RESULTS: The most common presenting symptoms were cough and chest pain. At presentation, 69 patients (22.4%) had complicated hydatid disease, cyst rupture into bronchus in 62 and into pleural cavity in 7. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The fungal culture of the aspirated material was not done in the present case. [cytojournal.com]

• Epilepsy

  Disease in the brain causes raised intracranial pressure and can cause epilepsy. Disease in the vertebrae can lead to compression of the spinal cord, causing paraplegia. In the long bones it may cause fractures and deformity. [patient.info]

  Epilepsy and toxocariasis: a case-control study in Italy. Epilepsia 2008;49: 594–599. pmid:18031545 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 49. Kroten A, Toczylowski K, Kiziewicz B, Oldak E, Sulik A. [doi.org]

• Localized Pain

  A 59-year-old male patient, nonsmoker, working in a rural area in Rio Gallegos, province of Santa Cruz, attended the Emergency Department of a Hospital in Buenos Aires because of a localized pain on the right side of the thorax. [tropicalparasitology.org]

• Cough

  RESULTS: The most common presenting symptoms were cough and chest pain. At presentation, 69 patients (22.4%) had complicated hydatid disease, cyst rupture into bronchus in 62 and into pleural cavity in 7. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Two children presented with a non-productive cough, while one was asymptomatic. Surgery is the treatment of choice for pulmonary echinococcal cysts. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

  Symptoms depend on the organ involved—eg, jaundice and abdominal discomfort with liver cysts or cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis with lung cysts. Cyst rupture can cause fever, urticaria, and serious anaphylactic reactions. [merckmanuals.com]

  A 32-year-old Kenyan woman presented in Boston with a three-month history of cough that was initially productive of thick, gray sputum that had gradually become blood-tinged. She had low-grade fevers. [nejm.org]

• Painful Cough

  Hepatic involvement can result in abdominal pain, a mass in the hepatic area, and biliary duct obstruction. Pulmonary involvement can produce chest pain, cough, and hemoptysis. [cdc.gov]

  Liver cysts cause pain and sometimes jaundice; lung cysts can cause pain, cough, and hemoptysis. E. multilocularis does not produce large cysts but invades and destroys surrounding tissue and can result in liver failure and death. [merckmanuals.com]

  This leads to signs and symptoms of upper abdominal pain, chest pain, and cough with sputum and blood The treatment of Echinococcus is undertaken using anti-parasitic medications and sometimes, the condition may require surgical interventions. [dovemed.com]

• Pleural Effusion

  Or they may come to notice due to pleural effusion. [jacpjournal.org]

  Our patient presented with nonspecific pulmonary symptoms and multiple pulmonary nodules in CT-chest, who later on developed right pleural effusion due to cyst rupture. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology and pleural fluid analysis. [cjhr.org]

  CECT revealed a large cystic lesion in right lower lobe with multiple floating membranes in dependent patient like hydatid cyst with minimal right pleural effusion and consolidation of adjacent lung parenchyma [Figure 1] b. [ijmm.org]

  If the cyst ruptured, the patient may develop allergic symptoms and anaphylaxis, transbronchial spread to other lobes, pleural hydatidosis and pleural effusion [ 7 ]. [omicsonline.org]

  Ultrasonography revealed a normal liver and small amount of right pleural effusion. Laboratory data revealed total leukocyte count of 11,900/mm3 with 69% polymorphs, 28% lymphocyte, and 3% eosinophils and a hemoglobin of 11.2 g%. [ctsnet.org]

• Dry Cough

  History: 69-year-old male, with history of COPD for 20 years and hypertension, presented to the ER with a 6-week history of dry cough and exertional dyspnea, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss of 5 kg during the past month. [uab.edu]

  Pulmonary manifestations include chronic cough either dry or productive, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and hemoptysis [ 3 ]. [omicsonline.org]

  Case Report A 24 years old male presented with shortness of breath, dry cough and left sided chest pain for two months. [casereports.in]

• Muscle Rigidity

  However, he had low-grade fever and vague pain in the right upper quadrant without muscle rigidity 3 days later. [doi.org]

• Chest Pain

  Here we report an overseas Chinese from Calcutta, India, presenting with recurrent hemoptysis and chest pain and with two big lung masses on chest roentgenogram. Rupture and spike fever ensured after fine needle aspiration of the cysts. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  There was no history of fever, chest pain, and hemoptysis. On examination, she was found to be average built, conscious, oriented and alert, and vitals were stable. Her oxygen saturation was 98% on room air and chest auscultation was normal. [cjhr.org]

  Hepatic involvement can result in abdominal pain, a mass in the hepatic area, and biliary duct obstruction. Pulmonary involvement can produce chest pain, cough, and hemoptysis. [cdc.gov]

• Hypertension

  […] jaundice: Blockage of bile flow out of the liver Cholangitis: Infection in the bile duct Portal vein thrombosis: Clotting of blood in the large vein, called hepatic portal vein, which carries blood from the digestive organs and spleen to the liver Portal hypertension [dovemed.com]

  History: 69-year-old male, with history of COPD for 20 years and hypertension, presented to the ER with a 6-week history of dry cough and exertional dyspnea, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss of 5 kg during the past month. [uab.edu]

  He had no history of antitubercular drug intake or any chronic respiratory diseases or diabetes mellitus or hypertension. General physical examination was within the normal limits. [jacpjournal.org]

  There was no history of any chronic illness like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, asthma, contact with tuberculosis, blood transfusion, weight loss or illicit drug intake. On examination, he was afebrile, conscious, and oriented. [casereports.in]

  Severe pulmonary hypertension due to chronic echinococcal pulmonary emboli treated with targeted pulmonary vascular therapy and hepatic resection. Chest. 2007 Oct. 132(4):1356-8. [Medline]. Bron JL, van Kemenade FJ, Verhoof OJ, Wuisman PI. [emedicine.com]

• Jaundice

  Jaundice — The yellow-greenish coloring of the skin and eyes due to the presence of bile pigments. The presence of jaundice is usually, but not always, a sign of liver disease. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Symptoms depend on the organ involved—eg, jaundice and abdominal discomfort with liver cysts or cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis with lung cysts. Cyst rupture can cause fever, urticaria, and serious anaphylactic reactions. [merckmanuals.com]

  In the liver, symptoms of obstructive jaundice and abdominal pain can develop. Pressure of the cyst on the biliary tract can cause biliary colic, jaundice, and urticaria. [patient.info]

  In patients with features of obstructive jaundice and cholangitis, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with sphincterotomy and stenting was performed pre-operatively. [doi.org]

• Hepatomegaly

  Abdomen: non-tender, non-distended, no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. Remainder of the exam was unremarkable. Laboratory Examination: Hb 10.5 mg/dL, Hct 36%, WBC 11.4 (0 band, 68 neutrophils, 1 eosinophils, 9 monos, 22 lymphs), platelets 647,000. [uab.edu]

  On the other hand, if the patient has cysts in the liver and is symptomatic, they will suffer from abdominal pain, abnormal abdominal tenderness, hepatomegaly with an abdominal mass, jaundice, fever and/or anaphylactic reaction. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Hepatic cysts can cause pain in the upper abdominal region, hepatomegaly, cholestasis, biliary cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and a variety of other manifestations ( 3, 149 ). [doi.org]

• Pruritus

  Antigenic hydatid fluid spillage sensitizes individuals and may cause an allergic response, varying from mild pruritus and urticaria to anaphylactic shock, convulsion, and coma. [doi.org]

  In addition, if the cysts were to rupture while in the body, whether during surgical extraction of the cysts or by trauma to the body, the patient would most likely go into anaphylactic shock and suffer from high fever, pruritus (itching), edema (swelling [en.wikipedia.org]

• Fear

  Previously, percutaneous treatment of hepatic hydatid cyst has rarely been performed because of the fear of dissemination, peritoneal spillage, and anaphylactic shock, however, percutaneous drainage has been used successfully in recent years. 3 The experts [doi.org]

  Justified concern or exaggerated fear: the risk of anaphylaxis in percutaneous treatment of cystic echinococcosis-a systematic literature review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun. 5(6):e1154. [Medline]. [Full Text]. [emedicine.com]

• Seizure

  […] liver and subcutaneous tissues may be asymptomatic for many years, but pressure effects may develop; in sensitive areas, hydatids may cause blocking effects and mechanical compression leading to collapse of infected bones, blindness and epiletiform seizures [web.archive.org]

  […] and fracture Right atrium parasitic thrombus: A clot that travels from the venous system to the lung Pulmonary embolism: Formation of clot in the lung blood vessels or one that has travelled to the lung from elsewhere Focal cerebral disorders such as: Seizures [dovemed.com]

• Pulmonary Infiltrate

  Clinical prediction rule for pulmonary infiltrates. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:664–670. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 75. Mabie M, Wunderink RG. Use and limitations of clinical and radiologic diagnosis of pneumonia. Semin Respir Infect. 2003;18:72–79. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pleural Effusion

  Or they may come to notice due to pleural effusion. [jacpjournal.org]

  Our patient presented with nonspecific pulmonary symptoms and multiple pulmonary nodules in CT-chest, who later on developed right pleural effusion due to cyst rupture. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology and pleural fluid analysis. [cjhr.org]

  CECT revealed a large cystic lesion in right lower lobe with multiple floating membranes in dependent patient like hydatid cyst with minimal right pleural effusion and consolidation of adjacent lung parenchyma [Figure 1] b. [ijmm.org]

  If the cyst ruptured, the patient may develop allergic symptoms and anaphylaxis, transbronchial spread to other lobes, pleural hydatidosis and pleural effusion [ 7 ]. [omicsonline.org]

  Ultrasonography revealed a normal liver and small amount of right pleural effusion. Laboratory data revealed total leukocyte count of 11,900/mm3 with 69% polymorphs, 28% lymphocyte, and 3% eosinophils and a hemoglobin of 11.2 g%. [ctsnet.org]

The risk of treatment in pregnant women who are known to have an infection needs to be balanced with the risk of disease progression in the absence of treatment. [web.archive.org]

Advances in classification and treatment of echinococcosis prompted experts from different continents to review the current literature, discuss recent achievements and provide a consensus on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Traditionally, surgery has been the only accepted mode of treatment, however, percutaneous treatment has recently been proposed as an alternative. 3 Here, we describe a patient who presented with anaphylactic shock combined with hydatid cyst. [doi.org]

Prognosis mainly depends on the type of infestation (ie, whether it is cystic [CE] or alveolar echinococcosis [AE]). In CE, the prognosis is generally good, and complete cure is possible with total surgical excision without spillage. [emedicine.com]

(Outcomes/Resolutions) Generally, Echinococcus infection has good prognosis with appropriate treatment Older adults have a poorer prognosis, as compared to the younger children or adults Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Echinococcus: According [dovemed.com]

With this approach, the prognosis can be improved for the majority of patients with AE. The consensus of experts under the aegis of the WHO-IWGE will help promote studies that provide missing evidence to be included in the next update. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical presentation – jaundice, RUQ pain, malaise If untreated >90% die within 10 years Now prognosis improved b/c of albendazole therapy. [slideplayer.com]

However, an etiologic agent has not yet been identified in the respiratory tract of patients without asthma. In the present report, a patient without asthma but with bronchocentric granulomatosis and pulmonary echinococcosis is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This case highlights an uncommon etiology of Pancoast syndrome which might mislead physicians in their practice. Introduction Pancoast was the first author to describe in 1924 a syndrome related to tumors that involve the lung apex [ 1 ]. [panafrican-med-journal.com]

ECHINOCOCCOSIS OF BONE J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1945 Jul; 27 (3): 401 -411. http://dx.doi.org/ Abstract The development of our knowledge of echinococcus disease has been outlined, and its etiology and distribution have been described. [web.archive.org]

Etiology and management of pediatric hemoptysis. Ann Otolayngol Head Neck Surg 2001;127:377-382. 10. Batra PS, Holinger LD. Etiology and management of pediatric hemoptysis. Ann Otolayngol Head Neck Surg 2001;127:377-382. 11. Bashour FA. [sajch.org.za]

(Etiology) Echinococcus is a disease that is spread from infected animals, caused mostly by the parasitic worm Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis This worm is also known as the hydatid worm, hyper tape worm or dog tapeworm; members [dovemed.com]

Method Publications on alveolar echinococcosis throughout the world were systematically reviewed with special reference to ecology, epidemiology and countermeasures. [doi.org]

However, the increasing use of mass screenings with ultrasonography in endemic countries is generating important epidemiological data. [emedicine.com]

A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013; 7 (6). e2249. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002249. [PubMed: 23755310 ]. 2. Kuzucu A, Soysal O, Ozgel M, Yologlu S. [archcid.com]

Pathophysiology There are four types of echinococcosis, of which the first two are the most common and therefore the most important, the third rare and the fourth extremely rare [ 2, 4, 5 ] : Cystic echinococcosis due to E. granulosus - this is also known [patient.info]

Pathophysiology In primary echinococcosis, metacestodes develop from oncospheres after peroral infection with E granulosus eggs. In secondary echinococcosis, larval tissue proliferates after being spread from the primary site of the metacestode. [emedicine.com]

Prevent dogs from soiling the immediate environment. Prevent dogs from roaming or having access to raw sheep meat or viscera. All sheep carcasses should be disposed of correctly and immediately. [patient.info]

Prevention and control Cystic echinococcosis is a preventable disease as it involves domestic animal species as definitive and intermediate hosts. [web.archive.org]

抄録 Purpose This article focuses on understanding epidemiological features of alveolar echinococcosis and discussing its prevention and control, especially from a viewpoint of the ecosystem and risk management. [doi.org]