We present a case of a 16-year-old girl who presented to our pediatric emergency department with complaints of progressive left vulvar swelling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Splenomegaly

  The abdomen is inspected, palpated, and percussed for ascites, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly to check for a liver disorder or heart failure. The kidneys are palpated, and the bladder is percussed. [merckmanuals.com]

  Systemic examination • Congestive cardiac failure – Elevated jugular venous pressure, third heart sound and crepitations over the lung bases • Chronic liver disease – Icterus, ascites, splenomegaly, gynaecomastia, spider naevi • Chronic kidney disease [slideshare.net]

  Splenomegaly speaks more for cirrhosis than for heart failure in the edematous patient with ascites. A totally normal examination suggests the diagnosis of idiopathic edema, especially if the patient is a woman in her childbearing years. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Weight Gain

  You’ll find many discussions in this forum on weight gain and swelling that can help you answer questions and find support. [everydayhealth.com]

  Sudden or rapid weight gain Decreased amount of urine Diagnosing edema To diagnose edema, your doctor may check whether the skin over the swollen area indents when pressed. [cancer.net]

• Severe Pain

  painful or starts very suddenly the swollen area is red or feels hot to the touch your temperature is very high, or you feel hot and shivery you have diabetes 111 will tell you what to do. [nhs.uk]

  Two days later, the swelling became so severe, both my feet looked bruised and turned a funny red colour. The pain became that powerful, I couldn't walk whatsoever. Im in UK so I rang 111 NHS helpline who sent out an ambulance. [patient.info]

  […] and tender than that due to angioedema and more circumscribed than that due to DVT With necrotizing infections, severe pain, constitutional symptoms Clinical evaluation Cultures Sometimes ultrasonography to rule out DVT Lymphatic obstruction Iatrogenic [merckmanuals.com]

  Advanced Pain Management Medicine in Lakeland, Florida & Surrounding Area Pain Management for Edema EdemaAdmin2019-12-18T10:57:55-05:00 Edema is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the body which can cause severe pain. [novusspinecenter.com]

• Plethora

  With the plethora of scientific institutions and software that use HDF5 it was clear to us that it was well used, tested, supported, and would have longevity. Open Source. [hdfgroup.org]

  […] skin ulcers Often associated with varicose veins Clinical evaluation Extrinsic venous compression (by tumor, a gravid uterus, or marked abdominal obesity) Nonpainful, slowly developing edema If tumor compresses the superior vena cava, usually facial plethora [merckmanuals.com]

• Lymphadenopathy

  Necrotizing enterocolitis, Appendicitis General physical examination in Patient with Edema Built and nourishment: Poor in nutritional deficiency Pallor: Cardiac or Gastrointestinal cause Icterus: Hepatic cirrhosis Cyanosis and clubbing: Cardiac edema Lymphadenopathy [epomedicine.com]

  If edema is confined to one leg, consider deep vein thrombosis, postphlebitic changes, cellulitis, lymphangitis, and inguinal lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] respiratory rate--25 breaths per minute; oxygen saturation--93% on room air Head: pale conjunctivae; anicteric sclera; moist mucous membranes; oral thrush was present Neck: jugular venous pulse was to angle of jaw (>20 cm); no thyromegaly or palpable lymphadenopathy [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

  A thorough physical examination and a mammogram revealed the presence of breast cancer and associated subclinical axillary lymphadenopathy. [lymphedemapeople.com]

• Constitutional Symptom

  Edema itself causes few symptoms other than occasionally a feeling of tightness or fullness; other symptoms are usually related to the underlying disorder. [merckmanuals.com]

• Hepatomegaly

  The abdomen is inspected, palpated, and percussed for ascites, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly to check for a liver disorder or heart failure. The kidneys are palpated, and the bladder is percussed. [merckmanuals.com]

  Hepatic edema Renal edema Dependent edema ++++ +++ ++ Facial edema – – + Ascites + ++++ + Evolution Legs → Face → Ascites Ascites → Legs → Face Face → Legs → Ascites Dyspnea Precedes edema Follows ascites Clinical features Of cardiac failure Raised JVP Hepatomegaly [epomedicine.com]

  […] manifestations of right ventricular failure on the rest of the body and includes peripheral edema (swelling of the legs, in general, of the "pitting" variety, wherein the skin is slow to return to normal when pressed upon), raised jugular venous pressure and hepatomegaly [en.wikipedia.org]

• Venous Insufficiency

  venous insufficiency 10 35. [slideshare.net]

  Liver cirrhosis Malnutrition Lymphedema Chronic venous insufficiency Post-thrombotic syndrome References:[1][2][3][4] Lymphedema Definition: edema associated with lymphatic obstruction and reduced fluid clearance due to compromised lymphatic vessels [amboss.com]

  Venous insufficiency refers to insufficient blood flow in the legs due to weakened valves in the veins. Those at the greatest risk are individuals with diabetes, cardiac conditions, and obesity. This condition may lead to lymphedema. [witham.org]

  Compression stockings can help relieve dependent edema, such as edema caused by venous insufficiency or lymphedema. Other recommended therapies include leg elevation, which can improve venous return and thereby reduce dependent edema. [emedihealth.com]

• Thrombosis

  Here, we report a case of an AAA complicated by inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to IVC compression by aneurysm successfully treated by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Management cont... • Deep vein thrombosis – Anticoagulant therapy using LMWH followed by oral anticoagulants like warfarin. [slideshare.net]

  Pharmaceutical side effects (e.g., calcium channel blockers) Protein deficiency (mainly hypoalbuminemia) : nephrotic syndrome, liver cirrhosis, malnutrition, protein-losing enteropathy Hydrostatic: chronic venous insufficiency;, pregnancy, deep vein thrombosis [amboss.com]

  Many women experience mild swelling during pregnancy, but more severe edema can be a sign of serious pregnancy-related complications, including deep vein thrombosis and preeclampsia. [rush.edu]

• Hypotension

  Prolonged infusion of dopamine, started when the patient became hypotensive, would not be expected to improve his hemodynamic condition. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

  Induced hypotension, or controlled hypotension, is defined by the reduction of systolic blood pressure to 80–90 mmHg with a reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 50–65 mmHg or a 30% reduction in MAP [30, 32]. [intechopen.com]

  In older people, use of drugs that treat causes of edema (particularly heart failure) requires special caution, such as the following: Starting doses low and evaluating patients thoroughly when the dose is changed Monitoring for orthostatic hypotension [merckmanuals.com]

• Hepatojugular Reflux

  The internal jugular vein height, waveform, and reflux are noted. The heart is palpated for thrills, thrust, parasternal lift, and asynchronous abnormal systolic bulge. [merckmanuals.com]

• Homans' Sign

  […] dependent, painless, usually mild pitting edema Apparent by history and medical record Clinical evaluation Increased hydrostatic pressure, venous obstruction DVT Acute, pitting edema in a single, usually lower extremity, usually with pain; sometimes Homans [merckmanuals.com]

• Blister

  Edema blisters on kalanchoe leaf Scabby blisters (edema) on eucalyptus [ipm.ucdavis.edu]

  In the larynx, this build-up of edema usually occurs at the mid-point of the vocal cords, as the body’s response to vocal overuse, and it resembles a small, low-profile blister. [laryngopedia.com]

  Edema: Some edema symptoms are bumps, or blisters on the lower leaf surface. Occasionally on some plants edema symptoms are seen on the upper leaf surface and/or on the petioles and stems. [extension.illinois.edu]

  abscess, scalding, bleb, water blister bukol noun lump, tumor, boil, swelling, gob umbok adjective, noun lobe, bulge, hump, convex, overhang pigsa noun boil, abscess, furuncle, gathering, blain paga noun paga, bump buko noun buko, node, knuckle, bud [wordhippo.com]

  Search Random Word Add Word Enter a Tagalog or English word. 78333 Entries Searching for: pamamaga lintós, pamamagâ: n. blister. Source: http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/20738 Originally published in 1915. [bansa.org]

• Kidney Failure

  Cause[edit] The condition is commonly associated with vascular and cardiac changes associated with aging but can be caused by many other conditions, including congestive heart failure, kidney failure, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, trauma, alcoholism [en.wikipedia.org]

  Edema in a patient who is not urinating is often a sign of kidney failure as excess fluid builds up in the body's tissues. In such cases, dialysis is required. [house.wikia.com]

  Liver failure. In this, the liver prevents the flow of blood from getting back to the heart. When this occurs, a person will have edema. Kidney failure. When this occurs, the kidneys do not secrete water from the system as efficiently as it should. [theledger.com]

  Low protein levels in the blood, whether from malnutrition, liver failure or loss or protein due to kidney dysfunction (proteinuria), can lead to edema. [cormedicalgroup.com]

  Acute kidney injury in children. Pediatric Nephrology 2009; 24(2): 253-263. Causes of childhood acute and kidney failure, treatment and complications. Clinical Resources Lombel et al. [pupdoc.ca]

• Hematuria

  She had sinusitis and hematuria; she was diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HPM) was considered to have interrupted the venous flow and caused vasogenic edema. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] most patients with generalized edema, testing should include complete blood count (CBC), serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, liver tests, serum protein, and urinalysis (particularly noting the presence of protein and microscopic hematuria [merckmanuals.com]

• Headache

  Valproate has been a drug of choice for the treatment of generalized or partial seizures as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, bipolar disorder, for the prophylaxis of migraine headache in adults. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Edema in the brain can lead to both short-term and long-term issues, such as headache, memory loss, seizures and impaired speech. [rush.edu]

  Symptoms include headache, neck pain or stiffness, whole or partial vision loss, change in consciousness or mental state, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Macular edema: This is a serious complication of diabetic retinopathy. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Three patients with intractable epilepsy underwent a detailed neurologic and neuroradiologic workup to localize the site of epileptogenic foci. Two of the patients had mesial temporal lobe sclerosis, and the other patient had hypothalamic hamartoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] with diabetic nephropathy should be observed more closely Lipid and triglyceride levels: Elevated triglyceride and lipid levels increase the risk of retinopathy, while normalization of lipid levels reduces retinal leakage and deposition of exudates See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

New Advances in the Diagnostic Workup of Primary Aldosteronism. J Endocr Soc. 2017 Mar 1. 1 (3):149-61. [Medline]. [Full Text]. [Guideline] Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, et al. [medscape.com]

One subject showed no significant change, whereas another showed a statistically significant increase in TRT despite the treatment. No subject was found to have photoreceptor damage following treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease with a poor prognosis and is a risk for perioperative heart and respiratory failure. Few reports exist regarding a colectomy performed in patients with PH. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] altitude sickness, pregnancy, hypertension, sickle cell anemia, a compromised lymphatic system or merely long periods of time sitting or standing without moving.[1] Some medicines (e.g. amlodipine, pregabalin) may also cause or worsen the condition.[2] Prognosis [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis; Seek medical attention if... The prognosis for edema of the legs depends on the cause. For most people with edema, the prognosis is excellent. [diagnose-me.com]

The patient did not meet the Duke criteria for infective endocarditis.(1) Acute myocarditis (from HIV or other viral etiologies): Although this may have been the historical etiology of cardiac dysfunction, lack of acuity and absence of chest pain made [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

The etiology and pathogenesis of macular edema is intricate and multifactorial, in which the hyperglycemic state in diabetes induces a microangiopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Malnutrition Lymphedema Chronic venous insufficiency Post-thrombotic syndrome References:[1][2][3][4] Lymphedema Definition: edema associated with lymphatic obstruction and reduced fluid clearance due to compromised lymphatic vessels or lymph nodes Etiology [amboss.com]

Elevated systemic blood pressure can be considered an etiology of LV outflow obstruction because it increases systemic resistance against the pump function of the left ventricle. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Whether all or only some of these features can be appreciated on the plain chest radiograph, depend on the specific etiology 1. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] proliferative diabetic retinopathy. [5] A study suggests that the pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema is not only related to VEGF dependency but also to other inflammatory and angiogenic cytokine levels that can be suppressed by corticosteroids. [6] Epidemiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 1: Epidemiology of PA, who should be screened for sporadic PA?. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2016 Apr 15. 86 (20):1002-8. [Medline]. [Full Text]. Douillard C, Houillier P, Nussberger J, Girerd X. [medscape.com]

Epidemiology and etiology of cardiomyopathy in Africa. Circulation. 2005 Dec 6;112(23):3577-83. Review. 5. Report of the WHO/ISFC task force on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies. Br Heart J. 1980 Dec;44(6):672-3. 6. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]

Although it is possible to construct a pathophysiologic framework (Figure 17-1) for the differential diagnosis of edema, it is more useful clinically to use the distribution of the edema as the pivotal point: Figure 17-1. Pathophysiology of edema. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

It is of utmost importance to investigate various possible causes and understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic peripheral edema in order to determine the optimal treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Topics Include: - Definition of Edema \ Oedema - Pathophysiologic Categories of Edema \ Oedema - Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure & It's Role - Plasma Osmotic Pressure & It's Role - Edema Due to Lymphatic Obstruction \ Lymphedema - Edema Due to Retention [youtube.com]

Is It Possible to Prevent Edema? Depending on the cause of the edema, you may not be able to prevent it from happening. [novusspinecenter.com]

Early treatment can prevent serious complications. Traditional treatments may include elevation or compression pumps. Decongestion therapy has been shown to be a very effective treatment to improve the condition. [witham.org]

If a person is suffering from edema, there are many treatments that can prevent it. If a person experiences edema, they should see their family doctor for a complete evaluation. Dr. Gordon J. [theledger.com]

Oleamide compounds purified from green algae have been used for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, arthritis, and cancer. They function through their metabolic conversion into prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention You can reduce your risk of edema by taking steps to prevent kidney disease and heart failure from developing. Explore Diabetes and Swelling Join the Diabetes Newsletter [diabetes.co.uk]