The most common presenting features are a bloody nipple discharge; there may also be a palpable mass or general breast enlargement. Two patients in this series presented with large masses simulating other conditions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One study found that smokers were three times more likely to develop the condition than non-smokers and the risk appeared to be proportional to the duration of smoking. [ 3 ] Presentation The condition may present in one of several ways: [ 1 ] Microcalcification [patient.info]

Case presentation A healthy 39-year-old, non-lactating Chinese female presented with a 1-year history of a recurrent lesion in the right axillary accessory breast ( Figure 1 ). [jtd.amegroups.com]

Dystrophic calcifications can also be present, which can radiologically simulate malignancy. Instead of the proliferation of the epithelial cells, there is atrophy present in involved ducts. [news-medical.net]

• Sepsis

  By contrast, generally poor results were obtained in 9 patients in whom the indication for operation was recurrent para-areolar sepsis; two of these ultimately came to simple mastectomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Wound Infection

  Wound infection after breast biopsy. Br. J. Surg. 75 :918, 1988 Google Scholar 31. Davies, J.D.: Histological study of mammae in oestrogenized rats after mammary isoimmunization. Br. J. Exp: Pathol. 53 :406, 1972 Google Scholar 32. [link.springer.com]

• Nipple Discharge

  Bloody nipple discharge in infancy has been rarely reported in the medical literature. Its cause is unknown. We report a three-year-old male infant and a five-month-old female infant with bloody nipple discharge. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Causes of nipple discharge Nipple discharge has many possible causes. [nhs.uk]

• Large Breast

  She had to have surgery when I was a teenager to have a cyst (benign) removed, it was apparently pretty large because it left quite a "hole" in her breast. [hystersisters.com]

A total of 78 patients undergoing major duct excision for mammary duct ectasia has been studied to determine the success of the standard operative treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment Duct ectasia sometimes gets better without treatment. Warm compresses and antibiotics may be used in some cases. If the symptoms do not go away, the abnormal duct may be removed with surgery. [cancer.org]

Springer Science & Business Media, 20.02.2004 - 150 Seiten Widespread use of mammography results in detection of small cancers with favorable prognosis, as well as an array of indeterminate lesions, the majority of which turn out to be histologically [books.google.de]

Prognosis [ edit ] The condition is usually self-limiting, and thus not indicated for surgery. [en.wikipedia.org]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

The etiology has not been well defined but previous studies described an association between high prolactin and MDE. [endocrine-abstracts.org]

Smoking has also been implicated as one of the etiological factors in mammary duct ectasia, most probably due to the direct toxic effects on the breast epithelium. [news-medical.net]

• In-depth coverage addresses each disorder in all its manifestations—from the common to the unusual including etiology, symptoms, signs, treatment, and clinical pearls. • An anatomical table of contents helps you pinpoint a diagnosis when presented [euro-libris.ro]

However, certain authors have noted that these conditions are two separate entities affecting different age groups and with different etiologies ( 13 ). [jtd.amegroups.com]

The secretions may undergo calcification and this may be the presenting sign. [ 1 ] Epidemiology Duct ectasia affects primarily middle-aged to elderly parous women but can occasionally occur in children. [ 2 ] Smoking is a risk factor. [patient.info]

Between February 1989 and March 1993, 40,003 women underwent screening mammography as part of the Western Australia Women's Cancer Prevention Unit screening programme. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Possible Preventative Measures Maintaining a healthy diet may help keep milk ducts healthy. However, dietary adjustments are not a typically recommended preventative measure specific to mammary duct ectasia. [healthery.com]

Surgery is occasionally required if there is a residual mass, to confirm the benign nature of the histology and prevent recurrence of infection. [patient.info]

If there is discharge from the nipples, use a breast pad or a nursing pad in order to prevent the fluid from leaking through the clothing. They can be bought at the drugstores. [basicfirstaid.ca]

Examples may include using a breast pad to prevent fluid from leaking, sleeping on the opposite side of the affected breast, applying warm compresses and avoid smoking are a few ways to cure mammary duct ectasia. By : Natural Health News [natural-health-news.com]