Case Presentation: The first case, 20-year-old female, initially presented to the pediatric endocrinology outpatient care at the age of 9.5 with precocious puberty and obesity since the age of 4 years. [abstracts.eurospe.org]

We present a patient with a putative diagnosis of ROHHAD with complications from her sleep disordered breathing. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

The majority of children (83.3 %) presented with rapid weight gain during early childhood, while one child presented later at 9.5 years of age. The sequence of SDB phenotypes of each patient is shown in Fig. 1. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

Conclusions: Children with ROHHAD may initially present with OSA and only develop NH later as well as dysregulation of breathing during wakefulness. [mendeley.com]

In this paper, we discuss two cases with distinct clinical symptoms who presented for evaluation of obesity. Case Reports Case 1 A 7 years 4 months old girl presented with excessive weight gain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Weakness

  Accumulated physical stresses to the spine may cause weak or insufficiently formed vertebral structures (i.e. pars interarticularis) to break. [coloradospineinstitute.com]

  Weakness is nearly always identified as the main cause of sacroiliac joint pain, so addressing your specific weaknesses is normally highly effective in both the short and long-term relief from SIJ pain. [physioworks.com.au]

  SYMPTOMS Common SI Joint Pain Symptoms Lower back pain (below L5) Sensation in lower extremity: pain, numbness, tingling, weakness Pelvis/buttock pain Hip/groin pain Feeling of leg instability (buckling, giving way) Disturbed sleep patterns due to pain [si-bone.com]

  Pain, weakness, and loss of sensation occur in all or part of an arm or a leg. Electromyography and nerve conduction studies help doctors locate the damage, and magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography helps identify the cause. [merckmanuals.com]

  Numbness or tingling in the leg or feelings of weakness in the leg may also be appreciated. Typically, symptoms are worsened by sitting, standing, sleeping, walking, or climbing stairs, with the pain occurring on the affected side. [belmarrahealth.com]

• Swelling

  Ice may be recommended to help with discomfort and swelling. Gentle massage and heat may also be used to relieve pain. Physical therapy or rehabilitation can help to strengthen the area. [winchesterhospital.org]

  This syndrome includes the hallmark of the disorder, heel pain and swelling, most likely resulting from an inflammation of the insertion of the Achilles tendon or the planter fascia. [neckandback.com]

  Why Kinesiology Tape Helps Reduce Swelling and Bruising Quicker Call PhysioWorks Book Online [physioworks.com.au]

  […] on cyst locations Pain sitting or standing for even short periods of time Pain when sneezing or coughing Inability to empty the bladder or in extreme cases to urinate at all requiring catheterization Bowel or bladder changes, including incontinence Swelling [tarlovcystfoundation.org]

• Severe Pain

  When SI joint dysfunction is severe, pain can refer to the hip, groin, buttocks, and even down the back of the thigh. [spinemd.com]

  Several different types of doctors may treat SI joint pain. [medicinenet.com]

  For example, a patient with disabling back pain with severe pain down the leg and leg weakness who is found to have a herniated disk at the L4-5 level would benefit by surgical removal of the offending herniated disk. [minneapolisclinic.com]

  For patients with severe pain, NSAIDs might need to be taken for long durations of time, or else symptoms will return. [draxe.com]

• Localized Pain

  Injections for Localization of Pain The injections of local anesthetic with without steroid can be used for diagnosis of pain source whether it is coccyx or some other structure. [boneandspine.com]

  localized pain, unspecified type - code to pain by site, such as: abdomen pain ( R10.- ) back pain ( M54.9 ) breast pain ( N64.4 ) chest pain ( R07.1- R07.9 ) ear pain ( H92.0- ) eye pain ( H57.1 ) headache ( R51 ) joint pain ( M25.5- ) limb pain ( M79.6 [icd10data.com]

  Definition/Description Low back pain (LBP) is a condition of localized pain to the lumbar spine with or without symptoms to the distal extremities whose aetiology is commonly unknown. [1] The link between LBP and pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), particularly [physio-pedia.com]

  The most common initial symptom of a sacral tumor is local pain due to its mass effect and compression. [healio.com]

• Low Back Pain

  Treatment of Low Back Pain/Lumbar Spine Disorders Low back pain treatment success lands squarely on having the correct diagnosis. Appropriate treatment depends upon what the doctor concludes is the cause of the low back pain. [minneapolisclinic.com]

  Sacroiliac Joint Disorder: Is that why your back hurts? Low back pain is very common and affects approximately 70% of people in their lifetime (1). For anyone who has experienced low back pain, it can be very disabling. [sierraregionalspine.com]

  Gluck GS, Bendo JA, Spivak JM (2008) The lumbar spine and low back pain in golf: a literature review of swing biomechanics and injury prevention. [link.springer.com]

  The most common manifestation is chronic low back pain and it may be the cause of between 10 and 30% of such cases. Table 1. [practicalpainmanagement.com]

  Managing Low Back Pain (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 206–26. ^ a b Sembrano, Jonathan N.; et al. (2009). "How Often Is Low Back Pain Not Coming From the Back?". [en.wikipedia.org]

• Fracture

  Wick LF, Kaim A, Bongartz G (2000) Retroisthmic cleft: a stress fracture of the lamina. Skeletal Radiol 29(3):162–164 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 37. Aylwin A, Saifuddin A, Tucker S (2003) L5 radiculopathy due to sacral stress fracture. [link.springer.com]

  Intraoperative there was no mobility at fracture site and fracture fragments were found to be united. No fixation for fracture was done. Patient was mobilized immediately post surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Causes Sacral stress fractures can be caused by repetitive stress or weakened bones. Risk Factors Sacral stress fractures are most common in young athletes and older women with osteoporosis. [winchesterhospital.org]

  Causes Sacral stress fractures can be caused by repetitive stress or weakened bones. Risk Sacral stress fractures are most common in young athletes and older women with osteoporosis. [cancercarewny.com]

  Vertebral Fractures Vertebral compression fractures occur when the normal vertebral body of the spine is squeezed or compressed. [pacortho.org]

• Buttock Pain

  Here we describe a case of 27-year-old woman presented with acute onset of back and left buttock pain. [kci.go.kr]

  Pain from sacroiliac joint dysfunction can be felt anywhere in the lower back or spine, buttocks, pelvis, groin, or sometimes in the legs. [si-bone.com]

  Common symptoms of sacroiliac joint dysfunction: Lumbosacral pain Buttock Pain Pain radiating to the leg Hip pain Groin pain Urinary frequency Iliac crest pain Transient numbness, prickling or tingling Increased pain with menstruation Increased pain with [sidysfunction.com]

  The authors of this article have found that in cases in which ischial bursitis is suspected as a substantial component of the patient's buttock pain, local injection of the bursa can be performed either with local anesthetic alone (diagnostic injection [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Other common symptoms include: Lower extremity numbness, tingling and weakness Pelvis / buttock pain Hip / groin pain Unilateral leg instability (buckling, giving way) Disturbed sitting patterns (unable to sit for long periods, on one side) Pain going [nynjcmd.com]

• Spine Pain

  Low back pain is very common and affects approximately 70% of people in their lifetime (1). For anyone who has experienced low back pain, it can be very disabling. But sometimes low back pain is not “spine pain.” [sierraregionalspine.com]

  ) lumbar region pain ( M54.5 ) pelvic and perineal pain ( R10.2 ) shoulder pain ( M25.51- ) spine pain ( M54.- ) throat pain ( R07.0 ) tongue pain ( K14.6 ) tooth pain ( K08.8 ) renal colic ( N23 ) pain disorders exclusively related to psychological [icd10data.com]

  Chapter First Online: 16 April 2010 Abstract Modern sports activities are associated with a high incidence of spine pain. Low back pain (LBP) occurs in up to 50% of elite athletes (Curr Sports Med Rep 3(1):41–46, 2004). [link.springer.com]

• Sciatica

  The primary cause of sciatica (present in about 90 percent of cases) is spinal disc herniation pressing on one of the lumbar or sacral nerve roots. Sciatica itself actually refers to a symptom rather than a specific disease. [uofmhealth.org]

  […] instabilities, lumbosacral region (approximate) ICD-10-CM Code: M53.3 - Sacrococcygeal disorders, not elsewhere classified (approximate) ICD-9-CM Siblings (same level / similar specificity) of 724.6: 724.1 - Pain in thoracic spine 724.2 - Lumbago 724.3 - Sciatica [emedcodes.com]

  For the past 75 years, sciatica has been thought to be caused by a herniated disc and treated accordingly. [erikdalton.com]

  Back pain or leg pain ( sciatica ) can typically arise due to injury where the lumbar spine and sacral region connect (at L5-S1) because this section of the spine is subjected to a large amount of stress and twisting during certain activities, such as [spine-health.com]

  One of the causes of sciatica is inflammation of the piriformis muscle; this muscle arises from the sacrum and attaches near the top of the femur (thigh bone). [runnersworld.com]

• Irritability

  Irritation of any of the nerve roots that contribute to it can lead to back pain that travels through the buttock and into the lower extremity. [uofmhealth.org]

  Whenever an SI joint is irritated or injured, the resultant joint dysfunction may cause pain in the lower back and legs. [treatingpain.com]

  NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are an important adjunct to the treatment to help with nerve inflammation and irritation. [tarlovcystfoundation.org]

  The entire procedure is done through a small incision, with no soft tissue stripping and minimal tendon irritation. [bluegrassortho.com]

  Another way to help ease your irritation in these joints is by wearing a si joint brace. There are a number of lumbar braces at a relatively low price that can help ease these sacroiliac joint pain symptoms so that you can get on with your life! [braceability.com]

• Tingling

  SYMPTOMS Common SI Joint Pain Symptoms Lower back pain (below L5) Sensation in lower extremity: pain, numbness, tingling, weakness Pelvis/buttock pain Hip/groin pain Feeling of leg instability (buckling, giving way) Disturbed sleep patterns due to pain [si-bone.com]

  This can present as sciatica like symptoms (leg pain, burning, numbness, and tingling) that mimic lumbar disc or radicular low back pain, pain that radiates down into the legs. [bluegrassortho.com]

  Other common symptoms include: Lower extremity numbness, tingling and weakness Pelvis / buttock pain Hip / groin pain Unilateral leg instability (buckling, giving way) Disturbed sitting patterns (unable to sit for long periods, on one side) Pain going [nynjcmd.com]

  […] sitting for a while Hip pain (can be either hip, or both, although both is less common) Pain that gets better or goes away when you lie down You should call your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms: Weakness in your legs Sudden numbness or a tingling [intermountainhealthcare.org]

  Numbness or tingling in the leg or feelings of weakness in the leg may also be appreciated. Typically, symptoms are worsened by sitting, standing, sleeping, walking, or climbing stairs, with the pain occurring on the affected side. [belmarrahealth.com]

• Abnormal Gait

  Other causes of sacroiliac joint pain include an abnormal gait. This can stem from have differing leg lengths or pain in the knee, foot problems, hip pain, etc. [braceability.com]

  Continuing to run through the pain increases the likelihood of developing a compensatory injury due to an abnormal gait. [runnersworld.com]

• Dizziness

  Dizziness and feeling of loss of balance or equilibrium, especially with change of position The feeling of sitting on a rock Pulling and burning sensation in coccyx (tailbone) area, especially when bending Sciatica Vaginal, rectal, pelvic and/or abdominal [tarlovcystfoundation.org]

  […] all they came up with is inflammation, I did have a cervical fusion with hardware in 2002 and it has since came back, I've taken flexeril, hydrocodone,meloxicam,ibuprofen, pain patches ,ultraset,requip ( I have restless leg syndrome), meclizine for dizziness [healthboards.com]

(See Presentation, Workup, Treatment, and Medication.) [emedicine.medscape.com]

Balancing multiple theoretical approaches and healing paradigms in a diagnostic and treatment context, Alon Marcus offers a sophisticated text for practitioners applying these insights. [books.google.com]

SI JOINT DYSFUNCTION TREATMENT Initial conservative treatment options for the SI joint typically involve physical therapy, medication management, and injection management. [spinemd.com]

Surgical Treatments If non-surgical treatments do not work or if the condition worsens, surgical conditions may be considered. [uofmhealth.org]

Nonoperative Treatment Most cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis are treated without surgery. [coloradospineinstitute.com]

complications, treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE. [dovemed.com]

See Answer Source: iStock What is the prognosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction? The prognosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction varies depending on the cause of the dysfunction. [medicinenet.com]

Prognosis The long-term outlook is variable. Children who are diagnosed early and appropriately managed can have a relatively good quality of life. [orpha.net]

Prognosis of Symptomatic Tarlov Cysts Those who have progressive and prolonged symptoms run a risk of neurological damage, if the cysts continue to compress nerve structures. [tarlovcystfoundation.org]

Respiratory problems constitute the main predictor of poor prognosis of ROHHAD syndrome. [elsevier.es]

Etiology Etiology is currently unknown. Genetic studies have investigated numerous genes involved in neuronal development as well as candidate genes of hypothalamic and autonomic dysfunction without identifying any specific mutation. [orpha.net]

Neither term specifies the underlying etiology. Coccyx pain can occur from local trauma or a tumor, but many cases are idiopathic, with no identifiable cause. [emedicine.medscape.com]

HCVR testing was performed due to the etiological ambiguity of the patient's hypoventilation (although a cardinal feature of ROHHAD, her hypoventilation may have only been secondary to her severe OSA). [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

The patient was screened carefully for risk factors and possible etiology (cause). Questions were asked about training, injuries, medications, menstrual cycle, and past medical history. [davisandderosa.com]

Sacroiliac joint ligament injury and subsequent laxity is a unifying etiology that explains how these mundane accidental injuries can result in a biomechanical disorder. [practicalpainmanagement.com]

Summary Epidemiology Fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the medical literature to date. [orpha.net]

[…] as weakness, poor endurance, excessive tension, shortened length and overactivity. [2] Current evidence shows that individuals with low back pain have a significant decrease in pelvic floor function compared to individuals without low back pain. [4] Epidemiology [physio-pedia.com]

An epidemiologic investigation. Am J Sports Med 19(5):463–468 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 11. Cappozzo A (1983) Force actions in the human trunk during running. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 23(1):14–22 PubMed Google Scholar 12. [link.springer.com]

However, given the lack of standardized definitions and diagnostic tests as well as epidemiological studies of ROHHAD, the evolution and spectrum of abnormalities is unclear [2, 3]. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]

We discuss potential pathophysiological implications as well as symptomatic treatment options. [research.tue.nl]

Our findings suggest that the striatum may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of IGD. KEYWORDS: Cognitive control; Color-word Stroop task; Internet gaming disorder (IGD); Striatum; Structural magnetic resonance imaging [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although the pathophysiology of this syndrome remains unclear, an autoimmune hypothesis has been proposed for ROHHAD. [elsevier.es]

The male pelvis is more densely packed which allows for faster proprioceptive overflow and muscle recruitment. [9] Differential Diagnosis PFD and LBP are difficult to diagnose because they present many challenges due to poor association between pathophysiology [physio-pedia.com]

] rheumatoid arthritis, or an infection. [ citation needed ] Pathophysiology [ edit ] The sacroiliac joint is a true diarthrodial joint that joins the sacrum to the pelvis. [1] [8] [15] [16] The sacrum connects on the right and left sides to the ilia [en.wikipedia.org]

Keep in mind, though, that the best cure for sacroiliac dysfunction is prevention. [yogajournal.com]

Prompt treatment can prevent the injury from causing further problems. [winchesterhospital.org]

These treatments can minimize the SI joint pain and prevent destruction of the joints. [medicinenet.com]