Gard·ner·el·la \ ˌgärd-nə-ˈrel-ə \ Medical Definition of Gardnerella : a genus of bacteria of uncertain taxonomic affinities that includes one ( G. vaginalis synonym Haemophilus vaginalis ) often present in the flora of the healthy vagina and present [merriam-webster.com]

A thin/watery gray-white discharge is present A fouls smell is present and often described as an Amine Odor or Fishy Smell. This smell is intensified after unprotected intercourse or when KOH is added (AKA Positive Whiff Test). [stomponstep1.com]

An exhaustive review of the published literature on this topic is presented. [journals.lww.com]

If 3 out of 4 criteria are present, then it is highly suggestive of Bacterial vaginosis. [diseasesweb.org]

Similarly, Burton et al [ 20 ] reported G. vaginalis to be present in only 19% of women without BV but provided no Nugent score. [academic.oup.com]

• Collapse

  […] sequences (alignment length 552 bp) of 68 cpn 60 sequences representing 112 isolates and 36 other isolates for which cpn 60 sequence was available from published genomes, using ClustalW and 100 bootstrap replicates in MEGA v6. cpn 60 sequences were collapsed [journals.plos.org]

• Purpura

  Seite 249 - ... month • hairy leukoplakia, oral • herpes zoster (shingles), involving at least two distinct episodes or more than one dermatome • idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura • listeriosis • pelvic inflammatory disease, particularly if complicated [books.google.de]

• Peripheral Neuropathy

  neuropathy For classification purposes, category B conditions take precedence over those in category A. ‎ [books.google.de]

  Other side effects of Metronidazole are metallic taste in the mouth, transient neutropenia, prolonged INR and possibility of peripheral neuropathy. There is a chance of having an allergic reaction to Metronidazole although it is very rare. [diseasesweb.org]

• Vaginal Discharge

  Gardnerella affects the colour, smell and consistency of vaginal discharge. In a healthy woman, vaginal discharge is completely normal. However it should be clear or white and shouldn’t have a strong smell or a lumpy or watery consistency. [onlinedoctor.lloydspharmacy.com]

  FSRH and BASHH Guidance (February 2012) Management of Vaginal Discharge in Non-Genitourinary Medicine Settings. [gpnotebook.co.uk]

  It is good to have STD screening done if there is vaginal discharge and irritation. [diseasesweb.org]

  Symptoms may include: Increased watery vaginal discharge Fishy or unpleasant vaginal discharge odor (especially after unprotected intercourse) Itchiness, burning or soreness around the vaginal opening Burning with urination Reviewed and revised by: Tina [livestrong.com]

  Clinical findings Discomfort; thin, grey, pungent (fishy odour) vaginal discharge; occasionally dysuria; vagina or vulva are generally not inflammed. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Vaginal Odor

  Diagnosis Your doctor will ask you to describe the vaginal odor and discharge. [drugs.com]

  Bacterial Vaginosis (Gardnerella Vaginitis) Overview Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal odor and discharge. It is caused by a change in the type of bacteria found in the vagina. [dallah-hospital.com]

  Published: March, 2019 Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal odor and discharge. It is caused by a change in the type of bacteria found in the vagina. [health.harvard.edu]

  In others, it causes an unpleasant "fishy" vaginal odor and a yellow or white vaginal discharge. For some women, these symptoms are especially bothersome during or after intercourse. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 12 13. [slideshare.net]

• Dysuria

  Symptomology characteristic of vaginitis is observed with pruritis of the labia as well as dysuria. A vaginal discharge with a pungent characteristic fishy odor is observed. [pathwaymedicine.org]

  Inflammation leads to burning, itching, erythema, dysuria and dyspareunia. Many leukocytes are seen on microscopic examination Patchy Erythema on cervix is referred to as Strawberry Petechiae. [stomponstep1.com]

  […] prevalence in pregnant US women is in the range of 16% to 29%, and up to 30% of women visiting infertility clinics may be affected by BV. [22] Clinical manifestations include discomfort and pungent odor, a gray, thin, homogenous discharge, but rarely dysuria [medscape.com]

  Clinical findings Discomfort; thin, grey, pungent (fishy odour) vaginal discharge; occasionally dysuria; vagina or vulva are generally not inflammed. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Typical symptoms of VVC include pruritus, vaginal soreness, dyspareunia, external dysuria, and abnormal vaginal discharge. None of these symptoms is specific for VVC. [web.archive.org]

• Foul Smelling Vaginal Discharge

  Gardnerella is one label used to describe a condition that causes unusual, foul-smelling vaginal discharge in women. It is named after Gardnerella vaginalis, a type of bacteria that can develop inside the vagina causing this condition. [onlinedoctor.lloydspharmacy.com]

  When symptoms do occur, you may have abnormal and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. The discharge is usually thin and dull gray or white. In some cases, it may also be foamy. [healthline.com]

  Some symptoms associated with vaginosis in women caused by G. vaginalis may include Gray, foul smelling vaginal discharge (the smell is particularly noticeable after intercourse, because semen is alkaline and reacts with the bacteria, causing the release [microbewiki.kenyon.edu]

• Urethral Discharge

  The presence of urethral discharge has been identified as an important diagnostic clue in the detection of certain sexually transmitted infections in males, 43 but the significance of G vaginalis is still controversial. 31 Specific cultures for G vaginalis [jamanetwork.com]

[…] bacteria and assign scores to each as shown: Lactobacillus (score, 0-4) Bacteroides / Gardnerella (score, 0-4) Mobiluncus (score, 0-2) Total scores are calculated and interpreted as follows: 0-3: Normal 4-6: Intermediate bacterial count 7-10: BV See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Salmonella Typhi

  Furthermore, in many instances the causative organism is present in the host but not causing overt disease such as asymptomatic carraige of STIs and gastrointestinal pathogens such as Salmonella typhi [ 49 ]. [academic.oup.com]

The low efficacy of BV treatment with metronidazole may be due to the presence of such biofilms. [jmm.microbiologyresearch.org]

If one partner is infected, diagnostic and treatment are required for both partners. It is necessary to abstain from any sexual interaction until the end of the treatment. [brulanta.com]

If the man is symptomatic and there are no other possible causes, a course of treatment can be provided. If the man has a female sexual partner with BV symptoms then treatment can be administered as a precaution. [thesticlinic.com]

Early treatment will help you get rid of this discomforting disease sooner than you think. References : [primehealthchannel.com]

[…] the therapy of choice, which can result in a complete cure Please find comprehensive information on Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) regarding definition, distribution, risk factors, causes, signs & symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention, prognosis [dovemed.com]

Prognosis The outlook is excellent. Bacterial vaginosis can return, but repeat treatment is usually successful. External resources CDC National Prevention Information Network (NPIN) National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention P.O. [drugs.com]

Prognosis Pregnant women with BV often have babies of low birth weight (less than 5.5 pounds) or who are premature Bacteria that cause BV may also cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Prognosis It may resolve without treatment. Up to 70% of patients have a relapse within three months of successful treatment. [ 2 ] [patient.info]

Observations concerning the microbial etiology of acute salpingitis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170 (4) 1008-1014, discussion 1014–1017 84 Jossens MO, Schachter J, Sweet RL. [doi.org]

Background and epidemiology: Bacterial vaginosis is a common condition with a poorly understood etiology, natural history and public health burden. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Despite the fact that bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the leading vaginal disorder globally, very little is known about its etiology or pathogenesis. [bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com]

[…] in young women Common finding in women with SIL (HPV infection) Uncommon in postmenopausal women, except those with hormonal replacement therapy Risk factors include multiple sexual partners, IUD, prior pregnancy, medication, spermicides and smoking Etiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Abstract The Gardnerella vaginalis infection of the urogenital tract, an STD, is of clinical importance in females and of epidemiological importance in males. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic Associations. — American J. Medicine 74: 14–21. Google Scholar 2. [link.springer.com]

Links: aetiology epidemiology pathogenesis clinical features investigation treatment of bacterial vaginosis comparison of characteristics of vaginal discharge (candida (thrush) versus bacterial vaginosis (BV) versus trichomoniasis) NICE - screening for [gpnotebook.co.uk]

Diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations. Am J Med. ‎ Seite 98 - US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1995. [books.google.de]

Patient Education Educate patients regarding the basic pathophysiology, natural history, and risk factors of the bacterial vaginosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Genomewide analysis of gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms: insights into the pathophysiology of S. epidermidis biofilms and the role of phenol-soluble modulins in formation of biofilms. J. Infect. [nature.com]

Ratner, Pathophysiology of Chorioamnionitis, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 10.1016/B978-0-323-35214-7.00174-8, (1737-1744.e3), (2017). Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Claudia Marchitelli, Hope K. [doi.org]

Causes and Preventative Methods While curing gardnerella is of course important – preventing the condition from occurring in the first place – it is even more preferable to be able to prevent it from arising in the first place. [healthguidance.org]

Finally, a monogamy sexual practice can prevent Bacterial vaginosis as it is more commonly associated with multiple sexual partners. This can also prevent sexually transmitted diseases. [diseasesweb.org]

Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1995. CDC, DSTDP (Division of STD Prevention). Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 1994. ‎ [books.google.de]

External resources CDC National Prevention Information Network (NPIN) National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention P.O. [drugs.com]

How can I prevent bacterial vaginosis? bacterial vaginosis is not well understood by scientists, and the best ways to prevent it are unknown. [medic8.com]