Presentation
We present case reports of 24-month-old twin girls, A and B, who presented to our clinic with food refusal and fear of feeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
- Weight Loss
INTRODUCTION: Pharmacotherapy for the management of obesity is primarily aimed at weight loss, weight loss maintenance and risk reduction (reduction in body fat, risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the incidence of diabetes mellitus). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
loss—Fluoxetine may cause weight loss. [migraines.org]
Adverse Effects: General Activating on the sedation to excitation continuum Most activation or aggravation of all SSRI s Anxiety or nervousness Akathisia Insomnia Consider Trazodone ( Desyrel ) at bedtime Avoid in the elderly Weight loss may occur X. [fpnotebook.com]
loss, sexual dysfunction Contraindications MAOI therapy. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Also, the same medications can cause weight gain in certain individuals and weight loss in others. There are also drugs that initially cause weight loss and then lead to weight gain with long-term use. [everydayhealth.com]
- Hyperthermia
The clinical features included coma, mydriasis, hyperthermia, tremor, hyperreflexia, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure and respiratory insufficiency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
• MAO inhibitors: Potential for severe reaction when used with MAO inhibitors; autonomic instability, coma, death, delirium, diaphoresis, hyperthermia, mental status changes/agitation, muscular rigidity, myoclonus, neuroleptic malignant syndrome features [web.archive.org]
Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include: sudden muscular contraction, tremor, rigidity, the inability to coordinate movements, irritability, altered consciousness, increased heart rate, hyperthermia, excessive sweating, shivering, abdominal cramping, nausea [everydayhealth.com]
Gastrointestinal
- Nausea
[…] lead to a number of psychological (e.g., nervousness, anxiety, crying spells, psychomotor agitation, irritability, depersonalization, decreased mood, memory disturbances, confusion, decreased concentration, and/or slowed thinking) and somatic (e.g., nausea [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, insomnia, anxiety, outbursts of violence, fever, skin rash and convulsions. This drug can interact dangerously, even fatally, with MAOI s. A brand name is Prozac. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, anxiety, trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, tiredness, sweating, or yawning may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor promptly. [webmd.com]
Psychiatrical
- Mood Swings
Doctors prescribe fluoxetine to treat conditions involving mental symptoms including depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, panic attacks and the mood swings and irritability caused by premenstrual dysphoric disorder. [livestrong.com]
Increased serotonin levels in the brain may be beneficial in patients with obsessive-compulsive dirder, alcoholism, certain types of headaches, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pre-menstrual tension and mood swings, and panic disorder. [minddisorders.com]
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): Track and Prevent Symptoms Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) can cause from mood swings, munchies, and more. Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatments of... [medicinenet.com]
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder characterized by mood swings, irritability, bloating, and breast tenderness in the premenstrual phase of the ovulatory cycle. How Fluoxetine is Taken Fluoxetine is taken by mouth, with or without food. [web.archive.org]
- Suicidal Ideation
Bo Fluoxetine (Prozac) The Worst Year of My Life rlmgo Fluoxetine My Life as a Suicidal Child Anonymous Fluoxetine (Prozac) & Sertraline (Zoloft) Violence and Suicide Ideation Lighty Fluoxetine (Prozac) Train Wrecks & Trip Disasters [2] Waiting Painfully [erowid.org]
Hum Psychopharmacol 16: 495 – 505 Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Hansen L, Wilkinson D ( 2001 ) Drug induced akathisia, suicidal ideation and its treatment in the elderly. [doi.org]
Suicide ideation acts and worsening in suicidal ideation. Binomial unconditional Mantel-Haenszel estimate. Mantel-Haenszel adjusted incidence difference. Pearson's chi-square test. [dx.doi.org]
Neurologic
- Headache
[…] psychological (e.g., nervousness, anxiety, crying spells, psychomotor agitation, irritability, depersonalization, decreased mood, memory disturbances, confusion, decreased concentration, and/or slowed thinking) and somatic (e.g., nausea, dizziness, headache [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Double-blind trial of fluoxetine: chronic daily headache and migraine. Headache. 1994 Oct;34(9):497-502. PubMed 17. Scahill L, Riddle MA, King RA, Hardin MT, Rasmusson A, Makuch RW, Leckman JF. [emedexpert.com]
Fluoxetine is also sometimes used to treat alcoholism, attention-deficit disorder, borderline personality disorder, sleep disorders, headaches, mental illness, posttraumatic stress disorder, Tourette's syndrome, obesity, sexual problems, and phobias. [medlineplus.gov]
Increased levels of the other stress hormone noradrenaline, also called norepinephrine, causes your blood vessels to constrict, which can cause your blood pressure to increase and can induce headaches. [livestrong.com]
- Agitation
Sudden discontinuation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI) can lead to a number of psychological (e.g., nervousness, anxiety, crying spells, psychomotor agitation, irritability, depersonalization, decreased mood, memory disturbances, confusion, decreased [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
It also causes you to feel jittery, anxious, nervous or agitated. [livestrong.com]
Tell your doctor right away if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: unusual or severe mental/mood changes (such as agitation, unusual high energy/excitement, thoughts of suicide ), easy bruising/bleeding, muscle weakness /spasm, shakiness [webmd.com]
You could get a high temperature/fever, agitation, confusion, trembling or weird muscle movements. You need to go to hospital if this happens. Tell the doctor everything that you have taken. [headmeds.org.uk]
- Hyperactivity
For the treatment of hyperactivity and inattention, psychostimulants demonstrate some benefit. [doi.org]
BACKGROUND: Serotonin is under-researched in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), despite accumulating evidence for its involvement in impulsiveness and the disorder. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more [drugs.com]
- Myoclonus
KEYWORDS: Anesthesia; Methylene blue; Myoclonus; Selective serotonin uptake inhibitor serotonin syndrome uptake inhibitor; Serotonin syndrome [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Fluoxetine has been used with success in obsessive-compulsive disorder and intention myoclonus, however, its use in these disorders remains investigational. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Available by prescription only Capsules: 10 mg, 20 mg (Prozac and Sarafem), 40 mg (Prozac) Capsules (delayed-release): 90 mg Oral solution: 20 mg/5 ml Tablets: 10 mg Indications and dosages Depression, bipolar disorder ◇, alcohol dependence ◇, cataplexy ◇, myoclonus [glowm.com]
and seizures may occur. • Serotonin syndrome: Symptoms of agitation, confusion, hallucinations, hyper-reflexia, myoclonus, shivering, and tachycardia may occur with concomitant proserotonergic drugs (ie, SSRIs/SNRIs or triptans) or agents which reduce [web.archive.org]
- Hyperreflexia
The clinical features included coma, mydriasis, hyperthermia, tremor, hyperreflexia, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure and respiratory insufficiency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] after delivery for direct toxic effects of this drug, drug discontinuation syndrome, and serotonin syndrome (e.g.,. respiratory distress, cyanosis, apnea, seizures, temperature instability, feeding difficulty, vomiting, hypoglycemia, hypo/hypertonia, hyperreflexia [drugs.com]
Treatment
He failed to respond to standard treatment with high dose intravenous immunoglobulin, but showed stabilization and improvement following treatment with fluoxetine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Heterogeneity of the treatment effect was tested by including a random treatment × time interaction. Time was the number of days from treatment initiation. [doi.org]
Prognosis
Prognosis for patients with chronic enterovirus encephalitis is poor, almost invariably resulting in mortality without specific treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Etiology
The significance of life events as etiologic factors in the diseases of children: II. A study of a normal population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 16, 205–213. Google Scholar Compas, B. E. (1987). [doi.org]
Upon the appearance of rash or of other possibly allergic phenomena for which an alternative etiology cannot be identified, fluoxetine should be discontinued. A major depressive episode may be the initial presentation of Bipolar Disorder. [fluoxetine60.com]
Epidemiology
Some epidemiological studies suggest an increased risk of cardiovascular malformations; however, the mechanism is unknown. [drugs.com]
J Clin Psychiatry 57: 449 – 454 Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Sachdev P ( 1995 ) The epidemiology of drug-induced akathisia: Part I. Acute akathisia. [doi.org]
Pathophysiology
Evidence suggests that neurotrophic factors, inflammatory markers, and circadian rhythm dysfunctions could be involved in pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Several lines of evidence suggest that sigma-1 receptors play roles in the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, as well as in the active mechanisms of some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). [dx.doi.org]
Our results suggest a potential clinical application for fluoxetine in amblyopia as well as new mechanisms for the therapeutic effects of antidepressants and for the pathophysiology of mood disorders. View Full Text [science.sciencemag.org]
Prevention
Fluoxetine plasma levels cannot be used to guide relapse-prevention treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Recognition and prevention of fluoxetine-associated drug interactions can improve patient safety and reduce preventable medication errors. References Latner AW. The Top 200 Drugs of 1999. The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same. [crediblemeds.org]