METHODS: A 22-day old baby presented with excessive crying, refusal of feed, progressive abdominal distension, fever and vomiting. Besides clinical assessment, body fluids were cultured. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Two cases presented with bacteraemia, and one case presented with meningitis. [hps.scot.nhs.uk]

Hib, for example may present as epiglottitis (severe swelling in the throat) or pneumonia. [immune.org.nz]

• Splenectomy

  Before and after splenectomy Hib is an uncommon cause of post-splenectomy sepsis in adults and children. Children older than 2 years who have received all scheduled doses of Hib vaccine do not require a booster dose after splenectomy. [www2.health.vic.gov.au]

  […] the respiratory tract, Children with chronic otitis, Patients with confirmed humoral immuno-deficiencies (IgG-2-deficiency, IgA-deficiency), Patients with confirmed granulocyte deficiencies, Patients under chemo or cytostatic therapy, Children after splenectomy [ibl-international.com]

• Chronic Infection

  One patient with a prosthetic joint infection was treated with chronic, suppressive antibiotic therapy after having refused surgical intervention [ 10 ]. The median length of antibiotic therapy was 42 days (IQR: 14–70). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Studies into the nature of this biofilm structure and proteins will help develop strategies to fight chronic infections. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Chancre

  H. ducreyi causes a venereal disease in humans known as chancroid, or soft chancre. [britannica.com]

  […] chronic bronchitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and otitis media, and occur frequently in lower respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis during acute exacerbations. (2) H. ducreyi appears to be the causative agent of the venereal disease soft chancre [catalog.hardydiagnostics.com]

  The H. ducreyi lesion (chancroid) is distinguished from a syphilitic lesion ( chancre ) in that it is a comparatively soft lesion. [microbiologybook.org]

• Purpura

  Subsequently, the patient develops petechiae, purpura, shock and may face death. The pathogenesis of this infection is poorly understood. The growth conditions for this organism are the same as those for H. influenzae. [microbiologybook.org]

• Chancroid

  The genus includes commensal organisms along with some significant pathogenic species such as H. influenzae—a cause of sepsis and bacterial meningitis in young children—and H. ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid. [dbpedia.org]

  H. ducreyi causes a venereal disease in humans known as chancroid, or soft chancre. [britannica.com]

  […] reclassification from Haemophilus spp.[21] H. aphrophilus is now Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (see module) H. paraphrophilus is now Aggregatibacter paraphrophilus (see module) H. segnis is now Aggregatibacter segnis (see module) H. ducreyi, agent of chancroid [hopkinsguides.com]

  One species causes chancroid, a sexually transmitted disease. Other species cause infections of heart valves ( endocarditis ) and, rarely, collections of pus (abscesses) in the brain, lungs, and liver. [msdmanuals.com]

All strains of H. influenzae genogroup b were isolated during routine urine culture workups at the VA Puget Sound Health Care System Clinical Microbiology Laboratory or the Houston VA Medical Center. [jcm.asm.org]

[…] presence of cellulitis Joint, lung, and sinus aspiration Transtracheal aspiration Tympanocentesis Pericardiocentesis Laparoscopy and tubal cultures in women: For suspected NTHi Culdocentesis and peritoneal fluid cultures in women: For suspected NTHi See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Aggregatibacter Aphrophilus

  H. parainfluenzae (most common) H. parahaemolyticus Taxonomy changes: reclassification from Haemophilus spp.[21] H. aphrophilus is now Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (see module) H. paraphrophilus is now Aggregatibacter paraphrophilus (see module) H. segnis [hopkinsguides.com]

  […] as Aggregatibacter aphrophilus. [catalog.hardydiagnostics.com]

  Reclassification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Haemophilus paraphrophilus, and Haemophilus segnis as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans gen. nov., comb. nov., Aggregatibacter aphrophilus comb. nov., and Aggregatibacter [asmscience.org]

Some people with certain medical conditions have an increased risk of infection, for example, those without a functioning spleen, and those who are immune compromised from a disease or treatment of a disease. [immune.org.nz]

Back in the Netherlands, a painful ulcer developed at the same body location, and despite treatment with flucloxacillin, his complaints worsened. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances. [healthychildren.org]

In adults, complete recovery is common with treatment ( Footnote 7 ), but for children there is a 2-5% mortality rate, even with treatment. [canada.ca]

Treatment and prognosis Mortality rates in patients with H. influenzae pneumonia have been reported as ranging around 10-42% Promoted articles (advertising) [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis The sequelae following Hib meningitis may include deafness, convulsions and intellectual impairment. [patient.info]

The prognosis of uncomplicated Hib pneumonia and nonencapsulated H influenzae infections is usually good. [emedicine.medscape.com]

An acute infectious disease, clinically manifested by hoarseness and stenosis of the respiratory tract (up to asphyxiation), is epiglottitis, the etiological factor of which in most cases is Haemophilus influenzae, type B. [mlst.net]

The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health Project: a 21st century childhood pneumonia etiology study. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54 Suppl 2:S93–101. https://doi.org/www.dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cir1052. PMID:22403238 110. [pneumonia.biomedcentral.com]

The oral cavity is usually a likely source of the etiologic agents in infections caused by these organisms. Such infections include endocarditis, brain abscesses, jaw infections and infections following human bites or finger sucking. [catalog.hardydiagnostics.com]

Vishniakova LA, Putov NV (1990) The etiology of acute pneumonia. Ter Arkh 62: 15-18. Sinopalnikov A, Romanov AG (2006) An infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonology 1. [omicsonline.org]

This periodontopathogenic genus with high percentage may also play an important role in the etiology of OLP. [nature.com]

An important epidemiologic aspect of Hib disease is the risk that it poses to contacts of the affected person. [emedicine.medscape.com]

An epidemiologic study with special reference to day-care centers. JAMA 1984; 252(18):2581-2584. Shapiro ED, Ward JI. The epidemiology and prevention of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. Epidemiol Rev 1991; 13:113-142.Tsang R. [ecdc.europa.eu]

We therefore studied the effect of the nasopharyngeal microbiome on viral load and mucosal cytokine responses, two important factors influencing the pathophysiology of RSV disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] settings where the test may be helpful Assessing a patient's immunological (IgG) response to Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccine Assessing immunity against HIB Aiding in the evaluation of immunodeficiency Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology [mayomedicallaboratories.com]

Pathophysiology The nomenclature (Haemophilus is Greek for "blood loving") acknowledges the fact that H influenzae requires 2 erythrocyte factors for growth: X (hemin) and V (nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Risk in Hawaii Prevention There is a vaccine that can prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease. This vaccine does not prevent disease caused by other types of H. influenzae. [health.hawaii.gov]

How can Hib disease be prevented? The best way to prevent Hib disease is to ensure all children are vaccinated according to the National Immunisation Program Schedule (see below). [healthywa.wa.gov.au]

In addition, there are complex vaccines designed to prevent a number of infections, including those caused by Haemophilus influenza, for example: Pentaxim – a vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus adsorbed, pertussis, inactivated poliomyelitis [mlst.net]

Prevention: Immunization of all infants prevents H. influenzae type b infection. Respiratory and hand hygiene prevent transmission. Recent Washington trends: 4 to 13 cases (due to all serotypes) are reported annually. [doh.wa.gov]

How can I prevent Hib disease? Vaccination of babies and those at increased risk due to underlying medical conditions can greatly help to prevent Hib disease and bacterial spread. [healthnavigator.org.nz]