Obstructive hydrocephalus is present with mild ventricular dilatation. [neuroradiologyonthenet.blogspot.com]

Obstructive hydrocephalus is present. [18] MRI Brain MRI may be diagnostic of pineal germinoma. [wikidoc.org]

Suprasellar region germinoma can present with isolated hypothalamic–pituitary axis dysfunction such as diabetes insipidus, delayed growth, menstrual irregularities, or precocious puberty, while pineal region germinoma can present with features of raised [n.neurology.org]

Clinical presentation depends on tumor location and may involve endocrine, hypothalamic, visual, and cognitive dysfunction. [jamanetwork.com]

Although intracranial germinomas may present with synchronous midline lesions, development of metachronous testicular germ cell primaries seems to be extremely rare, and confirmed dissemination of intracranial GCT to the testes has never been reported [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Splenomegaly

  The clinical examination showed: weight 50.5 kg (10th centile), height 167 cm (10-25th percentile), head circumference 53.2 cm (10-25th percentile), cardiorespiratory and abdominal examination was normal, with no hepato-splenomegaly. [sciforschenonline.org]

• Hiccup

  A 31-year-old woman complained of intractable hiccups, hoarseness, and swallowing disturbance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Patients may often complain of headache, impaired vision, and hiccups among other symptoms. Reviewing the brain CT and MRI scans is very important for diagnosing brain stem germinomas. [wjso.biomedcentral.com]

  Lower cranial nerves dysfunction, disturbance of breathing and cerebellar function, headache, nystagmus, sensory and motor disturbance, visual disturbance, and hiccups are the key symptoms reported.[ 3 9 ] From preoperative brain MRI of our patient, the [surgicalneurologyint.com]

• Dysarthria

  Traced back her clinical course, she had suffered from suboccipital pain, dizziness, and blurred vision for 6 months; about 2 months prior to the visit, she experienced dysarthria and intermittent swallowing disturbance. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

  A neurologic examination on admission revealed ataxic paraplegia in the bilateral lower extremities, positive Babinski sign in the left lower extremity, sensory disturbance below the T8 level and pain in the lower abdomen and thighs, mild dysarthria, [ajnr.org]

• Slow Speech

  speech Fatigue Loss of appetite Hair loss Presyncopal episodes Personality changes Double vision Trouble coordinating motor movements Difficulty walking Slowed growth Physical Examination Compression of the superior colliculi can lead to a characteristic [wikidoc.org]

• Dysmetria

  Deficiency in upward-gaze Pupillary light-near dissociation (pupils respond to near stimuli but not light) Convergence-retraction nystagmus Papilledema Neurological Mental retardation Muscle spasms Hemiparesis Loss of bladder control Ataxia Tremor Dysmetria [wikidoc.org]

• Dystonia

  Focal hand dystonia secondary to Basal Ganglia germinoma. J Clin Neurol. 2007;3: 150–153. pmid:19513283 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 10. Jorsal T, Rørth M. Intracranial germ cell tumours. [journals.plos.org]

• Personality Change

  It is heterogeneous with areas of cystic change. There is marked compression of the tectum with resulting obstructive hydrocephalus. [wikidoc.org]

Neurosarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and fungal infection show granulomatous response, and a detailed clinical workup is necessary to look for systemic involvement. [ijabmr.org]

The staging workup should include assays for AFP and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). AFP is elevated in almost all cases of endodermal sinus tumor and in many other patients with GCTs ( 12, 13 ). [radiologykey.com]

In the archives of 3 pathology departments, we found records of 7 patients with mediastinal GCTs who underwent mediastinal FNAB as part of the diagnostic workup. [thedoctorsdoctor.com]

The specific treatment will depend on the germinoma's location, size, and other characteristics. [danafarberbostonchildrens.org]

Therefore, RT is the standard treatment for localized intracranial germinomas. [omicsonline.org]

We found that the β-HCG level declined significantly after treatment. Of the 40 cases examined, 37 had a β-HCG ≥ 0.1 mIU/mL before treatment and the level decreased to < 0.1 post treatment. This result is consistent that of prior study [ 40 ]. [journals.plos.org]

[…] and late effects of each treatment approach. [connection.asco.org]

Imaging studies and the analysis of your CSF will help your doctors to develop a treatment plan and to monitor your response to treatment. Blood tests can also be useful in diagnosing germ cell tumors. [houstonmethodist.org]

Accessed on December 2, 2015 ↑ Treatment and prognosis of pineal germinoma. Dr Henry Knipe et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pineal-germinoma. Accessed on December 2, 2015 ↑ Prognosis of pineal germinoma. [wikidoc.org]

The prognosis is closely related to the histological subtype. Pure germinomas are highly radiosensitive, whereas NGGCTs are less sensitive to radiotherapy and they have a worse prognosis [17,18]. [sciforschenonline.org]

Prognosis With proper diagnosis and treatment the prognosis for Pineal Germinoma is quite good. The five-year survival rate with radiation is as high as 90%. [knowcancer.com]

Overall the prognosis is good, with over 90% 5-year survival with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. [radiopaedia.org]

These types of tumors are surgically treated with chemotherapy and I or and the prognosis is good. [pure.udem.edu.mx]

Even in the United States, individuals with Asian/Pacific Islander ancestry have a two- to threefold higher risk of intracranial GCT compared with whites, suggesting that genetic factors may be more important than environmental factors in the etiology [uptodate.com]

The polydipsia and polyuria were thought to be of psychogenic etiology because there were serious psychosocial issues in the family though the urine specific gravity was clearly low. [n.neurology.org]

The most common etiologies of spinal cord compression are lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and masses including primary and metastatic tumor. [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

The etiology of extragonadal GCTs is unknown; in rare cases, they have been associated with Klinefelter syndrome [ 9 – 12 ]. [wjso.biomedcentral.com]

The etiology of primary prostate seminoma is unclear, although there are several possibilities: The origin of the urinary and reproductive systems is similar and the two are closely associated with each other. [spandidos-publications.com]

This article focuses on the epidemiology, embryology, clinical presentation, means of diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of this rare neoplasm. [jamanetwork.com]

This publication takes advantage of the knowledge and experience of Japanese experts in pineal tumors, with emphasis on epidemiology and pathological diagnosis. [books.google.com]

Accessed on December 1, 2015 ↑ Epidemiology of pineal germinoma. Operative Neurosurgery 2015. http://operativeneurosurgery.com/doku.php?id=pineal_germinoma. Accessed on Dcember 2, 2015 ↑ 10.0 10.1 Epidemiology of pineal germinoma. [wikidoc.org]

[…] surgery and chemotherapy, no vascular invasion, no yolk sac or choriocarcinoma components Gross description Unencapsulated, homogenous fleshy mass with indistinct boundaries and invasion of adjacent structures, hemorrhage or necrosis Choriocarcinoma Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

EPIDEMIOLOGY In North America and Europe, intracranial GCTs represent 0.5 to 3 percent of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors [ 1 ]. [uptodate.com]

It brings together the pathophysiology of disease with detailed clinical guidance on diagnosis and management for the full range of childhood cancers, including aspects important in optimal supportive care. [books.google.com]

It refers to a tumor in the pineal gland that has a histology identical to two other tumors: dysgerminoma in the ovary and seminoma in the testis. [2] Pathophysiology Pathogenesis Pineal germinoma is a malignant neoplasm of the germinal tissue of the [wikidoc.org]

Pathophysiology Controversy remains regarding the origin of extragonadal germ cell tumors. These tumors can be found anywhere on the midline, particularly the retroperitoneum, the anterior mediastinum, the sacrococcyx, and the pineal gland. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The child was treated with emergency decompression surgery and high-dose pulse steroid therapy to prevent secondary injury to the spinal cord. [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

[…] sudden cardiac death - guidance (IPG603) Source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence - NICE - 20 December 2017 Evidence-based recommendations on subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion for preventing sudden cardiac [evidence.nhs.uk]

Radiation therapy : This treatment is important in controlling the local growth of the tumor and preventing the spread of the tumor. [danafarberbostonchildrens.org]

Tuba KURUOGLU,Mehmet Emin ONGER,Derya BAYIRLI TURAN,Enis KURUOGLU The Preventative Effect of α-Tocopherol on Spinal Epidural Fibrosis After Laminectomy in a Rat Model. [turkishneurosurgery.org.tr]

Prevention & Screening Many cancers can be prevented with lifestyle changes and regular screening. Counseling MD Anderson has licensed social workers to help patients and their loved ones cope with cancer. [mdanderson.org]