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Exposure to Toxin
Toxic Gas Exposure

Presentation

This article will discuss ways to identify potentially dangerous toxins at work, and what to do if you discover that toxins are in fact present. Find Out What Toxins are Present You have a right to work in a safe and healthy workplace. [employment.findlaw.com]

Results of the present study show that T-2 toxin at nanogram concentrations can induce apoptosis in human neuronal cells through multiple signal transduction pathways. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This working paper from the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child details which toxins present the greatest risk at different stages of brain development, and addresses popular misconceptions about the relative risk and safety of common [developingchild.harvard.edu]

Amazingly they found it present in all people tested, with women of childbearing age having the highest levels. [oshmanlaw.com]

Entire Body System

  • Inflammation

    Oxygen and drugs to open the airways and decrease inflammation are given. [merckmanuals.com]

    T-2 toxin exposure leads to many pathological conditions like nervous disorders, cardiovascular alterations, immune depression and dermal inflammation. However, the neuronal toxicity of T-2 toxin in vitro remains unclear. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    During a bacterial infection secreted toxin paralyzes respiratory cilia causing inflammation of the respiratory tract and inhibiting the clearance of respiratory secretions. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Somers turned to IVs of vitamin C and the antioxidant glutathione, plus colonics, anti-inflammation skin patches, and other unconventional methods to get her body back into fighting shape. [nydailynews.com]

    These mutations can be caused by exposure to toxic chemicals, infections, inflammation, and nutritional deficiencies. [greatplainslaboratory.com]

  • Fever

    A person with pneumonitis may experience coughing, a low grade fever and shortness of breath. Pulmonary hemorrhage, or bleeding of the lungs, in infants and adults with chronic health conditions is loosely related to black mold exposure. [livestrong.com]

    In the short term exposure can result in; Allergies; Constipation; Diarrhea; Fatigue; Fever; Gut ache; Headache; Indigestion; Muscle aches and pains; Nausea; Poor memory; Vomiting. [toogoodhealth.com.au]

    For example, headache, fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are very common non-specific symptoms of disease, produced by many, many conditions. [pmep.cce.cornell.edu]

    Acetaminophen, or Tylenol, should be taken instead of aspirin, Advil, or Motrin for fever, headache, minor aches, and pains. Continued Antihistamines: "There's little data on newer antihistamines. [webmd.com]

    As consumer concerns over these types of research studies reached fever pitch, the FDA finally banned the sale of baby bottles containing BPA in 2012. [draxe.com]

Respiratoric

  • Cough

    Abstract BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The adenylate cyclase (CyaA) toxin is a major virulent factor of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    In addition, they often cause cough and blood in the sputum (hemoptysis). Retching and shortness of breath also are common. [merckmanuals.com]

    Background Information Bordetella pertussis (the causative agent of whooping cough) secretes a biological toxin; pertussis toxin. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    A person with pneumonitis may experience coughing, a low grade fever and shortness of breath. Pulmonary hemorrhage, or bleeding of the lungs, in infants and adults with chronic health conditions is loosely related to black mold exposure. [livestrong.com]

    Respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, watery eyes, and skin irritation are the predominant symptoms. [amenclinics.com]

  • Pertussis

    Background Information Bordetella pertussis (the causative agent of whooping cough) secretes a biological toxin; pertussis toxin. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Abstract BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The adenylate cyclase (CyaA) toxin is a major virulent factor of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastrointestinal

  • Diarrhea

    […] ruling out the causes of these symptoms: -Chronic pain in soft tissues, such as muscular pain -General feeling of being "under the weather" -Confusion, forgetfulness -Chronic infections -Any on-going stomach or intestinal issues, such as constipation or diarrhea [amazon.com]

    For example, headache, fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are very common non-specific symptoms of disease, produced by many, many conditions. [pmep.cce.cornell.edu]

    In the short term exposure can result in; Allergies; Constipation; Diarrhea; Fatigue; Fever; Gut ache; Headache; Indigestion; Muscle aches and pains; Nausea; Poor memory; Vomiting. [toogoodhealth.com.au]

    Acute effects of nicotine poisoning for adults include nausea, vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, dizziness, confusion, and weakness. [uniteforsight.org]

    Organophospates are inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, leading to overstimulation of nerve cells, causing sweating, salivation, diarrhea, abnormal behavior, including aggression and depression. [greatplainslaboratory.com]

  • Vomiting

    For example, headache, fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are very common non-specific symptoms of disease, produced by many, many conditions. [pmep.cce.cornell.edu]

    Do not induce vomiting. Fresh air and rescue breathing may be necessary as inhaled toxin can be fatal. Needle stick : Wash the area with soap and running water. Avoid rubbing of skin. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Swallowing or vomiting of the liquid may cause aspiration (breathing) into the lungs. Acetone Mild central nervous system depressant. Very high concentrations may cause headache, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordination and confusion. [ccohs.ca]

    In the short term exposure can result in; Allergies; Constipation; Diarrhea; Fatigue; Fever; Gut ache; Headache; Indigestion; Muscle aches and pains; Nausea; Poor memory; Vomiting. [toogoodhealth.com.au]

    High exposures to xylene create an increase in oxidative stress, causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, central nervous system depression, and death. [greatplainslaboratory.com]

Cardiovascular

  • Heart Disease

    More prolonged toxic exposure can lead to the following: Asthma; Autoimmune diseases; Bone loss (osteoporosis); Chronic fatigue syndrome; Dementia (Alzheimer’s); Eczema; Heart disease; Impotence and infertility; Psoriasis; Recurrent infections, and possibly [toogoodhealth.com.au]

    Unfortunately, these chemicals, such as bisphenol A (BPA), formaldehyde, phthalates and toxic flame retardants, are easily absorbed into our bodies and have been linked to obesity, infertility, asthma, heart disease and even cancer. [foxnews.com]

    Studies now support origins in early life exposures for a startling array of adult diseases, including Alzheimer's, mental disorders, heart disease, and diabetes." [articles.mercola.com]

    They found that girls who had a higher urine BPA level were twice as likely to be obese than the average of the other children. ( 12 ) Erratic Hearts In 2011, scientists published a study that revealed more specifics about BPA’s long link to heart disease [draxe.com]

    As we have become more exposed to chemical-laden products and to toxic chemicals in food, air, and water, we have been confronted with an accelerating rate of chronic illnesses like cancer, heart disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, chemical sensitivity [greatplainslaboratory.com]

Eyes

  • Excessive Tearing

    […] menstrual bleeding, amenorrhoea, endomentriosis, sleep disturbance, failure to sweat, failure to moisturize skin, failure to moisturize eyes alternating with excessive tearing, failure to moisturize mouth and throat, failure to absorb nutrients from [immuneweb.org]

Skin

  • Sweating

    When it becomes too warm inside the body, the water cooling system is turned up, and more sweat is secreted by the skin. The sweat evaporates, cools the blood underneath the skin, which in turn cools the body core. [pmep.cce.cornell.edu]

    This is a bit of a controversial topic, but there is evidence of heavy metals, BPA, and flame retardants found in sweat ( 15, 16, 17 ). Work up a sweat during regular exercise, or frequent a sauna. [chriskresser.com]

    In fact, he and his co-author Bruce Lourie found that sweating was more effective than urinating at eliminating BPA – a synthetic compound found in plastics that has been linked with a range of health problems.. [foxnews.com]

    Symptoms may include: Low blood sugar (shakiness, sweating, hunger, irritability) Difficulty breathing Impaired mental state (confusion, inability to complete routine tasks) Massachusetts Department of Public Health-MDPH regulations (105 CMR 300.000) [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Keep them healthy by eating lots of vegetables, drinking enough water, exercising and sweating. [toogoodhealth.com.au]

  • Flushing

    Chug water Water is a great way to flush the toxins out of the body. Men should aim to drink 3.7 liters a day, and women should try for 2.7 liters. 10. [foxnews.com]

    Mucous membranes (eye, nose, mouth): If contaminated material is splashed or sprayed into the face contaminating the eyes, nose or mouth: flush the eyes for 10-15 minutes, rinse mouth out with clean water and be sure not to swallow, and wash down face [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Some may not enjoy the flushing that can happen when taking niacin, however, this flushing is from the blood vessels dilating, which is useful in the detoxification process. [greatplainslaboratory.com]

    If you have a niacin flush halt it after about a minute by taking the third Vit C drink. Rest if you need to for 5-30 minutes. Rub down all over if you can during the second part of the rest period. [immuneweb.org]

    Other manifestations of neurologic dysfunction that may be present include the following: Hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis Diarrhea or constipation Urinary incontinence or retention Gastroparesis Sicca syndrome Blurry vision Facial flushes Orthostatic intolerance [emedicine.medscape.com]

  • Dermatitis

    Fragrance mixtures can be comprised of any number of more than 3,000 ingredients, and can trigger allergic reactions such as asthma, wheezing, headaches and contact dermatitis. [ewg.org]

  • Skin Rash

    Inorganic mercury, or mercury bound to inorganic compounds, often causes skin rashes, inflammation, muscle weakness, mental disturbances such as mood swings and memory loss, impairment of coordinated movements, and numbness in hands, feet, and sometimes [uniteforsight.org]

Psychiatrical

  • Suggestibility

    It also suggests policies that can help reduce the human and economic costs of early exposure to toxins. Suggested citation: National Scientific Council on the Developing Child (2006). [developingchild.harvard.edu]

    Recent scientific modelling suggests that multiple “triggers” are required for disease to occur. [theconversation.com]

    SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that mechanical and adhesion properties of the cells appear as pertinent markers of cytotoxicity of CyaA toxin. © 2017 Société Française des Microscopies and Société de Biologie Cellulaire de France. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    This was the first time mold had been suggested as a possible cause for Kimberlyn’s symptoms and was unexpected due to the arid climate of Arizona. [amenclinics.com]

    After an Exposure Incident Occurs: Medical Evaluation and Follow-up Post-Exposure Treatment : If any individual working with or around pertussis toxin develops signs or symptoms suggestive of exposure to the toxin, they must inform their Principal Investigator [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

  • Hunger

    Symptoms may include: Low blood sugar (shakiness, sweating, hunger, irritability) Difficulty breathing Impaired mental state (confusion, inability to complete routine tasks) Massachusetts Department of Public Health-MDPH regulations (105 CMR 300.000) [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    […] glycosides Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA): Safety Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants 2012 65 Geneva, Switzerland WHO Press 171 323 Agricultural biodiversity, nutrition, and health: Making a difference to hunger [academic.oup.com]

Neurologic

  • Irritability

    Causes eye irritation. Swallowing or vomiting of the liquid may result in aspiration into the lungs. l-Limonene Causes moderate skin irritation. May cause allergic skin reaction. Acetaldehyde The vapour is irritating to the respiratory tract. [ccohs.ca]

    The irritant gas chloramine is released. Some gases—for instance, nitrogen dioxide—do not dissolve easily. [merckmanuals.com]

    Symptoms may include: Low blood sugar (shakiness, sweating, hunger, irritability) Difficulty breathing Impaired mental state (confusion, inability to complete routine tasks) Massachusetts Department of Public Health-MDPH regulations (105 CMR 300.000) [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Symptoms of dementia from toxic substances are very similar to most forms of degenerative dementia, and may include: Memory loss Increased irritability Minor but noticeable changes in behavior and personality Fatigue Uncontrollable physical twitches and [dementia.org]

    Respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, watery eyes, and skin irritation are the predominant symptoms. [amenclinics.com]

  • Confusion

    From Concise to Confused Out of nowhere, Kimberlyn went from a highly-effective, busy, working mother, to a disorganized, uninvolved, confused individual who couldn’t focus long enough to put together cohesive, coherent thoughts. [amenclinics.com]

    Very high concentrations may cause headache, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordination and confusion. Causes eye irritation. [ccohs.ca]

    […] of heavy metal poisoning can be easily mistaken for other conditions, which makes testing a critical step in ruling out the causes of these symptoms: -Chronic pain in soft tissues, such as muscular pain -General feeling of being "under the weather" -Confusion [amazon.com]

    Symptoms may include: Low blood sugar (shakiness, sweating, hunger, irritability) Difficulty breathing Impaired mental state (confusion, inability to complete routine tasks) Massachusetts Department of Public Health-MDPH regulations (105 CMR 300.000) [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

    Upon exposure, people complain of headache, dizziness, fatigue and mental confusion. [braininjury.com]

  • Seizure

    […] per month within 3 months prior to the day 1 visit or history of prolonged seizures or repetitive seizure activity requiring administration of a rescue benzodiazepine (oral, rectal, etc) more than once a month, seizures lasting more than 10 minutes, [clinicaltrialsregister.eu]

    Anti-seizure medications – Anticonvulsants such as Valproate and Toprimate can lead to serious birth defects including organ deformities, congenital deformities of the face and mouth, and spina bifida. [thecplawyer.com]

    Some of the most common drugs found in water are: antibiotics, anti-depressants, birth control pills, seizure medication, cancer treatments, pain killers, tranquilizers and cholesterol-lowering compounds. [3] Many bottled waters have been shown to be [bodyecology.com]

    Exposure to 2, 4-D via skin or oral ingestion is associated with neuritis, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, peripheral neuropathy, stupor, seizures, brain damage, and impaired reflexes. 2, 4-D is a known endocrine disruptor, and [greatplainslaboratory.com]

    […] to hearing loss), ocular anomalies (glaucoma, refractive error), facial nerve palsy, defects in the central nervous system, and mental retardation. (57) Thalidomide exposure in adults is associated with peripheral neuropathy, blood clots, drowsiness, seizures [uniteforsight.org]

  • Neglect

    Vets claim illness from guarding Iraq contractor Waste, fraud plague Iraq reconstruction Rocky Bixby, the soldier whose name appeared on the suit, said the verdict should reflect a punishment for the company's neglect of U.S. soldiers. [cbsnews.com]

    The thing they neglected to tell you is that what they’ve substituted for BPA has not been tested for the same kinds of problems that BPA has been shown to cause. That’s a little bit sneaky.” Other researchers are uncovering similar results. [draxe.com]

    The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute has been working to increase dietary diversity in developing areas for several years, and has identified multiple challenges to the diversification and use of “neglected and underused species” of crops [academic.oup.com]

  • Forgetful

    […] metal poisoning can be easily mistaken for other conditions, which makes testing a critical step in ruling out the causes of these symptoms: -Chronic pain in soft tissues, such as muscular pain -General feeling of being "under the weather" -Confusion, forgetfulness [amazon.com]

    Forget “detoxing” There are tons of cleanses and detox plans, but they’re actually not that effective at eliminating toxins, Smith said. [foxnews.com]

    Psychiatric and behavioural disorders Patients complaining of neurotoxic syndromes frequently report that they are depressed, anxious, forgetful, or simply “not right”. [jnnp.bmj.com]

Workup

[…] blood Vitamin B-12 Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance Axonal neuropathy Cryoglobins and hepatitis C evaluation Immunofixation (for paraneoplastic neuropathy) Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein level: Usually normal in toxic neuropathy See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

Microbiology

  • Bordetella Pertussis

    Abstract BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The adenylate cyclase (CyaA) toxin is a major virulent factor of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Background Information Bordetella pertussis (the causative agent of whooping cough) secretes a biological toxin; pertussis toxin. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

  • Pseudomonas

    الصفحة 150 - Physical and functional analyses of the syrA and syrB genes involved in syringomycin production by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, J. ‏ [books.google.com]

  • Fusarium

    […] species Fusarium toxins given T-2 toxin grains graminearum Hoerr Human and Animal inhibition inhibitors J. [books.google.com]

Treatment

Treatment plans for the individual that has Mold Related Illness are made as the information is received. Acutely ill individuals are started on immediate treatment based on both the symptoms and acute laboratory abnormalities. [johnsonmedicalassociates.com]

Toxin crosses the blood-brain barrier and has been used in the treatment of central nervous system autoimmune disease such as multiple sclerosis. The lethal dose (LD50) for humans is estimated to be 10ug/kg i.p. or 700ug if you weigh 155 pounds. [viceprovost.tufts.edu]

After undergoing this treatment, she did feel better. However, within five months the illness returned. [amenclinics.com]

Physical examination Neurological exam Electromyography Nerve conduction velocity test Blood test for toxins Urine test for toxins Treatment & Therapy (Not all treatments and therapies may be indicated.) [foundationforpn.org]

Patients that are high in perchlorate can use a reverse osmosis water treatment system to remove perchlorate. [greatplainslaboratory.com]

Prognosis

Clinical prognosis of patients with diagnosed chronic solvent intoxication. Acta Neurol Scand. 1982 May. 65(5):488-503. [Medline]. Antti-Poika M. Overall prognosis of patients with diagnosed chronic organic solvent intoxication. [emedicine.medscape.com]

It is probable that the psychiatric/psychological problems are often ignored and even trivialised so there is little reliable information on the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of mental health problems in such groups of people. [jnnp.bmj.com]

Etiology

In some patients, extensive search for an etiology may fail to uncover the exact cause of neuropathy. Many chemicals are known to cause neuropathy in laboratory animals. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology

Citizen-Science Alliances and Health Social Movements: Contested Illnesses and Challenges to the Dominant Epidemiological Paradigm 2. Breast Cancer: A Powerful Movement and a Struggle for Science 3. [cup.columbia.edu]

Some of these have been associated with neuropathy in clinical epidemiologic studies, confirming their ability to injure the human peripheral nervous system (PNS). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Contact Information Bureau of Environmental Epidemiology Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services PO Box 570 Jefferson City, MO 65102 Telephone: 573-751-6102 or (toll-free) 866-628-9891 Fax: 573-526-6946 Email: [email protected] [health.mo.gov]

REFERENCES Arsenic and human health: Epidemiologic progress and public health implications Rev. Environ. Health 2012 27 191 195 Dietray diversity is associated with child nutritional status: Evidence from 11 demographic and health surveys J. [academic.oup.com]

Pathophysiology

Organic solvents are frequently implicated but there is no known pathophysiological explanation for this problem. [jnnp.bmj.com]

Pathophysiology Neuropathy may be categorized by presentation (ie, motor or sensory symptoms), electrodiagnostic features, and neuroanatomical location within the peripheral nerve (ie, demyelinating or axonal, neuronopathy, ion channel neuropathy, neuromuscular [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevention

What to Do if Toxins are Present There are several things you can do to prevent or reduce your exposure to toxins. The following is only a partial list of possibilities from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Substitution. [employment.findlaw.com]

Seite 17 - Prevents further deterioration and protects and enhances the status of aquatic ecosystems and, with regard to their water needs, terrestrial ecosystems and wetlands directly depending on the aquatic ecosystems... ‎ [books.google.de]

This suggests that L-serine may be useful as a preventive therapy in people at risk of neurodegenerative illness. [theconversation.com]

According to Di Renzo, reproductive health professionals "witness first-hand the increasing numbers of health problems facing their patients, and preventing exposure to toxic chemicals can reduce this burden on women, children and families around the [sciencedaily.com]

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