Leading experts from Latin America, Africa, Near and Middle East, Indian Subcontinent, Far East, Oceania and Australia present their expert insights into specific conditions, as well as progress and challenges in the development of the specialty. [books.google.com]

Bagla presented early findings showing technical success in 17 of 18 men (94%) who underwent PAE and clinical success in 14 (93%) of the 17 patients. The men ranged in age from 57-81 years. [renalandurologynews.com]

The most accurate diagnosis comes from combining clinical presentation and angiographic imaging. [en.wikipedia.org]

Weakness may be present from hypokalaemia. Headaches and lethargy may also be present. [patient.info]

A bruit may be present over the affected vascular bed, although absence of a bruit does not rule out significant vascular disease. [cathlabdigest.com]

• Abdominal Bruit

  On examination, there was an audible abdominal bruit. [clinical.netforum.healthcare.philips.com]

  An abdominal bruit (a rubbing sound heard with a stethoscope placed on the abdomen suggesting a narrowed vessel) along with high blood pressure. Moderate to severely elevated blood pressure, with an onset before age 30 or after age 50. [endovascularwa.com.au]

  Renal FMD Clinical features of renal artery stenosis Secondary hypertension Abdominal bruit Symptoms of chronic kidney disease Flank or abdominal pain Cerebrovascular FMD Headache, neck pain, pulsatile tinnitus TIA, amaurosis fugax, stroke, Horner's syndrome [amboss.com]

  Noninvasive imaging to screen for renal artery FMD should be considered if one or more of the following is found: Evidence for FMD in any other arterial bed, such as the carotid or vertebral arteries; The presence of an abdominal bruit and hypertension [evtoday.com]

• Hypertension

  This method of treatment of renovascular hypertension is applicable in certain cases, mostly in patients with fibromuscular hyperplasia and in arteriosclerotic renal artery disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Introduction Clinical definition narrowing of one or both renal arteries this often causes renovascular hypertension grade 1 – RAS (Renal artery stenosis) with no clinical symptoms grade 2 – RAS with controlled hypertension grade 3 – RAS with resistant [medbullets.com]

  […] together with the treatment of hypertension. [cdt.amegroups.com]

  Secondary hypertension accounts for approximately 5-10% of all cases of hypertension, with the remaining being primary hypertension. Secondary hypertension has an identifiable cause whereas primary hypertension has no known cause (i.e., idiopathic). [cvphysiology.com]

  Uncontrolled systemic hypertension, intrarenal hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, and obesity all may potentially contribute to progressive atherosclerosis. [link.springer.com]

• Vascular Disease

  You are more likely to have vascular disease as you get older. [icdlist.com]

  Strategies for avoiding vascular disease include eating right, maintaining a desirable weight, quitting smoking, managing stress, and exercising regularly. Resources Periodicals Bloch, M. J., and T. Pickering. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an uncommon vascular disease. Patients with FMD have abnormal cellular growth in the walls of their medium and large arteries. This can cause the arteries with the abnormal growth to look beaded. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Ratliff NB (1985) Renal vascular disease: pathology of large blood vessel disease. Am J Kidney Dis 5:A93-A103 Google Scholar 16. Schreiber MJ, Pohl MA, Novick AC (1984) The natural history of atherosclerotic and fibrous renal artery disease. [link.springer.com]

  A bruit may be present over the affected vascular bed, although absence of a bruit does not rule out significant vascular disease. [cathlabdigest.com]

• Incontinence

  This minimally invasive treatment appears to have high success rates with no urologic complications, including impotence or incontinence, they found. [renalandurologynews.com]

  切迫性尿失禁 urgency incontinence 切迫性尿失禁 UUI OAB dry 切迫性尿失禁のない過活動膀胱 OAB wet 切迫性尿失禁をともなう過活動膀胱 zygote 接合子 excision 切除 resection 切除 resectoscope 切除鏡 incisional biopsy 切除生検 informed consent 説明と同意 IC seminoma セミノーマ Serratia marcescens セラチア Sertoli cell セルトリ細胞 Sertoli [glossary.urol.or.jp]

• Prostatic Disease

  Diseases Genital Diseases, Male Urological Manifestations Signs and Symptoms [clinicaltrials.gov]

  disease 前立腺疾患 prostatic neoplasm 前立腺腫瘍 prostatism 前立腺症 prostatosis 前立腺症 prostatic utricle 前立腺小室 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 前立腺上皮内腫瘍 PIN prostate biopsy 前立腺生検 prostatovesiculitis 前立腺精嚢炎 prostatovesiculectomy 前立腺精嚢摘除術 prostatolithotomy 前立腺切石術 [glossary.urol.or.jp]

Recognition of these differences is helpful in deciding on the most likely lesion type, appropriate workup and treatment. [link.springer.com]

See Workup for more detail. Management Partly because of the unknown etiology of FMD, no curative therapy exists. Fortunately, FMD is often benign when asymptomatic, and medical treatment is not indicated. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Small Kidney

  Ultrasonography of the renal tract - may show asymmetrically sized kidneys or small kidneys. [patient.info]

“Patients who have not been helped by surgery or laser treatments have benefited. Since the treatment does not involve placing a catheter or device into the penis, there is no risk of narrowing of the urethra, incontinence or bleeding.” [renalandurologynews.com]

This method of treatment of renovascular hypertension is applicable in certain cases, mostly in patients with fibromuscular hyperplasia and in arteriosclerotic renal artery disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Following treatment, patients will return for follow-up visits at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months post PAE. [clinicaltrials.gov]

[…] together with the treatment of hypertension. [cdt.amegroups.com]

Treatment Treatment for renal artery stenosis is either surgical, pharmaceutical, or with angioplasty or stenting. Angioplasty involves guiding a balloon catheter down into the renal artery and inflating the balloon to clear the blockage. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Prognosis [ edit ] Prognosis and outcome research is scant. In some cases if not managed properly FMD-related aneurysms can occur causing bleeding into the brain, resulting in stroke, permanent nerve damage, or death. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] allows assessment of end-organ ischemic damage. typical angiographic features include: vascular loops, fusiform vascular ectasia and a string of beads less typical features include: arterial dissection, aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis Prognosis is good in treated patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. However, patients may continue to be hypertensive and require lifelong antihypertensive therapy. Risk factors for long-term hypertension include older age at diagnosis. [patient.info]

HUS cases in endemic outbreaks have a better prognosis. The severity of systemic hypertension and duration of anuria are also factors related to prognosis. [kidneypathology.com]

and hypernatremia bilateral renal stenosis can lead to volume overload heart failure pulmonary edema Associated conditions other manifestations of atherosclerotic disease carotid artery disease lower extremity artery disease coronary heart disease Prognosis [medbullets.com]

[…] dissection Radiation injury : loss of muscle, intense fibrosis in all wall layers; usually after radiation treatment, including renal artery field years previous Takayasu’s aortitis : also called pulseless disease; chronic sclerosing aortitis of unknown etiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Fibromuscular Dysplasia Fibromuscular Hyperplasia, FMH Submitted by Ab Shrivastava, MD General Considerations Incidence 0.6% via angiography 1.1% via autopsy Female to male ratio 3:1 Presenting age 25-50 Pathology Developmental lesion of unknown etiology [learningradiology.com]

Although the etiology of FMD is unknown, several other associated vascular pathologies have been identified. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In patients with symptoms, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty has emerged as the treatment of choice in most involved vascular beds. 2 Etiology The etiology of FMD is currently unknown, although genetic, hormonal, and mechanical factors have been suggested [cathlabdigest.com]

[…] ses ) an abnormal narrowing or contraction of a body passage or opening; called also arctation, coarctation, and stricture. aortic stenosis obstruction to the outflow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta; in the majority of adult cases the etiology [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Epidemiology Age of onset : typically 30–50 years ;, but can manifest at any age Sex : ( 8:1 ) Ethnicity : increased prevalence among the white population References: [1] [2] [3] [4] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Methods Statistics Trigonometry Medical & Nursing Anatomy Anesthesiology Audiology Bacteriology Biochemistry Bioethics Biomedical Science Cardiology Cardiovascular Childbirth Chiropractic Dentistry Dermatology Diagnostic Imaging Drugs Endocrinology Epidemiology [brainscape.com]

[…] renal arteries this often causes renovascular hypertension grade 1 – RAS (Renal artery stenosis) with no clinical symptoms grade 2 – RAS with controlled hypertension grade 3 – RAS with resistant hypertension, abnormal renal function, or volume overload Epidemiology [medbullets.com]

Although the multiple manifestations of a structural arteriopathy in FMD hint of a genetic cause, such as collagen or elastin mutation, epidemiologic data suggesting familial transmission are generally weak. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology Many decades ago the prevalence of primary aldosteronism as a cause of hypertension was thought to be very low - figures like 0.5%-2% had been quoted. [ 1, 2 ] However, it has subsequently emerged that these low prevalence rates were simply [patient.info]

Brenner/Rector remains the go-to resource for practicing and training nephrologists and internists who wish to master basic science, pathophysiology, and clinical best practices. [books.google.com]

Pathophysiology Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an idiopathic, non-inflammatory, non-atherosclerotic, developmental condition that primarily affects small and medium-sized muscular arteries. [amboss.com]

smoking and fatty diet) fibromuscular dysplasia kidney transplant patients high calcium or phosphorous levels high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels Pathophysiology pathophysiology narrowing of artery lumen due to atherosclerosis fibromuscular [medbullets.com]

It is less effective at finding mid-artery or distal-artery disease so this needs to be considered if the underlying pathophysiology is thought to be fibromuscular dysplasia. [clinicaladvisor.com]

The pathophysiologic cause of hypertension in unilateral RAFMD is activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) secondary to postenotic drop of renal artery pressure and renal ischemia. [cdt.amegroups.com]

Reserpine prevents the vascular wall changes on the arterial as well as the venous side of the circulation. On the other hand, captopril although effective in preventing the blood pressure rise does not suppress the hyperplastic response. 4. [clinsci.org]

Prevention Maintaining a heart healthy lifestyle can help to prevent cases of renal arterial stenosis attributable to artherosclerosis. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

A few cloves a week cut risk by 32 percent and greater intake decreased risk even more While fruit and vegetable consumption in general helps prevent cancel in this study, garlic yielded the greatest preventive benefit of all the plant foods analyzed. [herbalcuresguide.com]

PTRA can also aide in preventing a lifelong dependency on a medication for such a young patient. [en.wikipedia.org]