Presentation
Abstract X-linked hypophosphatemia has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. I describe a woman in whom diffuse enthesopathy was the only manifestation. The diagnosis was established from the family history. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
- Pain
Other causes of pain included nerve entrapment (five cases), spinal referred pain (five in four patients) and ureteric stones (two). Inguinal hernia is sometimes coincidental rather than causative of the pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
This pain usually happens because the enthesis of your plantar fascia has thickened. This can result in pain in your heel and around your foot arch when you walk or put stress on your foot. [healthline.com]
- Inflammation
Treatment of enthesitis includes measures that reduce inflammation and pain. What is enthesitis? Enthesitis is inflammation of the entheses, the specific point where tendons or ligaments attach to bone. [medicinenet.com]
Enthesopathy also occurred in five rectus and one adductor longus tendons (one patient had inflammation in both). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Common enthesopathies include arthritis (inflammation of the joints), Achilles tendonitis (inflammation of the Achilles tendon), plantar fasciitis (inflammation of connective tissue on the bottom of the foot), and ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation [kidshealth.org]
In many cases, the underlying cause is systemic (body-wide) inflammation related to arthritis. As inflammation takes place, one or more entheses may become irritated and cause pain. [arthritis-health.com]
He has said that this is enthesopathy – inflammation at the point where ligaments and tendons attach to bone. Although I am greatful that I do not eroded or swollen joints, this inflammation of the tendons and ligaments is no less painful. [hopkinsarthritis.org]
- Weakness
Otherwise, the term enthesopathy is only a descriptive term that means that there is something wrong with the entheses, and it can be a symptom of a tremendous range of conditions that may have caused damage or weakness in these vital structures of the [reference.com]
Entropion can be caused by muscle weakness. As we age the muscles around the eyes tend to weaken. Laxity of the eyelid tendons, combined with weakening of these muscles result in the eyelid turning in. [asoprs.org]
Causes Entropion can be caused by: Muscle weakness. As you age, the muscles under your eyes tend to weaken, and the tendons stretch out. This is the most common cause of entropion. Scars or previous surgeries. [mayoclinic.org]
Entropions mainly occur in older people when the muscles in the eyelid have become weak. If you have had a severe chemical burn to the eyes and face scarring this may also cause an Entropion to develop. [hey.nhs.uk]
If this is absent or decreased, it may be a sign of lower lid retractor weakness, dehiscence or disinsertion. [eyewiki.aao.org]
- Fever
Mediterranean fever in daily practice. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Fever may be associated with IBD; a chronic low-grade fever may be a manifestation of secondary amyloidosis in Crohn's disease. [patient.info]
[…] of patients (uveitis ~20% and conjunctivitis in 25%) Aortic valve disease rarely a clinical problem present in ~ 3% and pericarditis and myocarditis may also be a feature Occasionally pulmonary fibrosis Associated with weight loss, fatigue, low grade fever [flinders.edu.au]
Musculoskeletal disease is evident in many of these patients. [64] Vague, seemingly unrelated complaints may obscure this diagnosis at times. [65] The onset of ReA is usually acute and characterized by malaise, fatigue, and fever. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Pain
Extra-articular manifestations of IBD : Intestinal symptoms can include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, cramping, weight loss and the passage of blood or mucus per rectum. [patient.info]
Some patients with ReA continue with intermittent bouts of diarrhea and abdominal pain. [emedicine.medscape.com]
- Vomiting
37 people, 77.08% Orencia: 33 people, 68.75% Motrin: 28 people, 58.33% Oxycodone: 12 people, 25.00% Dexilant: 11 people, 22.92% Top other side effects for these people *: Headache (pain in head): 46 people, 95.83% Nausea (feeling of having an urge to vomit [ehealthme.com]
Skin
- Skin Rash
[…] related entirely to steroid therapy) Associated with skin rashes (butterfly rash) and ulceration Raynauds syndrome Hepatosplenomegaly Associated with Nephritis (50% of patients) Pericarditis (30% patients) Myocarditis (25% of patients) Pleuritis (40-50% [flinders.edu.au]
Musculoskeletal
- Enthesopathy
More objective ways to estimate the presence and nature of enthesopathy are needed. Therefore, we analysed both by clinical and sonographic methods the presence of enthesopathy in the lower extremities of patients with spondylarthropathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Osteoporosis
[…] with pathological fracture M81 병적 골절이 없는 골다공증 Osteoporosis without pathological fracture M82 달리 분류된 질환에서의 골다공증 Osteoporosis in diseases classified elsewhere M83 성인골연화증 Adult osteomalacia M84 골연속성의 장애 Disorders of continuity of bone M85 골밀도 및 구조의 기타 장애 [rich-world.tistory.com]
Comprehensive health information about cancer, osteoporosis, high blood pressure and more. Comprehensive health information including health news updates and health resources. [web.archive.org]
Osteoporosis, erosions and deformity are less marked than in RA Osseous proliferation may be exuberant Incidence Affects 1 per 1,000 people in Western Europe Prevalence ~ 1% whites Low incidence in black Americans and Negro's Classic Ank Spond ® Male [flinders.edu.au]
It is often used in psoriatic arthritis. ( latest outcomes from Otezla 65,978 users ) Enthesopathy Enthesopathy (disorder of entheses (bone attachments)) has been reported by people with osteoporosis, psoriasis, osteopenia, rheumatoid arthritis, high [ehealthme.com]
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on their use in IBD and arthropathies is now available. [ 10, 11 ] Treatment or prophylaxis of osteoporosis using bisphosphonates, calcium and vitamin D may be necessary. [patient.info]
- Joint Effusion
effusion No abnormality may be evident or only evidence of effusion X-Rays Soft tissue mass Cysts or bony erosions in ~ 33% Diffuse bony lesion in ~ 25% Arthrography may identify the synovial mass Arteriography ® richly vascular soft tissue masses MRI [flinders.edu.au]
- Shoulder Pain
AS patients with a clinically defined shoulder disorder (n = 15) and a control group of 91 patients (94 shoulders) with nonspecific shoulder pain were studied with MRI. Fifty-four MRI-defined variables per shoulder were analyzed by 2 observers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Joint Swelling
Musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) may show subclinical enthesitis in the synovial joints and in the axial skeleton before joint swelling in inflammatory diseases characterized by arthritis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neurologic
- Irritability
An irritation of the eye caused by dryness or inflammation can lead you to try to relieve the symptoms by rubbing the eyelids or squeezing them shut. [mayoclinic.org]
This is very irritating for patients and, in the worst of cases, may have serious side effects for the cornea. Symptoms The symptoms of entropion are evident and clear from the start. [barraquer.com]
While a person is awaiting surgery, lubricating ointments and eye drops can help reduce irritation and the risk of damage. [medicalnewstoday.com]
It is a relatively fast procedure that uses stitches inside the eyelid to stiffen it up and keep it from turning in to irritate the eye. [nvisioncenters.com]
Entropion is a condition where the upper or lower eyelid turns inward, rubbing the lashes against the eye, causing the eye to become irritated, red, and sensitive to light and wind. [asoprs.org]
Workup
Microbiology
- Chlamydia
Proctitis caused by Chlamydia species can occur in both sexes after anal intercourse. Urethritis is difficult to diagnose in children but is present in 30% of pediatric patients at onset. [emedicine.medscape.com]
[…] aggregation Arthritis appears 2 - 6 weeks after initiating infection ® acute onset with asymmetric poly or oligo arthritis Aetiology Sero negative arthritis that follows urethritis, cervicitis or dysentery Associated organisms Lymphogranuloma venereum Chlamydia [flinders.edu.au]
Treatment
RESULTS: Neither proportion of adult nor total life with treatment was a significant predictor of extent of enthesopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
What is the prognosis of enthesitis? The prognosis of enthesitis depends on whether or not an injury caused it. Injuries, depending on the severity, can heal completely. [medicinenet.com]
A Long-term Follow-up Study 소장 19 Achilles Tendon Disorders in Athletes 소장 20 Long-Term Prognosis of Patients With Achilles Tendinopathy. [dl.nanet.go.kr]
Age of onset is the most important factor in determining prognosis and outcome [ Back to the Top ] Reiters Disease (Reactive arthropathy) Definition Sero negative arthritis that follows urethritis, cervicitis or dysentery Triad; (described by H. [flinders.edu.au]
Prognosis This is dependent very much on the specific underlying cause. IBD-related arthritis tends to carry the worse long-term prognosis, particularly where there is severe axial involvement. [patient.info]
Etiology
[…] are prescribed isotretinoin should be warned about this potential pathologic condition at the initiation of treatment and that physicians who are treating patients with a history of Accutane use should be suspicious of underlying enthesopathies as the etiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Manifestation code identifies conditions for which it is important to record both the etiology and the symptom of the disease. [books.google.de]
The DelveInsight Dravet Syndrome (DS) market report gives a thorough understanding of the Dravet Syndrome by including details such as disease definition, classification, symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic trends. [gii.co.jp]
Epidemiology
Dravet Syndrome Epidemiology The Dravet Syndrome (DS) epidemiology division provides the insights about historical and current patient pool and forecasted trend for every 7 major countries. [gii.co.jp]
Epidemiology Mortality/Morbidity The primary morbidity is ocular surface irritation. Corneal abrasions and scars can occur. Sex Entropion has no sexual predilection. Age Although all ages can be affected, entropion is seen primarily in older adults. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology [ 2, 3, 4 ] Rheumatic manifestations are the most frequent extra-intestinal findings of IBD with a prevalence between 17% and 39%. [patient.info]
Pathophysiology
New data may shed light on the possible pathophysiologic role of enthesopathy in the development of osteoarthritis. Various metabolic and endocrine conditions may manifest with enthesopathy features. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pathophysiology The pathophysiology of entropion depends on the type of entropion seen and is discussed below. Epidemiology Mortality/Morbidity The primary morbidity is ocular surface irritation. Corneal abrasions and scars can occur. [emedicine.medscape.com]
The DelveInsight Dravet Syndrome (DS) market report gives a thorough understanding of the Dravet Syndrome by including details such as disease definition, classification, symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic trends. [gii.co.jp]
Pathophysiology [ 1 ] This is poorly understood. Abnormal permeability of the bowel to bacterial antigens, which then locate in articular tissues and lead to an inflammatory response, is one possible mechanism. [patient.info]
Prevention
Better knowledge of this pathology should prevent unnecessary excision. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention It is impossible to prevent eyelid malpositions, since the majority are due to ageing processings. However, it is possible to treat it early and, therefore, prevent side effects on the cornea. [barraquer.com]
Is it possible to prevent enthesitis? Enthesitis that is caused by injury can be prevented by measures that avoid injury. Sometimes support braces can be helpful with certain athletic activity. [medicinenet.com]