The cross-reaction elucidated in the present study between the F. gigantica ES and egg antigens was mainly at the low serum dilutions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pain

  Here, we report the case of Fasciola gigantica presenting with biliary obstruction and abdominal pain that was diagnosed and treated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The mass was painful and itchy, and the patient sometimes felt something moving in the mass. [doi.org]

  All Rights Reserved [Skip to Content Landing] Download PDF Full Text Cite This Permissions January 1974 Arch Surg. 1974;108(1):113-115. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1974.01350250099026 Full Text A woman, who had lived in equatorial Africa, complained of pain [jamanetwork.com]

• Inflammation

  Inflammation of the pancreas may also occur. [cdc.gov]

  Along the back of the fluke is a spine that can cause inflammation in the host. Liver flukes are simultaneous hermaphrodites, i.e. they have both male and female reproductive organs. Quick history: Fasciola gigantica isn't a new mutated fluke. [fasciolagigantica.weebly.com]

  […] electrolytes (calcium, chloride, phosphore), protein metabolism (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen), plasma proteins (albumin, total proteins), carbohydrate metabolism (glucose, amylase), hepatic lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, triglycerides) and inflammation [dialnet.unirioja.es]

  The infection is most often characterized by fever, pain, eosinophilia, and abdominal inflammation [4]. The intermediate host of liver fluke F. gigantica is a hermaphroditic mollusk Lymnaea acuminata, inhabiting freshwater ponds and ditches. [hindawi.com]

• Fever

  With no fever and showing good recovery, the patient was discharged at the end of July 2002. In August 2002, she felt pain on her knee associated with a reddish, itchy, and inflamed swelling. [doi.org]

  Nonspecific symptoms/signs (e.g., abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hepatomegaly, malaise, fever, cough) and laboratory abnormalities (e.g., peripheral eosinophilia, elevated transaminase levels) may develop. [cdc.gov]

  Field implementation using chlorophyll derivatives with sunlight for malaria, filarial and dengue fever vectors control in infested Africa swamps. Malar J. 2012;11(Suppl 1):P42. [ Links ] 13. Tripathi R, Singh VK, Singh DK. [scielo.br]

  The infection is most often characterized by fever, pain, eosinophilia, and abdominal inflammation [4]. The intermediate host of liver fluke F. gigantica is a hermaphroditic mollusk Lymnaea acuminata, inhabiting freshwater ponds and ditches. [hindawi.com]

• Swelling

  However, there were limited movements and some blebbing, swelling, deposition of tegumental secretions and some flattening displayed by the flukes of 48h post-treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Scanning electron microscopy examination of these flukes revealed evidence of swelling of the tegument that showed regional variation in its severity. Loss of spines was also observed. [new.puj.eg.net]

  In August 2002, she felt pain on her knee associated with a reddish, itchy, and inflamed swelling. [doi.org]

• Fishing

  The adult lives within the liver tissues of a vertebrate, and the larva within one or more secondary hosts such as a snail or fish.” [fasciolagigantica.weebly.com]

  Chlorophyllin as a possible measure against vectors of human parasites and fish parasites. Front Environ Sci. 2014;2:18. [ Links ] 23. Abdel-Kader MH, Al-Sherbini AS, El Tayeb TA. [scielo.br]

  Earlier, it has been reported that chlorophyllin and pheophorbide are photodynamically toxic against mosquito larvae and fish parasite in aquatic ecosystem [11–14]. [hindawi.com]

• Photosensitivity

  Photoforin, as a first generation photosensitizer, has some drawbacks of prolong skin photosensitivity and weak absorption at long wavelength [21]. [hindawi.com]

  Photosensitized singlet oxygen and its applications. Coord Chem Rev. 2002;233-4:351-71. [ Links ] 21. Kessel D, Smith K. Photosensitization with derivatives of chlorophyll. Photochem Photobiol. 1989;49:157-60. [ Links ] 22. [scielo.br]

• Neglect

  Soliman Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia Keywords: Fascioliasis, epidemiology, environment, human determinants Abstract One of the neglected food-borne-diseases in the international public health arena is fascioliasis [doi.org]

  Tolan Jr., “Fascioliasis due to Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica infection: an update on this ‘neglected’ neglected tropical disease,” Laboratory Medicine, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 107–116, 2011. View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar J. [hindawi.com]

• Agitation

  Using agitation, the chlorophyll has contacted the methanolic KOH and has been transformed into water soluble chlorophyllin by saponification and the consequent cleavage of the ester bond located between the chlorophyllin and the phytol tail. [scielo.br]

  On agitation the chlorophyll came into contact with the hydrochloric acid and transformed into water-soluble olive yellow coloured pheophorbide (Figure 1). 2.3. [hindawi.com]

• Fasciola Hepatica

  Gov't MeSH terms Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Cattle Cloning, Molecular* Cricetinae DNA, Complementary/chemistry DNA, Helminth/chemistry Fasciola/classification Fasciola/enzymology* Fasciola/genetics Fasciola hepatica/classification Fasciola [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The prepatent period had a longer duration in the Fasciola gigantica-infected groups. The percentages of floating cysts were greater in the Fasciola gigantica groups than in the Fasciola hepatica groups. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  This disease is produced by infection with Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica through the consumption of vegetables or water contaminated with the parasite’s metacercarial cysts. [ri.conicet.gov.ar]

  The pathology of infection, diagnostic procedures, and control measures are similar to those for F hepatica ( see Fasciola hepatica in Ruminants Fasciola hepatica in Ruminants Fasciola hepatica is one of the most important flukes of domestic ruminants [msdvetmanual.com]

• Hepatocellular Carcinoma

  Au et al., “Pheophorbide a, an active compound isolated from Scutellaria barbata, possesses photodynamic activities by inducing apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma,” Cancer Biology and Therapy, vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 1111–1116, 2006. [hindawi.com]

Flukes obtained from 24h post-treatment did not show any apparent change and were still very active. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment with nitroxynil may be an effective replacement for therapy with TCBZ in cases of resistance. [new.puj.eg.net]

To control acute fasciolosis due to the immature liver flukes a third treatment should be given in August. [ojvr.org]

No mortality of redia and cercaria larvae was observed in control group I (no chlorophyllin treatment and samples kept in sunlight), II (chlorophyllin treatment was given and samples were kept in the dark) and III (no chlorophyllin treatment and samples [scielo.br]

Fasciolosis Microchapters Home Patient Information Overview Historical Perspective Classification Pathophysiology Causes Differentiating Fasciolosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis [wikidoc.org]

KEYWORDS: Fasciola gigantica-like; Human fascioliasis; Nepal; South Central Asia; epidemiology; infection risk [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Soliman MFM (2008) Epidemiological review of human and animal fascioliasis in Egypt. [doi.org]

Elucidating these circulation ways is very critical for understanding the epidemiology and transmission of the disease and being ascertain how animals and humans enter the different liver fluke circulations in this endemic zone. [ijph.tums.ac.ir]

Fasciolosis Microchapters Home Patient Information Overview Historical Perspective Classification Pathophysiology Causes Differentiating Fasciolosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis [wikidoc.org]

[…] and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China f Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China g Institute of parasitic disease prevention and control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China Corresponding [karger.com]

Secondary Prevention Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy Future or Investigational Therapies Case Studies Case #1 Fasciola gigantica On the Web Most recent articles Most cited articles Review articles CME Programs Powerpoint slides Images American Roentgen [wikidoc.org]

Fasciola infection is both treatable and preventable. Above Images: Left: Fasciola hepatica egg in an unstained wet mount (400x magnification). F. hepatica eggs are broadly ellipsoidal, operculated, and measure 130–150 μm by 60–90 µm. [cdc.gov]

[…] actually or may act as potential hosts of Fasciola spp., compiling particular research on their geographical distribution and susceptibility, is needed as a helpful tool in the understanding of fasciolosis transmission, and therefore in the control and prevention [ri.conicet.gov.ar]

Doubtless, understanding the epidemiology of the parasitic diseases and factors affecting their incidence provides the foundation upon which effective prevention and control programs should be established. [doi.org]