In the present study, an elderly patient admitted to the ICU presented with thrombocytopenia, which was associated with TZP treatment. [spandidos-publications.com]

The clinical presentation depends in part upon the etiology and pathogenesis of the agranulocytosis: Immune forms may present days to weeks after beginning the drug and are often acute with explosive symptoms. [wikidoc.org]

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION Agranulocytosis is characterized by a neutrophil granulocyte count < 0.5 × 109/l with no relevant decrease in haemoglobin and platelet counts. [flipper.diff.org]

الصفحة 272 - Salmon SE: A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma: Correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment and survival. Cancer 36:842-854, 1975 6. ‏ [books.google.com]

Pertinent laboratory data on his initial presentation can be seen in Table 2. His ANC was 360 cells/mcL (neutropenic). The patient had not demonstrated neutropenia from the time of his diagnosis until his ED presentation. [ptcommunity.com]

• Easy Bruising

  […] breath Reduced white blood cells produce classic symptoms of a weak immune system: fever and chills rash diarrhea signs of infection (swelling, redness, areas painful or warm to the touch) Reduced platelets produce classic excess bleeding symptoms: easy [diagnose-me.com]

  Thrombocytopenia is most commonly characterized by easy bruising and bleeding from the nose, gums or mouth. Blood may also show up in urine or bowel movements. Small red spots on the skin, called petechiae, may also manifest. [mesothelioma-aid.org]

  bruising are some symptoms of Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia. [dovemed.com]

  Thrombocytopenia - easy bruising, petechiae, bleeding from the nose and/or gums. The inherited syndromes may have other clinical features typical of the condition, such as skin or skeletal abnormalities. [patient.info]

• Splenomegaly

  HIV-infected patients are also susceptible to developing thrombocytopenia for reasons unrelated to their HIV infection, such as alcohol use, splenomegaly and liver disease, or drug effects (heparin, quinidine); clinicians must always consider these possibilities [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

• Anemia

  “Aplastic anemia may be congenital, or develop from Franconi anemia, an inherited disorder,” says Kassim. [everydayhealth.com]

  […] aplastic anemia D61.01 Constitutional (pure) red blood cell aplasia D61.09 Other constitutional aplastic anemia D61.1 Drug-induced aplastic anemia D61.2 Aplastic anemia due to other external agents D61.3 Idiopathic aplastic anemia D61.8 Other specified [icd10data.com]

  55–57 ) that are likely to be part of the treatment for aplastic anemia. [epilepsy.com]

  Aplastic or hypoplastic anemia can be idiopathic in nature, or it can develop from secondary causes. Myelodysplastic anemia also can cause pancytopenia. Myelophthisic anemia may result from marrow destruction because of tumor invasion or granulomas. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  The cooperative Study Group for Aplastic and RcfractoLy Anemias: Toxic etiology of aplastic anemia: Sex trsnsm. Dis., 1984;11 (Suppl 4):343-6. 15. Tsongas, TA. [jpma.org.pk]

• Thrombosis

  View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI 11 Ramot Y and Nyska A: Drug-Induced Thrombosis - Experimental, clinical, and mechanistic considerations. Toxicol Pathol. 35:208–225. 2007. [spandidos-publications.com]

• Arthritis

  Long-term azathioprine in rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind study. Ann Rheum Dis 1981;40:560-3. Ginzler E, Sharon E, Diamond H et al. Long-term maintenance therapy with azathioprine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1975;18:27-34. [ebmconsult.com]

  Other conditions Other conditions like thyroid disorders (particularly over active thyroid glands), aplastic anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, parasitic infestations, vitamin deficiencies, mineral deficiencies of copper and zinc typhoid, malaria, influenza [news-medical.net]

  This may be related to having an autoimmune condition, such as: Crohn's disease Rheumatoid arthritis Lupus In some people, neutropenia can be caused by certain medications, such as: Antibiotics Blood pressure drugs Psychiatric drugs Epilepsy drugs Neutropenia [webmd.com]

  […] due to chronic marrow suppression. [5] Treatment [ edit ] Bone marrow suppression due to azathioprine can be treated by changing to another medication such as mycophenolate mofetil (for organ transplants) or other disease-modifying drugs in rheumatoid arthritis [en.wikipedia.org]

  Arthritis & Rheumatology. 1975;18: 27-34. 7. Teml A, Schaeffeler E, Herrlinger KR, Klotz U, Schwab M. Thiopurine treatment in inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical pharmacokinetics. 2007;46: 187-208. 8. Lennard L, Van Loon JA, Weinshilboum RM. [chikd.org]

• Petechiae

  […] and chills rash diarrhea signs of infection (swelling, redness, areas painful or warm to the touch) Reduced platelets produce classic excess bleeding symptoms: easy bruising bleeding: nose bleeds, or bleeding gums or mouth tiny red spots on the skin (petechiae [diagnose-me.com]

  Small red spots on the skin, called petechiae, may also manifest. Treatment of Myelosuppression Blood cell numbers typically begin to drop seven to 10 days after chemotherapy begins. [mesothelioma-aid.org]

  The signs and symptoms of Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia include: Extensive, continuous, and unusual bleeding Bleeding from the gums while brushing teeth Susceptibility to bruises and injuries Petechiae: Pale or purple spots in the skin Excessive bleeding [dovemed.com]

  Thrombocytopenia - easy bruising, petechiae, bleeding from the nose and/or gums. The inherited syndromes may have other clinical features typical of the condition, such as skin or skeletal abnormalities. [patient.info]

• Erythema

  Infection with B19 parvovirus can also cause anemia in HIV-infected patients.(18,19) B19 parvovirus, the etiologic agent of the childhood exanthem "fifth disease" (erythema infectiosum), has been recognized for some time as a cause of severe chronic anemia [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

• Withdrawn

  […] recommended dose of 5 µg/kg per day) subcutaneously to patients with an ANC less than 1000/µL who have fever or other signs of infection or any patient with an ANC less than 500/µL which persists for longer than five days after the suspect drug has been withdrawn [wikidoc.org]

  Drug-induced agranulocytosis (DIA) is usually a self-limiting condition (provided that toxic drugs are withdrawn) with complete resolution within 2 weeks. [ehj.eg.net]

As part of the workup for localization of infection, appropriate radiographs (e.g. chest images) are indicated. Other imaging studies can be carried out on the basis of the specific indications of each case. [ehj.eg.net]

The haemopoietic growth factors are relatively new additions to the treatment of drug-induced bone marrow suppression. Treatment with growth factors may induce primitive cells to enter into cell cycle. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Your doctor may notice a drop in blood cell counts about a week after treatment. While it’s a side-effect of treatment itself, suppression of bone marrow can lead to a new set of side effects that may need to be monitored by your doctor. [share.upmc.com]

الصفحة 336 - EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas: a proposal from the Cutaneous Lymphoma Study Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Blood 90: 354-371. ‏ [books.google.com]

Fatigue can happen within days after a chemotherapy treatment and can last long after treatment ends. It also tends to be worse when you are having other treatments, such as radiation therapy. Fatigue usually gets better over time. [cancer.ca]

Use of Lnz is increasing as newer (Group V) drug for the treatment of MDR and XDR pulmonary TB. [jacpjournal.org]

(Outcomes/Resolutions) The prognosis of Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia is usually excellent, if the drug causing the condition is identified and discontinued, when possible In some, the prognosis may get complicated, if there is large amount of bleeding [dovemed.com]

Bone-Marrow Disease Anemia and the Link to Blood Cancer The prognosis for bone marrow disease is not encouraging — myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuriacan each progress to blood cancer. [everydayhealth.com]

Prognosis, response to therapy, and prevalence of antibody to the retrovirus associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1985;103:542-545. 36. Oksenhendler E, Bierling P, Farcet JP, et al. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

Use Additional Use Additional Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

The clinical presentation depends in part upon the etiology and pathogenesis of the agranulocytosis: Immune forms may present days to weeks after beginning the drug and are often acute with explosive symptoms. [wikidoc.org]

These etiologies involve the following: A decrease in or damage to the hematopoietic stem cells and their microenvironment, resulting in hypoplastic or aplastic bone marrow Maturation defects, such as in vitamin B-12 or folate deficiency Differentiation [emedicine.medscape.com]

Aplastic Anemia Study was carried out in the 1980s, several epidemiological studies have confirmed some previous findings or have uncovered drugs with a potential risk, such as antithyroid drugs, ticlopidine hydrochloride, spironolactone and clozapine ETIOLOGY [flipper.diff.org]

(Etiology) Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia is caused through the usage of certain drugs. [dovemed.com]

[…] major books: (1) Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate Compounds, (2) Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles, (3) Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, (4) Anticholinesterase Pesticides: Metabolism, Neurotoxicity, and Epidemiology [books.google.com]

EPIDEMIOLOGY Idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis is a very rare disease. Annual incidence rates in Europe usually range from 1.6 to 9.2 cases per million population per year. [flipper.diff.org]

Meta- analysis examining the epidemiology of clozapine-associated neutropenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2018; 138(2): 101-9. [ Links ] 17. Inada K, Oshibuchi H, Ishigooka J, Nishimura K. [scielo.org.pe]

Epidemiology [ 5 ] Inherited causes account for 10-15% of cases of bone marrow failure, but for 30% of cases presenting in children. It can occur at any age, with a peak for inherited syndromes in pre-school children. [patient.info]

Anemia in HIV infected adults: epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical management. Curr Hematol Rep 4, 95 –102. [Google Scholar] Forna, F., Liechty, C. C., Solberg, P., Asiimwe, F., Were, W., Mermin, J., Behumbiize, P., Tong, T., Brooks, J. [jmm.microbiologyresearch.org]

Pathophysiology and management of thrombocytopenia in bone marrow failure: possible clinical applications of TPO receptor agonists in aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Int J Hematol. 2013 Jul. 98(1):48-55. [Medline]. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology & Etiology Most cases of neutropenia are due to decreased granulocyte production or less commonly increased destruction. * Acquired neutropenia is most often due to accelerated turnover, usually resulting from immunologic mechanisms. [wikidoc.org]

Pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical features and treatment of idiopathic neutropenia. Expert Rev Hematol 2008; 1 :217-229. 3. Palmblad JE, von dem Borne AE. Idiopathic, immune, infectious, and idiosyncratic neutropenias. [ehj.eg.net]

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Neutropenia is defined as having an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of less than 500 cells/mm 3 and is a common adverse event associated with many cytotoxic chemotherapy agents. 8 During cytotoxic chemotherapy, neutropenia typically occurs [ptcommunity.com]

A comparison of filtered leukocyte-reduced and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seronegative blood products for the prevention of transfusion-associated CMV infection after marrow transplant. Blood 1995; 86:3598-3603. ‏ [books.google.com]

Additionally, treatment measures including platelet transfusion, plasmapheresis, and corticosteroid medication may be required, in some cases of severe hemorrhage, to bring platelet count to normal range and prevent further bleeding episodes The prognosis [dovemed.com]

Called also myelophthisis and myelosuppression. labor suppression in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as controlling uterine contractions prior to 37 weeks of gestation to prevent preterm birth. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

The use of azathioprine (Imuran; Azasan) is common for a number of conditions, some of which include the prevention of rejection of organ transplantation, inflammatory bowel disease (in particular Crohn's disease), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus [ebmconsult.com]

[…] painful or warm to the touch) Reduced platelets produce classic excess bleeding symptoms: easy bruising bleeding: nose bleeds, or bleeding gums or mouth tiny red spots on the skin (petechiae) blood in the urine dark or black bowel movements Treatment and Prevention [diagnose-me.com]