Here we present a case of a follicular variant of papillary carcinoma with renal and lung metastasis at presentation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CASE STUDY Initial Presentation A 49-year-old man with no significant past medical history presents with a painless mass in the anterior part of his neck. [jcomjournal.com]

FPTC generally presents at a younger age but presentation at almost the same age is an interesting finding. All sisters lived in different parts of world and were exposed to different environmental conditions. [journals.sfu.ca]

ORPHA:97290 Synonym(s): PTC-RCC Prevalence: - Inheritance: - Age of onset: Elderly ICD-10: C64 C73 OMIM: 605642 UMLS: C1854104 MeSH: - GARD: - MedDRA: - The documents contained in this web site are presented for information purposes only. [orpha.net]

• Thyroid Nodule

  As thyroid nodules are relatively common in the general population, any given subject with a thyroid nodule may not carry the fPTC/PRN susceptibility gene. [academic.oup.com]

  MTC occurs in less than 0.5% of thyroid nodules and calcitonin testing is not routinely done in the initial evaluation of a thyroid nodule. [ocw.tufts.edu]

  Thyroid nodules in the context of an autoimmune thyroiditis may have a higher risk of malignancy [4]. [jcomjournal.com]

  Most thyroid carcinomas occur in cold nodules, but only 10% of cold nodules are carcinomas. [cancernetwork.com]

  Presentation Thyroid cancer presents as a thyroid nodule. Thyroid nodules are frequent (4-50% depending on the diagnostic procedures and the patient's age); however, thyroid cancer is rare (c. 5% of all thyroid nodules). [patient.info]

• Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

  1) Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) Familial adenomatous polyposis is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. [shifrinmd.com]

  Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (AFAP) APC gene (Source: Genetics 4 Medics ) Individuals with classic FAP develop hundreds to thousands of colorectal polyps and have a virtually 100% lifetime risk of [mygenecounsel.com]

  The first includes familial syndromes characterized by a predominance of non-thyroidal tumors, such as familial adenomatous polyposis and PTEN-hamartoma tumor syndrome, within others. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Familial adenomatous polyposis is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. [frontiersin.org]

  Among the first group are found syndromes characterised by a predominance of non‐thyroidal tumours, including familial adenomatous polyposis, Cowden syndrome, Werner syndrome, Carney complex, and Pendred syndrome. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

• Surgical Procedure

  Total thyroidectomy — A surgical procedure that removes the entire thyroid gland. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  This information helps the surgeon determine the optimal surgical procedure for the patient. Thyroid cancers can also spread through the bloodstream. [oncolink.org]

  Less extensive surgical procedures may be acceptable in the case of unifocal DTC diagnosed at final histology after surgery performed for benign thyroid disorders, provided that the tumour is small, intrathyroidal and of favourable histology. [patient.info]

  We performed surgical procedures in all cases. In 5 cases of disease-free status, complete surgical removal of tumor was performed in the first operation, and no recurrence occurred during the follow-up period. [kjorl.org]

  The prophylactic surgical procedure of choice is total thyroidectomy with or without central lymph node dissection. [cancernetwork.com]

• Swelling

  Some symptoms might include swelling, trouble swallowing, pain, change in voice, and difficulty in breathing The exact cause of Papillary Thyroid Cancer is not known. [dovemed.com]

  Symptoms: Enlargement or a nodule of the thyroid gland or neck swelling Hoarseness or changing voice Cough or cough with bleeding Difficulty swallowing Note: Symptoms may vary depending on the type of thyroid cancer Signs and tests: A physical examination [uclahealth.org]

  Maintain the bed in a high-Fowler position to decrease edema and swelling of the neck. To avoid pressure on the suture line, encourage the patient to avoid neck flexion and extension. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Signs of thyroid cancer include a swelling or lump in the neck. Thyroid cancer may not cause early signs or symptoms. It is sometimes found during a routine physical exam. Signs or symptoms may occur as the tumor gets bigger. [cancer.gov]

  Performing the lymph node dissection on both sides at the same time could lead to unnecessary swelling (edema) of the head and face if time is not given between operations for alternate pathways of blood and lymph flow to form. [columbiasurgery.org]

• Thyroid Lump

  Any patient with a thyroid lump and associated stridor should be referred for same day review by a secondary care specialist, as this may be due to recurrent laryngeal nerve involvement secondary to a thyroid carcinoma. [patient.info]

  Sometimes lumps or masses may develop in the thyroid, and although most (ninety-five percent) of these lumps or nodules are noncancerous (benign), all thyroid lumps should be taken seriously. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Vomiting

  Fever was the most frequent complication of antimony intolerance (five cases), followed by cough (three cases), rash (two cases), injection site erythema (two cases), musculoskeletal pain (one case), asthenia (one case), and vomiting (one case). [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

  […] inhibit the growth of new blood vessels in the tumors, hence slowing growth and in some cases reducing the size of the tumors. [97] Side effects unfortunately are quite common with these treatments and include: [98] Gastrointestinal effects – nausea, vomiting [en.wikipedia.org]

• Nausea

  […] aim to inhibit the growth of new blood vessels in the tumors, hence slowing growth and in some cases reducing the size of the tumors. [97] Side effects unfortunately are quite common with these treatments and include: [98] Gastrointestinal effects – nausea [en.wikipedia.org]

• Aggressive Behavior

  The traditional classification of thyroid cancer as well differentiated carcinomas (papillary and follicular) characterized by relatively good prognosis, or poorly differentiated carcinomas (follicular, anaplastic) associated with aggressive behavior, [hormones.gr]

  […] by radioiodine therapy and hormone suppression therapy) in order to counter the aggressive behavior of FNMTC. [omicsonline.org]

  In addition, c-Met overexpression promotes the aggressive and invasive behavior of cells in thyroid carcinoma [31–33]. [hindawi.com]

  Though less penetrants, renal tumors usually present aggressive behavior (7). Affected individuals harbor a germline heterozygous loss-of-function mutation of the Krebs cycle enzyme, fumarate hydratase (FH) gene, which acts as tumor suppressor. [scielo.br]

  behaviors of thyroid microcarcinomas in Korean patients ENDOCRINE JOURNAL 53/5 :627-632,2006 재발성 갑상선 유두암에 대한 경피적 에탄올 주입술의 치료효과 대한외과학회지 71/3 :178-182,2006 Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis 대한영상의학회지 7/4 :229-234,2006 [gs.iseverance.com]

• Confusion

  Other Concepts Annotation do not confuse with other diseases with "FANCONI" as part of the name History note 1965; LIGNAC-FANCONI SYNDROME was LIGNAC-FANCONI DISEASE use METABOLIC DISEASES 1963-1964 Public Note 1965; LIGNAC-FANCONI SYNDROME was LIGNAC-FANCONI [medvik.cz]

  Diagnostic methods Diagnosis of MSL may be complicated because of confusion with obesity. Clinical findings showing a specific distribution of adipose tissue are diagnostic (specifically, sparing of the distal arms and legs), as is alcohol abuse. [orpha.net]

  […] cancer, papillary Tumor features (possible) breast cancer Non-tumor features hearing loss, neurosensory Comment This disorder is characterized by the development of nonchromaffin paragangliomas (also known as chemodectomas or glomus tumors, not to be confused [familialcancerdatabase.nl]

  In this scenario patients may be left confused and to some extent unnecessarily worried once they hear the word “familial”. It is important to properly discuss with patients that close monitoring is the only way forward at the moment. [journals.sfu.ca]

  OCVPC may be confused with other oncocytic tumors. [hindawi.com]

(For a discussion of genetic testing to screen for RET mutations in MEN kindreds, see section on “Diagnostic workup.”) [cancernetwork.com]

[…] known to have tsc (positive family history: the father and 2 younger sisters of the patient also have tsc; Figure 1) was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences for a diagnostic workup [current-oncology.com]

[…] thyroid cancer, but occult cervical lymph node metastases are now known to be a common finding in this disease. [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is considered the best first-line diagnostic procedure for a thyroid nodule (see Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

Since 2002, thyroid US has become an optional workup in health promotion programs at most hospitals in Korea, meaning that people can easily undergo US screenings at a cost of $30-$50, which has led to an abrupt increase in the detection and treatment [e-ultrasonography.org]

Treatment Options by Stage For information about the treatments listed below, see the Treatment Option Overview section. [cancer.gov]

There is a valuable reference atlas of scan images and illustrations, and a scholarly summary of the side effects of radioiodine and how to avoid or minimize adverse effects of treatment. [books.google.com]

Treatment varies depending on the type of tumor. [uclahealth.org]

Determine the toxicity of this treatment in these patients. II. Determine the pharmacokinetic profile of this treatment in these patients. III. Determine the progression-free and overall survival of these patients. IV. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Endocrine surgeon Peter Angelos, MD, is an internationally respected authority on the treatment of endocrine cancers. [uchospitals.edu]

Recurring tumors have worse prognosis compared to tumors that do not recur Response to treatment: Tumors that respond to treatment have better prognosis compared to tumors that do not respond to treatment If diagnosed early and treated promptly, the prognosis [dovemed.com]

[…] very poor prognosis Please rate topic. [medbullets.com]

Therefore, the increase in the number of lymph node metastases may increase the risk for a worse prognosis. Results of clinical studies indicate that older patients who have lymph node metastases have a worse prognosis than younger patients. [hindawi.com]

Early detection is crucial for improving the prognosis but challenging because symptoms often appear late in the course of the disease. [amboss.com]

[…] and intermediate-poor prognosis groups. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Carcinoma/radiotherapy, Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy, Pemphigus/etiology, Radiation Injuries/etiology, Acantholysis/drug therapy, Acantholysis/etiology, Acantholysis/pathology, Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use, Antigens/immunology, Antineoplastic [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

Etiology The genetic etiology has been identified in a handful of families, and includes mutations in either GATM (15q21.1), involved in mitochondrial function, EHHADH (3q27.2), due to a specific mutation (c.7G>A) that introduces a mitochondrial targeting [orpha.net]

Pathophysiology The histopathology varies with the etiology and duration of the goiter. [ocw.tufts.edu]

Thoroughly revised and extensively expanded, this encyclopedic, highly acclaimed title addresses all aspects of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, initial treatment and long-term management of all varieties of thyroid cancer. [books.google.com]

Whereas the susceptibility gene for hereditary MTC, namely multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), is well defined, finding the genetic etiology for the familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma syndromes is proving arduous. [dx.doi.org]

Psoriasis/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algeria/epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Morocco/epidemiology, Pruritus/epidemiology, Pruritus/etiology, Psoriasis/etiology, Psoriasis [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

Epidemiology References: [1] [2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Summary Epidemiology The prevalence of the condition is not known. Clinical description Onset is typically between infancy and childhood with symptoms related to tubular loss of nutrients, water and electrolytes. [orpha.net]

The Canadian Cancer Society Epidemiology Statistics are also provided in an easy to use Web-based format. Examine the changing trends in thyroid cancer incidence by region, age, sex, or compare variables. [mythyroid.com]

Pathophysiology The histopathology varies with the etiology and duration of the goiter. [ocw.tufts.edu]

In 2015, 765,547 patients living with thyroid cancer in the United States Etiology and Pathophysiology No established etiologic factors of pathogenesis; most cases arise spontaneously. [unboundmedicine.com]

These findings may be pathophysiologically similar, but their diagnostic significance is different. [karger.com]

NMTC type 1 syndrome [10], and the telomere abnormalities and chromosome fragility might display in FPTC family [11]; Specifically, familial NMTC and its relationship with familial MNG are recognized as distinct clinical entities, and the molecular pathophysiology [journals.sfu.ca]

Pathophysiological study of diarrhoea in a patient with medullary thyroid carcinoma. Evidence against a secretory mechanism and for the role of shortened colonic transit time. [kjorl.org]

Prevention Different factors cause different types of cancer. Researchers continue to look into what factors cause this type of cancer, including ways to prevent it. [cancer.net]

Prevention: There is no known prevention. Awareness of risk (such as previous radiation therapy) can allow earlier diagnosis and treatment. < Back to Thyroid Cancer [uclahealth.org]

Prevention Because most people with thyroid cancer have no known risk factor, it is not possible to completely prevent this disease. However, inherited cases of medullary thyroid cancer can be prevented and radiation to the neck is avoided. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Screening and prevention of colorectal cancer Source: Finnish Medical Society Duodecim This article is freely available only to users in the UK. [evidence.nhs.uk]

Individuals with Attenuated FAP (AFAP) develop 10-100 colon polyps and have ~70% lifetime risk to develop colorectal cancer without preventive removal of the colon. Other cancers and benign findings can be seen in both conditions. [mygenecounsel.com]