com]

Prognosis Recovery from peripheral neuropathy is usually slow. Depending on aetiology patient may fully, partially recovered or patient may develop chronic muscular atrophy if severely affected. [orion-group.net]

However, especially in view of the increasing number of European outbreaks, correct differentiation from Guillain-Barré syndrome (table) and other neuropathies is important because the treatment and prognosis are different and because of the importance [jnnp.bmj.com]

↑ Havaldar, PV; Sankpal MN, Doddannavar RP. (2000). [ Expression error: Missing operand for > "Diphtheritic myocarditis: clinical and laboratory parameters of prognosis and fatal outcome."]. [ourmed.org]

The prognosis is generally poor, but some patients respond to intravenous ganciclovir (2.5 mg/kg every 8 hours for 10 days, then 7.5 mg/kg daily 5 days per week). [advances-in-medicine.net]

^ Havaldar, PV; Sankpal MN, Doddannavar RP. (2000). [ Expression error: Missing operand for > "Diphtheritic myocarditis: clinical and laboratory parameters of prognosis and fatal outcome."]. [dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr]

Reasons of the Diphtheritic polyneuropathy: The etiological agent - a diphtheritic stick (Corynebacterium diphtheriae). [en.medicalmed.de]

Despite an extensive evaluation, in approximately half of patients, no etiology is ever found; these patients typically have a predominately sensory polyneuropathy and have been labeled as having idiopathic or cryptogenic sensory polyneuropathy (CSPN) [accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com]

Careful history taking with attention to family history, environmental exposure, and systemic illness, combined with neurological examination and laboratory studies can determine the etiology in most of the cases. [orion-group.net]

 ETIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION  1.metabolic-DM,amyloidosis,porphyria  2.infections-leprosy,HIV,CMV,syphilis,  diphtheria,lymedisease  3.immune- GBS,CIDN,MMN  4.hereditary-CMT  5.Toxic-drugs,alcohol,heavymetals  6.vasculitis-PAN,CSS,cryoglobulinemia [slideshare.net]

Careful history taking with attention to family history, environmental exposure, and systemic illness, combined with neurological examination and laboratory studies can determine the etiology in most peripheral neuropathies. [neuropathology-web.org]

Epidemiology Diphtheria is a serious disease, with fatality rates between 5% and 10%. [ourmed.org]

The committee uses no specific algorithm or diagnostic criteria for every case but comes to a consensus on the most likely diagnosis on the basis of clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic data. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Clinical presentation of the neuropathies depends upon the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms and the anatomical location of the nerve damage. [search.credoreference.com]

Rapidly find the answers you need with separate sections on diseases and disorders, differential diagnosis, clinical algorithms, laboratory results, and clinical preventive services, plus an at-a-glance format that uses cross-references, outlines, bullets [books.google.de]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diphtheria (Medical Encyclopedia) [ Read More ] [icdlist.com]

Khera) Cite This Article Abstract Diphtheritic polyneuropathy is a vaccine-preventable illness caused by exotoxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Diphtheria. in: Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (The Pink Book) (10 ed.). [ourmed.org]