Signs of increased ICP are especially likely to be found in children with a fulminant history and those who are moribund on presentation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

However, the clinical presentation in patients with positive and negative CSF cultures was similar to that in previous studies [ 1, 20 ]. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

One case presented with meningitis, and one case presented with bacteraemia. [hps.scot.nhs.uk]

Nonetheless, Hif may exhibit significant virulence, and cause infection in an individual with no apparent evidence of immunodeficiency, as illustrated in the present case report. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  The fever may exert protective effects, reducing bacterial replication; hence, aggressive treatment of fever may be counterproductive. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Infection of lung by Haemophilus influenzae produces fever, cough, purulent sputum, dyspnea, and either bronchopneumonia or lobar Pneumonia. [histopathology-india.net]

  The onset is usually abrupt, with high fever and breathing difficulties. [britannica.com]

  Epiglottitis Symptoms of epiglottitis include: fever sore throat dribbling (unable to swallow saliva) difficulty in swallowing and breathing. [sahealth.sa.gov.au]

  Educate parents of a possibility for a second case in siblings of less than 4 years of especially if symptoms like headache, fever and stiff neck are present. < Back to A to Z of Infectious Diseases [deputyprimeminister.gov.mt]

• High Fever

  The following morning there was some improvement but she later became sleepy and developed a high fever. Her mother called the surgery and was put through to a GP, who advised her to continue with oral fluids and liquid paracetamol. [themdu.com]

  Symptoms of invasive Haemophilus influenzae include high fever, irritability, aching, tiredness, intense headache, stiff neck and sometimes nausea and vomiting. The bacteria can infect different parts of the body, so other symptoms may occur. [ok.gov]

  The onset is usually abrupt, with high fever and breathing difficulties. [britannica.com]

  You should get medical care right away if you have A sudden high fever A severe headache A stiff neck Nausea or vomiting Early treatment can help prevent serious problems, including death. [icdlist.com]

• Chills

  Pneumonia Symptoms of pneumonia usually include: Fever and chills Cough Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Sweating Chest pain Headache Muscle pain or aches Excessive tiredness Bloodstream infection Symptoms of bloodstream infection usually include [cdc.gov]

  Pneumonia (lung infection) symptoms: Fever and chills Cough Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Sweating Chest pain Headache Muscle pain or aches Excessive tiredness Bacteremia (blood infection) symptoms: Fever and chills Excessive tiredness Pain [health.hawaii.gov]

  Fever and chills. Fatigue. Epiglottitis Symptoms may include: Severe sore throat. Fever. Raspy breathing called stridor. Difficulty swallowing. Drooling. Difficulty breathing. Pneumonia Symptoms may include: Fever and chills. Cough. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Fever and chills. Headache. Tiredness – excessive. Cough. Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Anxiety. Nausea. Symptoms can appear quickly and worsen quickly in children, so urgent medical attention is necessary. [mydr.com.au]

• Epilepsy

  The outcomes were as follows: complete recovery (53.4%); the development of symptomatic epilepsy (4.1%), sensorineural hearing loss (3.1%), compensated communicating hydrocephalus (8.2%), and various manifestations of encephalopathy (17.8%). [epidemiology-journal.ru]

  (from menkes, textbook of child neurology, 5th ed, pp396-7) ICD-10-CM G00.0 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v 36.0): 023 Craniotomy with major device implant or acute complex cns pdx with mcc or chemotherapy implant or epilepsy with [icd10data.com]

  Epilepsy Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain that results in recurring seizures, which can be caused by infections such as meningitis. Fontanelle A soft spot on the head of a baby or infant. [comomeningitis.org]

  […] require special education services.[10] Negative long-term effects are more likely in subjects whose treatments were delayed, as well as in subjects who were given antibiotics to which the bacteria was resistant.[3] Ten percent of survivors develop epilepsy [en.wikipedia.org]

• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

  In 2 cases, the isolates were obtained from postmortem blood culture, but the final diagnosis was “unascertained” and “sudden infant death syndrome.” [academic.oup.com]

• Vomiting

  10 July 0002 A young child became unwell overnight and started to vomit. The following morning there was some improvement but she later became sleepy and developed a high fever. [themdu.com]

  Vomit Feed poorly Appear to be slow or inactive Have abnormal reflexes [cdc.gov]

  Vomiting is a common finding in the meningitis. [4] Sensitivity to light (photophobia) Inability to tolerate light is due to the meningism that indicates inflammatory activation of the trigeminal sensory nerve fibers in the meninges. [1] Pain during [explainmedicine.com]

  […] the specific infection: for otitis media (middle ear infection) unusual irritability difficulty sleeping or staying asleep tugging or pulling at one or both ears fever fluid draining from ear(s) loss of balance hearing difficulties ear pain nausea and vomiting [childrenshospital.org]

• Nausea

  Meningitis Symptoms of meningitis typically include sudden onset of: Fever Headache Stiff neck Nausea with or without vomiting Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light) Altered mental status (confusion) Babies with meningitis may: Be irritable [cdc.gov]

  […] depending on the specific infection: for otitis media (middle ear infection) unusual irritability difficulty sleeping or staying asleep tugging or pulling at one or both ears fever fluid draining from ear(s) loss of balance hearing difficulties ear pain nausea [childrenshospital.org]

  Symptoms of invasive Haemophilus influenzae include high fever, irritability, aching, tiredness, intense headache, stiff neck and sometimes nausea and vomiting. The bacteria can infect different parts of the body, so other symptoms may occur. [ok.gov]

  Haemophilus meningitis is characterized by symptoms including fever, nausea, sensitivity to light, headaches, stiff neck, anorexia, and seizures.[2][3] Haemophilus meningitis can be deadly, but antibiotics are effective in treating the infection, especially [en.wikipedia.org]

• Tachycardia

  Very ill children may have tachycardia and thready pulse in addition to high fever. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Univariable logistic regression showed that indicators for sepsis, such as tachycardia and pneumonia on admission, are significant predictors for unfavorable outcome. [journalofinfection.com]

• Photophobia

  Meningitis Symptoms of meningitis typically include sudden onset of: Fever Headache Stiff neck Nausea with or without vomiting Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light) Altered mental status (confusion) Babies with meningitis may: Be irritable [cdc.gov]

  […] will lead severe headache experienced by the patient. severe headache. [9] Fever [1] Inflammation of the meninges and endothelium releases pyrogens causing fever. [1,6] Vomiting Vomiting is a common finding in the meningitis. [4] Sensitivity to light (photophobia [explainmedicine.com]

  Older children and adults In older children and adults, symptoms of meningitis include: headache fever vomiting stiff neck or back joint pains drowsiness (excessive sleepiness) or confusion photophobia (discomfort when looking at light). [sahealth.sa.gov.au]

• Headache

  Bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) causes production of nitrite, which is a potent vasodilator causing generalized vasodilatation in meninges. [9] This will lead severe headache experienced by the patient. severe headache. [9] Fever [1] Inflammation [explainmedicine.com]

  Educate parents of a possibility for a second case in siblings of less than 4 years of especially if symptoms like headache, fever and stiff neck are present. < Back to A to Z of Infectious Diseases [deputyprimeminister.gov.mt]

  Pneumonia Symptoms of pneumonia usually include: Fever and chills Cough Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Sweating Chest pain Headache Muscle pain or aches Excessive tiredness Bloodstream infection Symptoms of bloodstream infection usually include [cdc.gov]

  […] thick green or yellow discharge nighttime cough occasional daytime cough swelling around the eyes for sinusitis in older children runny nose or cold symptoms that last greater than seven to 10 days complaints of drip in his/her throat from his/her nose headaches [childrenshospital.org]

• Irritability

  Sometimes the presence of these signs may be difficult to judge in irritable infants. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Symptoms vary depending on the specific infection: for otitis media (middle ear infection) unusual irritability difficulty sleeping or staying asleep tugging or pulling at one or both ears fever fluid draining from ear(s) loss of balance hearing difficulties [childrenshospital.org]

  Symptoms are lethargy, fever, stiff neck, headache, irritability, tiredness, vomiting and loss of appetite. [kendallhealth.org]

  Symptoms of invasive Haemophilus influenzae include high fever, irritability, aching, tiredness, intense headache, stiff neck and sometimes nausea and vomiting. The bacteria can infect different parts of the body, so other symptoms may occur. [ok.gov]

  Meningitis Symptoms of meningitis typically include sudden onset of: Fever Headache Stiff neck Nausea with or without vomiting Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light) Altered mental status (confusion) Babies with meningitis may: Be irritable [cdc.gov]

• Seizure

  For his seizures, he was continued on phenobarbital. The results of a repeat EEG a month after discharge were normal, with no seizure activity detected. Enoxaparin and aspirin were continued to complete a 3-month regimen of anticoagulation. [consultant360.com]

  Haemophilus meningitis is characterized by symptoms including fever, nausea, sensitivity to light, headaches, stiff neck, anorexia, and seizures.[2][3] Haemophilus meningitis can be deadly, but antibiotics are effective in treating the infection, especially [en.wikipedia.org]

• Confusion

  Meningitis Symptoms of meningitis typically include sudden onset of: Fever Headache Stiff neck Nausea with or without vomiting Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light) Altered mental status (confusion) Babies with meningitis may: Be irritable [cdc.gov]

  Symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, stiff neck, vomiting, light sensitivity and confusion. About 10% of cases surviving H. influenzae meningitis have permanent neurological damage. Treatment is with antibiotics. [doh.wa.gov]

  Meningitis (infection of the covering of the brain and spinal cord) symptoms: Fever Headache Stiff neck Nausea with or without vomiting Increased sensitivity to light (photophobia) Altered mental status (confusion) Limp, loss of alertness (lethargy) [health.hawaii.gov]

• Neck Stiffness

  GP expert opinion said The absence of neck stiffness in a young child does not rule out meningitis The GP had not appreciated the extent to which the child was genuinely ill as opposed to the specific symptoms that were being exhibited The child should [themdu.com]

  stiffness, n (%) 12/16 (75%) Fever ≥38°C 11/14 (79%) Glasgow Coma Scale score upon presentation Median (SD) 15 (0.8) n (%) 1/16 (6%) ≤8 (indicating coma), n (%) 0 Triad of fever, neck stiffness, and change in mental status, n (%) 1/16 (6%) Focal neurological [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

  In older children and adults symptoms of meningitis include: headache fever vomiting neck stiffness and joint pains drowsiness or confusion discomfort on looking at bright lights. [dhhs.tas.gov.au]

  stiffness, altered consciousness or other meningeal signs. [who.int]

An appropriate workup includes obtaining a sputum specimen and doing a gram-stain followed by a culture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

During the hospital course, further workup revealed a normal protein C level of 75% (reference range, 70%-180%) and normal protein S level of 72% (reference range, 70%-150%). IV ceftriaxone was continued for a 1-month course. [consultant360.com]

• Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormality

  fluid abnormalities in haemophilus influenzae meningitis ' Pediatric emergency care, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 191-194. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199009000-00007 TY - JOUR T1 - Absent or minimal cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in haemophilus influenzae [scholars.northwestern.edu]

• Glucose Increased

  The most significant findings included a positive gram stain, decreased absolute CSF glucose or CSF–serum glucose ratio, increased CSF protein, and an increased band count on CBC. Table 4. [jamanetwork.com]

• Leukocytosis

  (> 100 cells/mm3); - leukocytosis (10-100 cells/ mm3) AND either an elevated protein (> 100 mg/dl) or decreased glucose (< 40=""> Confirmed: A case that is laboratory-confirmed by growing (i.e. culturing) or identifying (i.e. by Gram stain or antigen [who.int]

  High fever and leukocytosis are typical. Early diagnosis and therapy are important because patients may worsen rapidly. Cellulitis. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. [drugs.com]

Four treatments were assessed: dexamethasone alone, dexamethasone plus ceftriaxone, ceftriaxone alone, and no treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Therapy[edit | edit source] previously successful treatment with ampicillin is often ineffective due to higher β-lactamase production; treatment is initiated i.v. application of dexamethasone, immediately afterwards we apply cephalosporins III. generation [wikilectures.eu]

Treatment The primary treatment for Hib is appropriate antibiotics. Intravenous antibiotics, (cefotaxime and ceftriaxone are preferred) are often required but depending on illness, oral administration may follow for 7-10 days. [bu.edu]

Rising resistance © jarun011/Thinkstock Treatment of H. influenzae infection is usually with beta-lactamase antimicrobials, such as ampicillin. [microbiologysociety.org]

Prognosis[edit | edit source] lethality is below 5%, the risk is higher in the event of a hydrocephalus Links[edit | edit source] Similar articles[edit | edit source] Haemophilus influenzae References[edit | edit source] Source[edit | edit source] ws: [wikilectures.eu]

It was concluded that H. influenzae meningitis in adults is a disease with a rather benign clinical course and a relatively good prognosis compared with pneumococcal meningitis. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

These patients tend to be severely ill at presentation, and the hypothermia portends a worse prognosis. In part, the poorer outcome may be due to enhanced bacterial replication at lower temperatures. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prognosis Early diagnosis and treatment of meningitis ensure a good prognosis. Timely initiation of empiric antibiotics and blood culture specimens to help direct management is the best approach to control the disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Outlook / Prognosis What can I expect if my child has a Haemophilus influenzae disease? The outlook (prognosis) for H. influenzae infections depends on the type and severity of your child’s condition. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Rates of Hib meningitis and probable bacterial meningitis with no determined etiology declined by 13 and 17 cases per 100 000, respectively. [scielosp.org]

Tabs Content Clinical Overview Diagnosis Indications for Testing Identify etiologic agent in pneumonia, meningitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis Laboratory Testing CDC testing recommendations Rapid antigen detection tests are available – utility is questionable [arupconsult.com]

Etiology and epidemiology[edit | edit source] by Hemofilus influenzae type b; affects children from 3 months to 5 years; in the pre-disease stage, there is usually an upper respiratory tract infection, fever, anorexia, vomiting. [wikilectures.eu]

Etiologic agent Clinical features Sequelae Transmission Risk groups Trends Incidence Treatment and chemoprophylaxis Immunization Reporting References Etiologic agent Haemophilus influenzae is a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus. [cdc.gov]

Data Immunization Investigation Reporting Resources VPD Home Organism, Causative Agent, or Etiologic Agent Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease can be caused by six identifiable types of H. influenzae bacteria (types a through f) or non-typeable H. [dshs.state.tx.us]

Descriptive Epidemiology 587 Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 7 Pathogenesis and Immunity 590 Patterns of Host Response 591 Control and Prevention 592 References 593 Suggested Reading 595 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Theodore E Woodward and J Stephen [books.google.ro]

To study the clinical and epidemiological features of Haemophilus meningitis in Saint Petersburg children. Materials and methods. [epidemiology-journal.ru]

Fraser at the Center for Disease Control, Bacterial Diseases Division, Bureau of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA 30333). Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Copy URL Permissions [nejm.org]

Current epidemiology and trends in invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease-United States, 2009-2015. [journalofinfection.com]

/en/) weekly reporting of suspected and confirmed meningitis cases: - map: show alert and epidemic provinces (see also: Weekly Epidemiological Record 2000; 38: 306-309 ) - for every province, graph: total number of suspected cases (axis 1: columns) and [who.int]

In this article, the author reviews the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of H influenzae infection, with emphasis on the key features useful for making a timely diagnosis. [medlink.com]

It is the purpose of this report to describe a case of transient vasopressin (Pitressin)-responsive diabetes insipidus complicating Haemophilus meningitis, to discuss the possible pathophysiology, and to outline the diagnosis and management. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Objectives: Identify the pathophysiology of Haemophilus influenza infections. Describe the typical patient presentation as revealed in their history and examination with Haemophilus influenza infection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Descriptive Epidemiology 587 Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 7 Pathogenesis and Immunity 590 Patterns of Host Response 591 Control and Prevention 592 References 593 Suggested Reading 595 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Theodore E Woodward and J Stephen [books.google.ro]

[…] to Know (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) [ Read More ] [icdlist.com]

Prevention: Immunization of all infants prevents H. influenzae type b infection. Respiratory and hand hygiene prevent transmission. Recent Washington trends: 4 to 13 cases (due to all serotypes) are reported annually. [doh.wa.gov]

Prevention Invasive Hib disease can be prevented by giving the Hib vaccine to kids 2-18 months of age. [dshs.state.tx.us]

Corticosteroids may help prevent brain damage. Epiglottitis must also be treated as soon as possible. People may need help breathing. [msdmanuals.com]