It occasionally presents with abdominal pain. In our series, three patients presented with self-limiting abdominal pain (spontaneous resolution), and a palpable mass was found only in case 2. [analesdepediatria.org]

Abstract An autopsy case, 59-year old woman, of idiopathic portal hypertension with hepatic nodular hyperplasia and intra- and extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis was presented. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Presentation A 35 -year-old woman with a history of oral contraception presents with right upper quadrant pain. Caption: B-mode gray scale imaging Description: Transabdominal ultrasound shows a mass in the right lobe of the liver. [sonoworld.com]

Patients may present with massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage requiring immediate surgical intervention. These nodules may be multiple and occasionally pedunculated, mimicking ovarian cysts. Liver function tests are nondiagnostic. [annals.org]

The bile ducts within the nodules present signs of active, exuberant proliferation, and they are not connected to the biliary tree. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15(26):3217–3227. 16. Ronot M, Vilgrain V. Imaging of benign hepatocellular lesions: current concepts and recent updates. [dovepress.com]

However, during the abdominal workup, B-mode ultrasound examination showed several focal liver lesions, ranging from 1–5.4 cm in size. Endoscopy and colonoscopy showed no primary gastrointestinal tumor. [em-consulte.com]

Assy N, Nasser G, Djibre A, Beniashvili Z, Elias S, Zidan J: Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:3217–3227. [karger.com]

Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15:3217–27. [eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com]

• Enlargement of the Liver

  A symptom are usually rare and includes the following: Serum liver results that are abnormal Fever Abdominal enlargement (especially on the right side) Palpable mass on the right upper abdomen Hepatomegaly or enlargement of the liver Weight loss Causes [diseaseszoom.com]

General Practice Notebook General Practice Notebook The information provided herein should not be used for diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. [gpnotebook.co.uk]

Coverage of the entire breadth and depth of gastroenterology ranges from biology to pathobiology, as well as diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. [books.google.com]

Hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia: differential diagnosis and treatment. World J Surg 2000;24:372–6. Kim TK, Jang HJ, Wilson SR. Benign liver masses: imaging with microbubble contrast agents. Ultrasound Q 2006;22:31–9. [sonoworld.com]

Withdrawal of estrogen treatment and excision of large tumors ( 5 cm) are established therapeutic strategies. [karger.com]

[…] thrombosis) or systemic factors (oral contraceptives and angiogenic molecules). 4 Cases of FNH have also been described in children that have received chemotherapy, in whom the development of FNH may be related to the vascular damage caused by this treatment [analesdepediatria.org]

Most often these subtypes do not affect treatment or prognosis (outlook). But one of these subtypes, fibrolamellar, is important to recognize. It is rare, making up less than 1% of HCCs and is most often seen in women younger than age 35. [cancer.org]

Treatment and prognosis FNH is benign, with no malignant potential and a minuscule risk of complication (rupture, hemorrhage) and thus are usually treated conservatively 1. [radiopaedia.org]

Its clinical manifestations are diverse and usually seen distal to the SCAVS site, and its prompt diagnosis and management will make for a better neurological prognosis. [em-consulte.com]

Prognosis and treatment Two main complications can affect HCA: hemorrhage and malignant transformation in HCC [ 53 - 55 ]. Even if rare, these events are difficult to predict and potentially life-threatening. [e-cmh.org]

Although definite etiology of idiopathic portal hypertension in this case was not revealed, the possible causes were discussed. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

The etiology of hepatic adenomatosis is largely unknown, but there are good arguments to suppose a shared disease mechanism with HA [ 42 ]. [karger.com]

Etiology of Increased Uptake The cause of the relatively increased Tc-99m sulfur colloid uptake in focal nodular hyperplasia, as opposed to hepatic adenoma, remains controversial. [med.harvard.edu]

General Epidemiology Frequency: hepatic hemangioma (most common) focal nodular hyperplasia ( FNH ) hepatocellular adenoma (rare) Sex: ( 6:1) Age: can appear at any age, but mostly affects young women Most often an incidental finding on imaging tests Etiology [amboss.com]

(Etiology) Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver is believed to be caused by congenital abnormalities in the liver blood vessels. [dovemed.com]

Epidemiology HA is usually diagnosed in young females using oral contraceptives. Incidence and prevalence of HA are not exactly known. [karger.com]

Benign liver tumors General Epidemiology Frequency: hepatic hemangioma (most common) focal nodular hyperplasia ( FNH ) hepatocellular adenoma (rare) Sex: ( 6:1) Age: can appear at any age, but mostly affects young women Most often an incidental finding [amboss.com]

[…] noncirrhotic liver Immunoreactivity for glutamine synthetase with a map-like pattern of staining Terminology Also known as focal cirrhosis, pedunculated adenoma, solitary hyperplastic nodule, mixed adenoma, hamartoma and hamartomatous cholangiohepatoma Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Changing epidemiology of hepatocellular adenoma in the United States: review of the literature. Int J Hepatol 2013;2013:604860. 24. Rooks JB, Ory HW, Ishak KG, Strauss LT, Greenspan JR, Hill AP, et al. Epidemiology of hepatocellular adenoma. [e-cmh.org]

Definition and epidemiology The term focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), which was coined by Edmondson in 1958 [1], refers to a relatively common benign hepatic tumor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology FNH most probably arises as a reaction to local hemodynamic instability in the liver. [karger.com]

[…] these lesions may be multiple or can occur as part of a syndrome with hemangiomas, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, hepatic adenomas, fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, vascular malformations of the brain, meningiomas, and/or astrocytomas. [1] Pathophysiology [en.wikipedia.org]

This concludes this unit on pathophysiology of the liver. Now you can go on to Specific Liver Diseases. Brief Quiz on what you have just covered Liver Menu [vet.uga.edu]

We describe here in detail this rare case of multiple FNH syndrome associated with lung and spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM), and briefly discuss the possible pathophysiology underlying the association of these apparently unrelated lesions. [em-consulte.com]

[…] occurrence in childhood More common in females than males (F:M 8:1) Accounts for 8% of all primary liver tumors in adults ( Dig Surg 2010;27:24 ) Prevalence of 4 - 30 per 1,000 in adults and 0.2 per 1,000 in persons 18 years ( Dig Surg 2010;27:24 ) Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

When doctors discover a large adenoma, they may recommend that it be surgically removed to prevent that possibility. [liverfoundation.org]

Moderation in alcohol, medications and fat intake must be observed to prevent straining the liver. Of the right part of the liver is affected, the gallbladder may also be removed. [diseaseszoom.com]

[…] atypical FNH into several variants which include 8 : telangiectatic variant: most common mixed hyperplastic and adenomatous variant lesions with large cell hepatocellular atypia As FNH is usually treated conservatively, accurate imaging is essential in preventing [radiopaedia.org]

[…] is the third most common benign neoplasm of the adult liver next to hepatic hemangioma and FNH, but differs from the other two in the sense that it should be treated when reaching a certain size to avoid complications such as acute bleeding, and to prevent [karger.com]