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2.1
Flucytosine
Flucytosine - Teratogenic Agent

Images

WIKIDATA, Public Domain
WIKIDATA, CC BY-SA 4.0
WIKIDATA, CC BY-SA 4.0
WIKIDATA, Public Domain

Presentation

A premature infant with disseminated Candida tropicalis infection with arthritis and osteomyelitis is presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Entire Body System

  • Fatigue

    • Miscellaneous : Fatigue, decrease in blood potassium and sugar level, weakness, allergic reactions, Lyell's syndrome. Store it at room temperature (25°C). Advertisement Most Popular On Medindia: [medindia.net]

    Adverse Reactions: Cardiac events, chest pain, dyspnea, GI upset, abdominal pain, hepatic dysfunction, elevated creatinine and BUN, blood dyscrasias, ataxia, headache, confusion, fatigue, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, rash, allergic reactions, others. [empr.com]

Gastrointestinal

  • Nausea

    Flucytosine may cause nausea and vomiting. If you take more than one capsule per dose, swallow one capsule at a time over a 15-minute period to help prevent nausea and vomiting. Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time. [cigna.com]

    Swallow one capsule at a time over a 15 minute period to help prevent nausea and vomiting. Dosing The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. [mayoclinic.org]

    GIT manifestations: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Abdominal cramps and pain 4. Liver enzymes elevation 5. Nephrotoxicity 6. With prolonged use alopecia may occur as resembles anti-neoplastic drugs. [howmed.net]

  • Abdominal Pain

    pain, rash, elevated liver enzymes, blood disorders, confusion and headache. [aidsmap.com]

    • Respiratory : Respiratory arrest, chest pain and difficulty in breathing. • Skin : Rash, itching, hives and sensitivity to light. • Gastrointestinal : Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite, dry mouth, duodenal ulcer, gastrointestinal [medindia.net]

    GIT manifestations: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Abdominal cramps and pain 4. Liver enzymes elevation 5. Nephrotoxicity 6. With prolonged use alopecia may occur as resembles anti-neoplastic drugs. [howmed.net]

    Adverse Reactions: Cardiac events, chest pain, dyspnea, GI upset, abdominal pain, hepatic dysfunction, elevated creatinine and BUN, blood dyscrasias, ataxia, headache, confusion, fatigue, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, rash, allergic reactions, others. [empr.com]

    Tell your doctor right away if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), signs of liver problems (such as persistent nausea/vomiting, stomach/abdominal pain, dark urine, yellowing [webmd.com]

Urogenital

  • Kidney Failure

    failure. • Blood : Anemia, eosinophilia, decrease in white blood cells and platelets. • Central Nervous System : Incoordination, hearing loss, headache, tingling, Parkinsonism, peripheral neuropathy, fever, fainting, sleepiness, epilepsy, confusion, [medindia.net]

Neurologic

  • Headache

    A 52-year-old man with a history of HIV (CD4 count 155, and viral load 154 K), who is on antiretroviral treatment presented in the emergency room with acute onset of headache. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Adverse Effects: Hematologic: leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, bone marrow aplasia Gastric: intestinal perforation, ulcerating enterocolitis Hepatic: elevated liver enzymes, hepatitis, jaundice, azotemia Dermatologic: photosensitivity reaction CNS (rare): headache [antimicrobe.org]

    […] itraconazole ( Sporanox ): adding flucytosine to these drugs can improve treatment outcomes in HIV-positive patients. 1 2 Side-effects can include nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, rash, elevated liver enzymes, blood disorders, confusion and headache [aidsmap.com]

    • Central Nervous System : Incoordination, hearing loss, headache, tingling, Parkinsonism, peripheral neuropathy, fever, fainting, sleepiness, epilepsy, confusion, hallucinations and psychosis. • Miscellaneous : Fatigue, decrease in blood potassium [medindia.net]

Workup

An extensive infectious workup was carried out, which did not reveal any infectious aetiology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Microbiology

  • Toxoplasma Gondii

    Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [ PubMed:17016423 ] Fox BA, Belperron AA, Bzik DJ: Stable transformation of Toxoplasma gondii based on a pyrimethamine resistant trifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-cytosine deaminase-thymidylate synthase [drugbank.ca]

    [Article] Fox BA, Belperron AA, Bzik DJ: Stable transformation of Toxoplasma gondii based on a pyrimethamine resistant trifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-cytosine deaminase-thymidylate synthase gene that confers sensitivity to 5-fluorocytosine. [go.drugbank.com]

  • Microsporum

    Microsporum spp., Trichophyton spp. and Epidermophyton spp., Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides immitis are resistant to flucytosine. [life-worldwide.org]

Treatment

Whereas the role of Flucytosine in the treatment of candidal urinary tract infections has been reviewed recently. [web.archive.org]

Antifungal combinations for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in Africa. [thelancet.com]

A placebo-controlled trial of maintenance therapy with fluconazole after treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The California Collaborative Treatment Group. [drugs.com]

Prognosis

Abstract The incidence of aspergillosis is increasing while the prognosis remains dismal. Standard single-drug therapy with amphotericin B offers unacceptably low cure rates. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PANA (3) Objective: to investigate the importance of various ultrasound prognosis features in the assessment of the cervical ectropion treatment monitoring. [chsjournal.org]

Etiology

The etiology of candidiasis (Candida albicans in sputum) should be considered primarily in dermatology and gynecological conditions (especially the vagina with Candida albicans vulvovaginal). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology

Epidemiologic data and gene sequences were analyzed, and molecular typing was performed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Organized by types of fungi, this volume covers microbiologic, epidemiologic and demographic aspects of fungal infections as well as diagnostic, clinical, therapeutic, and preventive approaches. Special patient populations are also detailed. [books.google.com]

Pathophysiology

Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful Monitoring serum concentration during therapy Evaluating potential toxicity May be useful to evaluate patient compliance Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology [mayomedicallaboratories.com]

The aim of our study is to reveal possible significant statistical correlations between the two entities, which might warrant further study of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this association. [chsjournal.org]

Treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis with fluconazole: impact of dose and addition of flucytosine on mycologic and pathophysiologic outcome. Journal of Infectious Diseases 173, 1216 –21. 42 Larsen, R. A., Bozzette, S. A., Jones, B. [doi.org]

Prevention

WHO Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of cryptococcal disease in HIV-infected adults, adolescents and children. [thelancet.com]

(via organic amino compound ) antifungal drug Any antifungal agent used to prevent or treat fungal infections in humans or animals. [ebi.ac.uk]

Author information 1 Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. [email protected] Abstract Flucytosine and itraconazole are the only antifungal agents for which the Clinical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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