When ulcerations start to occur, the bacteria, which is already present, starts infecting the wound and aggravating the process. [rawlsmd.com]

A 72-year-old woman presented with episodic melena of three weeks' duration associated with chest and epigastric discomfort. Both patients underwent initial and follow-up upper endoscopic studies along with multiple mucosal biopsies. [nejm.org]

Esophageal Injuries- Iatrogenic and others Presented By- Dr Sachin Katyal PG Student,Department of Gen.Surgery, M.K.C.G.MCH,Brahmapur 1 2. [slideshare.net]

Laryngopharyngeal reflux should be suspected in patients who present with any of these symptoms. [aafp.org]

With an atypical presentation, the Physical Therapist may need to ask if the patient has a history of difficulty swallowing, difficulty speaking, chronic dry cough, etc. [physio-pedia.com]

• Gastric Lavage

  Gastric lavage is also contraindicated due to risk of esophageal perforation and tracheal aspiration of stomach contents. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

• Severe Pain

  […] hi. i am not sure if this is just heartburn or maybe i have an ulcer. for the last 7 months i have been getting really severe pains in my stomach (between my chest and my belly button). my upper back gets sharp pains and my stomach bloats out like I’m [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Sore Throat

  Not everyone who gets GORD has heartburn, and it is increasingly recognised to be a cause of recurrent sore throats. [telegraph.co.uk]

  Tell your doctor right away if you have confusion, chest tightness, bleeding, sore throat, fever, irregular heartbeat, weakness, or unusual fatigue. [webmd.com]

  Untreated, GERD can lead to chronic laryngitis, dysphonia, chronic sore throat, chronic cough, constant throat clearing, granuloma of the true vocal cords and other problems. [aafp.org]

  Have a long-lasting, unexplained sore throat. Cough or choke when you lie down. Fortunately, as with many cancers, lifestyle can play a major role in reducing your risk. [prevention.com]

• Non-Cardiac Chest Pain

  […] similar to the feeling of a heart attack, a.k.a. non-cardiac chest pain). [digestivedistress.com]

• Vomiting

  Seek emergency care if you are vomiting blood or have what appears to be coffee grounds in your vomit. Pain in the chest should never be ignored. Heartburn may be mistaken for a heart attack and vice versa -- if in doubt, check it out. [livestrong.com]

  Leakage of esophageal contents such as saliva, food or vomit into the neighboring chest cavity can cause chemical injury or a serious bacterial infection or abscess. [healthcommunities.com]

  He ended up in ER with "severe abdominal and chest pain subsequent to violent retching and vomiting," says the report. And then there was his esophagus. It had endured a tear measuring 2.5 cm (almost an inch). [cnet.com]

  In other words, if vomit can’t take the front door because your throat muscles are locked up, it will find another way out. [snopes.com]

  Additional signs include indigestion, losing weight, frequent burping, feeling full quickly after eating, nausea, vomiting, otherwise stomach pain, and discomfort. [medicaldaily.com]

• Dysphagia

  Symptoms of esophageal cancer Dysphagia The main symptom of esophageal cancer is dysphagia, which means difficulty swallowing. This occurs due to the tumor restricting the esophagus. [news-medical.net]

  Dysphagia and chest or back pain may occur in any esophageal disorder, the most serious of which is esophageal cancer. [merckmanuals.com]

  This symptom is different from dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Dysphagia too may be a "tight feeling" in the throat, but dysphagia is only elicited with swallowing food and is not a persistent feeling. Nor does stress make it worse. [digestivedistress.com]

  Often, a narrowing of the esophagus (esophageal stricture) leads to trouble swallowing or dysphagia. Bleeding. A person may vomit red blood or blood that looks like coffee grounds, or your stools may be black, tarry or bloody. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Gastroenterology consultation; endoscopy Consider surgery (Persistent daily and nightly regurgitation, odynophagia, dysphagia, poor response to drugs) Maximum dosage of PPI Possible surgery (same symptoms as severe or recalcitrant GERD) Maximum dosage [thedoctorwillseeyounow.com]

• Odynophagia

  As esophagitis worsens and becomes chronic, producing a narrowing of the esophagus, in addition to heartburn-like symptoms, such as a sour taste in the mouth or a feeling of pressure in the chest area, sufferers may feel pain when swallowing food (odynophagia [thedoctorwillseeyounow.com]

  […] abnormalities in the esophagus were indicative of reversible thermal injury.A 66-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease presented to the emergency room for the second time in one month with retrosternal chest pain, mild dysphagia, and odynophagia [nejm.org]

  […] and upper GI series Chest x-ray Esophageal pH monitoring (measures acid in the esophagus) Esophageal manometry (measures pressure in the esophagus) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) HIV testing Neck x-ray Throat culture Swallowing - pain or burning; Odynophagia [medlineplus.gov]

  Pain while swallowing - called odynophagia. Heart burn and acid reflux. Vomiting, which can occasionally be bloody. Hoarseness of the voice, and cough that refuses to go away within 2 weeks. Throat pain and discomfort. [news-medical.net]

  Patients in both groups were also monitored through the outpatient clinic for complaints including abdominal pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, vomiting, or food impaction. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

• Hematemesis

  […] impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding / BIS Upper Hematemesis [en.wikipedia.org]

  Local complications: (1) bleeding: a few days after taking poison can occur a small amount of hematemesis, but a large number of bleeding caused by necrotic tissue shedding, often appear in 1 to 2 weeks, generally more than 10 days or so suddenly a large [healthfrom.com]

  Patients can also present with drooling, retrosternal or abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, and odynophagia. If upper airway injury is present, patients may exhibit stridor, hoarseness, nasal flaring and retractions. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

• Gagging

  This results in choking and gagging which may lead to aspiration of the caustic material and airway compromise. Acids cause tissue damage through coagulative necrosis that forms an eschar. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

  A third group of children report having trouble swallowing; they choke or gag whenever they eat, no matter what foods are served. [healthofchildren.com]

• Hypersalivation

  […] halitosis; buccal burning; otalgia (explained by the common sensory innervation of the esophagus and external auditory canal by the 10th cranial nerve); food sticking in the throat; pharyngeal tightness; a choking sensation; aerophagia; and water brash (hypersalivation [aafp.org]

• Chest Pain

  Pain in the chest should never be ignored. Heartburn may be mistaken for a heart attack and vice versa -- if in doubt, check it out. Know your risk factors for heart disease, and call for emergency help if chest pain is persistent. [livestrong.com]

  Moderate or severe chest pain that may worsen upon breathing or swallowing following an episode of retching or vomiting Fever Rapid, shallow breathing, difficulty breathing (dyspnea) Excessive sweating Subcutaneous emphysema Abdominal or back pain Difficulty [healthcommunities.com]

  Reflux “Gastroesophageal reflux tops the list and is responsible for causing chest discomfort in upwards of 30% of patients complaining of chest pain at baseline. [scarysymptoms.com]

  Get immediate medical attention if you have any chest pain, pressure, or burning that doesn’t go away (even with medications and lifestyle changes). These can also be signs of a heart attack. [webmd.com]

  Other signs of hiatal hernia include chest pain, belching, and nausea. [foxnews.com]

• Retrosternal Chest Pain

  chest pain, mild dysphagia, and odynophagia. [nejm.org]

• Muscle Spasm

  I'm not sure of the exact mechanism by which DGL provides relief, but here's what DGL does for the body in general: It reduces muscle spasms, promotes adrenal gland function, soothes inflammation and fights bacterial, viral and parasitic infection (there [listentoyourgut.com]

  Zenker's diverticulum results from increased intraluminal pressure caused by cricopharyngeal muscle spasm, which has been linked to gastroesophageal reflux. 3 Regurgitation of partially digested food should alert the clinician to the possibility of a [aafp.org]

• Facial Burn

  Google, WikiPedia 眼熱傷 T264 facial burn * PubMed, Scholar, Google, WikiPedia (病名) 顔面熱傷 T200 first-degree burn PubMed, Scholar, Google, WikiPedia (表皮に限局した熱傷) 第1度熱傷 T301, 1度熱傷, I度熱傷 fourth-degree burn PubMed, Scholar, Google, WikiPedia ((現在は用いない用語))(組織の [lsd-project.jp]

• Seizure

  • Barotrauma also reported when one strains against closed glottis as in blunt thoracic trauma, epileptic seizures, defecation & childbirth, weight lifting all of which are a/w increased intra-abdominal pressure. • A tear in the esophageal mucosa, known [slideshare.net]

Diagnostic Workup and Initial Treatment It is important to gather as much information about the specific agent ingested as well as the time, nature of the exposure and duration of contact. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

Treatment Treatment of esophageal chemical burn treatment Department of Surgery: Surgical thoracic surgery Treatment: rehabilitation treatment supportive treatment Treatment cycle: 2-4 weeks Cure rate: 70% (A) treatment Immediately terminate the exposure [healthfrom.com]

Then, we tried endoscopic steroid injection three months following the first treatment. Approximately 2mg of dexamethasone was injected into stenotic site in four directions. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

I also had a burned esophagus after just 15 radiation treatments for lung cancer. [inspire.com]

The symptoms of esophagitis and mucositis may occur during the second or third week of radiation therapy, and gradually increase during treatment. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Patients who are on steroid treatments or have a suppressed immune system from their cancer treatments may develop an esophagitis caused by a fungal infection (esophageal candidiasis). [oncolink.org]

Prognosis for Esophageal Cancer Because symptoms often do not appear until esophageal cancer has advanced and has often spread to other organs, the prognosis for people with esophageal cancer is often poor. [everydayhealth.com]

What This Study Adds: High doses of methylprednisolone therapy lead to less frequent stricture formation in grade IIb esophageal burns in children who ingested caustic substances and may improve prognosis. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Prognosis The prognosis for people who get heartburn only occasionally or people without esophageal damage is excellent. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Long-term Treatment and Prognosis Any patient with a Grade 2 burn or higher should be followed up with an upper GI (UGI) series 2-3 weeks after ingestion. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

This can be a very painful problem, but the prognosis is good. Doxycycline is notorious for causing burning of the food pipe called esophagitis. avoid foods which are hot, spicy. Also take Pepcid. Should resolve within a week to 10 days. [doctorbase.com]

Etiology Etiology of esophageal chemical burns (A) the cause of the disease Esophageal chemical burns are clinically classified into acidic and alkaline corrosion, acidic chemicals, such as strong acid (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, carbolic [healthfrom.com]

The etiology of esophageal cancer has not been fully studied. However, there are several factors, mostly due to lifestyle choices, that seem to play a role in disease pathogenesis. [news-medical.net]

Studies 3 – 5 have shown that in 23 to 60 percent of patients presenting with globus sensation, GERD is the etiologic factor. [aafp.org]

[…] a thin tube is placed in the esophagus, through the mouth, to measure acid levels and the pH [5] Esophageal manometry ~ a procedure where a thin tube is placed in the esophagus, through the mouth or nose, to measure the pressure of the esophagus [5] Etiology [physio-pedia.com]

Current opinion in pediatrics 2009;21:651- Lakshmi CP, Vijayahari R, Kate V, et al: A hospital-based epidemiological study of corrosive alimentary injuries with particular reference to the Indian experience. [journals.sbmu.ac.ir]

Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. El-Serag HB1,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853213?dopt=Abstract 8. Minerva Pediatr. 2012 Feb;64(1):101-19. [passeportsante.net]

DIFFERENCES IN GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEAD AND NECK SYMPTOMS The pathophysiology of GERD in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms differs from that in patients with head and neck symptoms. [aafp.org]

Moore W.P., Caustic ingestion: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin. Pediatr., 25 192-196 1986. 2. Kennedy A.P., et al, Colon patch esophagoplasty for caustic esophageal stricture. J. Pediatr. Surg., 30(8); 1242-1245,1995. 3. [ispub.com]

Pathophysiology and surgical implications. J Chir (Paris) 146(5): 499–502 Google Scholar de Lutio di Castelguidone E, Merola, Pinto A et al (2006) Esophageal in juries: spectrum of multidetector row CT findings. [link.springer.com]

Haller JA Jr, Andrews HG, White JJ, Tamer MA, Cleveland WW (1971) Pathophysiology and management of acute corrosive burns of the esophagus: results of treatment in 285 children. J Pediatr Surg 6: 578-584. [omicsonline.org]

This splint was in place for three weeks and prevented stricture effectively. [academic.oup.com]

Prevention Prevention of esophageal chemical burns 1. Strict management, to prevent eating of strong acid, alkali and caused by esophageal injury. 2. [healthfrom.com]

First, sue, you should be using some sort of preventive agent, not one BEFORE rads but AFTER. [csn.cancer.org]

The role of corticosteroids in preventing corrosive-induced strictures is controversial. Our aim was to study the influence of high doses of corticosteroids in preventing esophageal strictures. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Normally, this regurgitation is prevented by the esophageal sphincter, a sort of one-way valve that allows food and drink to pass down the esophagus to the stomach while preventing gastric acid and other stomach contents from traveling in the opposite [thedoctorwillseeyounow.com]