Symptoma

Diprosopus

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We report this unusual case occurring in a girl who presented to our hospital at the age of 4 months. Surgery and problems related to this anomaly are discussed. [ukm.pure.elsevier.com]

As previously mentioned, there is a predominance of females over males. [4] However, the case presented here is a male. [wajradiology.org]

Pallor was present. Per abdomen examination revealed that the uterus was relaxed and uterine height was of 24 weeks. Fetal heart rate was absent. [pediatricneurosciences.com]

  • Anemia

    Hemoglobin level was 7.2g/dL, hematocrit was 22%, and peripheral smear showed microcytic hypochromic and normocytic hypochromic red blood cells with normal white blood cells and platelets, giving a picture of dimorphic anemia. [pediatricneurosciences.com]

  • Pallor

    Pallor was present. Per abdomen examination revealed that the uterus was relaxed and uterine height was of 24 weeks. Fetal heart rate was absent. [pediatricneurosciences.com]

  • Malnutrition

    The patient had severe respiratory tract infection and malnutrition. Weight of the baby at birth was 3.4 kg and weight at the time of admission was 2.4 kg. Mother had another girl child of 3 year old and she was healthy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Skeletal Dysplasia

    II: skeletal dysplasias. Am J Med Genet 77(2):116–134 CrossRef PubMed 27. Strauss S, Tamarkin M, Engelberg S, Ben Ami T, Goodman RM (1987) Prenatal sonographic appearance of diprosopus. J Ultrasound Med 6:93–95 CrossRef PubMed 28. [springermedizin.de]

  • Hypertelorism

    Figure 1: Photograph of the child showing duplication of nose, hypertelorism, right upper eyelid coloboma and a cystic swelling near the midline. [jclpca.org]

  • Rabies

    A “three-eyed” infant: A case of partial facial duplication (diprosopus monocephalus triophthalmos) Rabi Sani Yahaya 1, Mohammed Abba Suwaid 2, Sadiq Hassan 1, Yusuf Lawal 2, Ismail Hassan 3, Baffa Adamu Gwaram 4, Hadi Bala Yahaya 5 1 Department of Ophthalmology [wajradiology.org]

  • Polyps

    Stewart C, Hughes LA, Thomson HG, Armstrong D, Forte V (2007) An apparent duplication of the mouth in a patient with midline dysraphism and a teratoid polyp: a 15-year postsurgical follow-up. [springermedizin.de]

Surgical treatment consists in the resection of the duplicated components. Publisher Full Text New Search Next [unboundmedicine.com]

Conclusion: The embryology, classification and indeed treatment remain a matter of speculation. To our knowledge there have been less than 150 reports of diprosopus in the world medical literature. [ajol.info]

Treatment options include surgical repair in selected incomplete variety and management of complications arising out of other anomalies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

1 First report of the occurrence and different types of conjoined twins in common whitefish Coregonus maraena larvae originating from the Baltic Sea. 38 31188131 2019 2 A Case of Diprosopus Tetraophthalmos: Ocular Findings and Surgical Treatment of Exposure [malacards.org]

The surgical management of a complex craniofacial malformation such as diprosopus needs a precise morphological analysis of the patient's deformity followed by a clear treatment plan. [wajradiology.org]

Usually, diprosopus patients are stillborn, however, if not the prognosis is poor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Partial facial duplication is associated with fewer anomalies, and the prognosis is better. [4] The postulated pathogenesis of craniofacial duplication involves bifurcation of the notochord rostrally during early fetal development. [jclpca.org]

Estimation of serum alpha feto protein levels also helps in prenatal diagnosis. [1], [5] The prognosis of the condition depends on the degree of duplication, cases with complete duplication are stillborn (as observed in our case) and those with partial [pediatricneurosciences.com]

The prognosis is poor for the infants with a complete duplication, although the treatment options such as excision of the duplicated parts, which give a normal appearance in partial diprosopus, have been variably successful. [wajradiology.org]

Approximately 36 cases of diprosopus are reported in world literature till date with a few cases from India. [1], [2], [3], [4] The exact etiology of the condition is unknown. [pediatricneurosciences.com]

The etiology is still unknown. The presence of visceral laterality anomalies may indicate the link between diprosopus and the alteration or duplication of the primitive node in the perigastrulation period (12-15 days postfertilization). [unboundmedicine.com]

Jaschevatzky OE, Goldman B, Kampf D, Wexler H, Grünstein S (1980) Etiological aspects of double monsters. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 10(5):343–349 CrossRef PubMed 48. [springermedizin.de]

We hereby present a case of a three-eyed male infant with a hidden fourth socket (diprosopus monocephalus triophthalmos) which is an extremely rare malformation with unknown etiology and reviewed the literature. [wajradiology.org]

[…] images (MRI) and review of the literature. 38 Maruotti GM...Martinelli P 19565608 2009 26 Janiceps conjoined twins with extreme asymmetry: case report with complete autopsy and histopathologic findings. 38 Kastenbaum HA...Ozolek JA 19159129 2009 27 Epidemiological [malacards.org]

Martinez-Frias ML, Bermejo E, Mendioroz J et al (2009) Epidemiological and clinical analysis of a consecutive series of conjoined twins in Spain. J Pediatr Surg 44(4):811–820 CrossRef PubMed 6. [springermedizin.de]