Reasons for hammertoe may include inherited foot structure irregularities, injury to a toe, joint diseases such as arthritis, nerve injury from a stroke or cerebral palsy, failure to use toes (if a person in bedridden), poor blood flow to the feet and [cleveland.com]

Physical Conditions: People suffering from diabetes, arthritis, gout, poor circulation, brain, spinal cord or nerve injuries such as stroke, cerebral palsy and degenerative disc disease are at an increased risk of developing a hammertoe. [cdafootankle.com]

Alleviating hammertoe foot pain will require a properly fitted and sized shoe. Shoe design is also critical. [thorlo.com]

Two of my toes are bent up in the middle and push against the tops of my shoes, which is causing foot pain when I walk and with some of my shoes. Why is this happening, and what can I do about it? A. [consumerreports.org]

[…] causing pain, along with issues like bunions and hammertoes over time. — Nina Bahadur, SELF, "8 Shoe Mistakes That Could Definitely Be Causing Your Foot Pain," 18 Apr. 2018 Podiatrists can prescribe orthotics, treat ingrown toenails, provide diabetic [merriam-webster.com]

Evaluation and diagnosis of common causes of foot pain in adults. . Accessed Dec. 15, 2015. Hammer toe. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. . Accessed Dec. 16, 2015. Malloy A, et al. Mallet toe deformity. [mayoclinic.com]

On examination, she has a rigid flexion contracture of the second proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, with neutral position of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. The deformity does not correct with foot plantarflexion. [orthobullets.com]

Nonoperative treatment may include the following: Taping Budin splint wear Shoewear modification (with some patients going so far as to cut holes in shoes over the prominence) Once flexion contractures form, surgical treatment may be indicated. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In adults proximal phalangectomy was the most successful procedure to relieve symptoms and is suggested as the operation of choice. Flexor to extensor tendon transfer was successful in children but not in adults. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Try these suggestions and see what works best for you. RELATED: 7 Ways to Ease Your Bunions Without Surgery More information Guide to treatment for foot and ankle pain [health.clevelandclinic.org]

Pseudomonas osteomyelitis developed in both cases following puncture wounds to the first metatarsophalangeal joint complex. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]