We present a rare case of acute epiglottitis in a fully vaccinated child due to nontypeable H. influenzae and discuss the clinical presentation and management. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] presence of cellulitis Joint, lung, and sinus aspiration Transtracheal aspiration Tympanocentesis Pericardiocentesis Laparoscopy and tubal cultures in women: For suspected NTHi Culdocentesis and peritoneal fluid cultures in women: For suspected NTHi See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Lymphopenia

  Leukocytosis occurred in 7 cases and lymphopenia in 3; no cases presented with neutropenia. Four isolates were positive for beta-lactamase. Susceptibility data were unavailable in 5 case patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, azithromycin treatment failures were reported in acute urethritis caused by H. influenzae strains considered susceptible to azithromycin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment and prognosis Mortality rates in patients with H. influenzae pneumonia have been reported as ranging around 10-42% Promoted articles (advertising) [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis The sequelae following Hib meningitis may include deafness, convulsions and intellectual impairment. [patient.info]

We find a favorable prognosis for the majority of children who are treated for meningitis caused by H. influenzae type b. (N Engl J Med 1990; 323:1657–63.) [nejm.org]

The prognosis of uncomplicated Hib pneumonia and nonencapsulated H influenzae infections is usually good. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Tabs Content Clinical Overview Diagnosis Indications for Testing Identify etiologic agent in pneumonia, meningitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis Laboratory Testing CDC testing recommendations Rapid antigen detection tests are available – utility is questionable [arupconsult.com]

The authors suggest that this species should be taken into account as the etiologic agent of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. Targeted antimicrobial therapy should be based on local antibiotic resistance patterns. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An epidemiologic study with special reference to day-care centers. JAMA 1984; 252(18):2581-2584. Shapiro ED, Ward JI. The epidemiology and prevention of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. Epidemiol Rev 1991; 13:113-142.Tsang R. [ecdc.europa.eu]

KEYWORDS: Europe; bacteria; coccobacillus; epidemiology; invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease; invasive disease; invasive pathogen; serotype; surveillance; temporal trends; vaccine [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] settings where the test may be helpful Assessing a patient's immunological (IgG) response to Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccine Assessing immunity against HIB Aiding in the evaluation of immunodeficiency Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology [mayomedicallaboratories.com]

In this article, the author reviews the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of H influenzae infection, with emphasis on the key features useful for making a timely diagnosis. [medlink.com]

Pathophysiology The nomenclature ( Haemophilus is Greek for "blood loving") acknowledges the fact that H influenzae requires 2 erythrocyte factors for growth: X (hemin) and V (nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Vaccines can prevent Hib disease. CDC recommends routine Hib vaccination for all children younger than 2 years old. [cdc.gov]

Prevention Immunisation is the only public health intervention capable of preventing the majority serious Hib disease. [ecdc.europa.eu]

Prevention Invasive Hib disease can be prevented by giving the Hib vaccine to kids 2-18 months of age. [dshs.texas.gov]

Immunization with the Hib vaccine can help prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b disease and meningitis. The Hib vaccine is recommended for infants at 2, 4, 6, and 15 to 18 months. [childrenshospital.org]

Author information 1 Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]