RESULTS: Labral tears were present in 90.1% of hips, and acetabular cartilage lesions were present in 67.3%, including 41.7% with grade 3 or 4 chondromalacia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Table 1 presents clinical findings and Table 2 presents imaging findings in the 5 patients. The 5 children included 4 males and 1 female aged 9 to 48 months. All presented with acute onset of limping of 2 to 30 days' duration. [jamanetwork.com]

• Lower Extremity Pain

  Medical histories, physical examinations, and diagnostic tests were done on 97 patients with lower extremity pain to determine which signs and symptoms were the best predictors of a primary source of the pain (a hip or a spine disorder). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  For example, lumbar spinal stenosis can cause lower-extremity pains that worsen with walking and are relieved by resting (mimicking poor circulation of the lower extremities). [medicinenet.com]

• Difficulty Walking

  walking or walking with a limp Pain that worsens with vigorous or extended activity Stiffness in the hip or limited range of motion In patients with rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, fatigue and weakness may also occur. [ortho.wustl.edu]

• Walking with a Cane

  Some examples include: Cushioning shoe inserts can ease the pressure put on the hip joint when walking. Using a cane can provide extra stability. [arthritis-health.com]

• Hip Pain

  Fifty-nine patients (32 women, 27 men) with refractory hip pain, between the ages of 17 and 69 years, who were seen between January 1989 and January 1992. Hip arthroscopy. Cause of hip pain, results of physical examination and operative findings. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Evaluation of the child who has hip pain. Orthop Clin North Am. 2006 Apr; 37(2):133-40 Uptodate: “Overview of hip pain in childhood” Back to Table of Contents [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

• Knee Pain

  Unfortunately many cases of SCFE are misdiagnosed or overlooked, because the first symptom is knee pain, referred from the hip. The knee is often investigated and found to be normal. [news.liverpool.ac.uk]

  Read more on NPS MedicineWise website Osteoarthritis (joint pain) information video | myVMC Osteoarthritis is a common cause of knee pain and joint pain, and the leading cause of joint replacement therapy (e.g. knee or hip replacement). [healthdirect.gov.au]

  an atraumatic limp, and referred pain in the knee. [aafp.org]

  Symptoms Symptoms of Perthes' disease include tiredness and pain in the groin, thigh and sometimes in the knee. Pain can be felt in the knee only, even though the disease affects the hip. [sportsinjuryclinic.net]

• Thigh Pain

  Five percent had pain predominantly in the thigh, 41% reported at least one episode of "giving way" of the hip and 7% had snapping of the iliotibial band. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Painful hip conditions can have an impact on the thigh bone (femur), pelvic bone, nerves, muscles, joints, ligaments, blood vessels, and internal organs. [baylorarlington.com]

  Hip and thigh pain on short-distance walks was profound. He found improvement in the hip girdle pain when lying flat or sitting. he had problems with decreased mobility of his back for years and was told he had “spondylosis” of his spine. [hopkinsarthritis.org]

• Low Back Pain

  Cross-section picture of herniated disc between L4 and L5 Picture of stapled incision post-surgery Degenerative Disc Disease Symptom Low Back Pain Pain in the low back can be a result of conditions affecting the bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae [medicinenet.com]

  Spinal stenosis should be suspected in patients in whom low back pain is relieved by sitting or leaning forward and exaggerated by extension. [These symptoms are opposite of those of degenerative disc disease with nerve root impingement.] [hopkinsarthritis.org]

• Waddling Gait

  Twelve patients had a waddling gait. Four patients were partially wheelchair-dependent and ten patients had limitations in their maximum walking distance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Patients present with a waddling gait, pain, fatigue and short stature. Contrary to Perthes disease, the abnormalities are usually symmetric. The knees, ankles and wrists are usually also involved. [radiologyassistant.nl]

See Workup for more detail. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Significant growth disturbances requiring surgical treatment were not observed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Following this initial study and treatment, the parents then have a choice: cast or brace treatment can be continued, however, the child must wear the cast or brace full time for a year to a year and a half. [rchsd.org]

The most recent studies on diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic management are reviewed here. RECENT FINDINGS: Several large studies have evaluated the prevalence and outcome of hip involvement in AS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The time of diagnosis is important for the prognosis of the disease. When the diagnosis is made before the child is six years old the prognosis is better. Younger children have better remodeling potential. [pediatric-orthopedics.com]

What is the prognosis? It is best to divide the discussion into short-term, within 5 years, and long-term prognosis, 20-40 years later. [perthesdisease.org]

Boys>girls June-September most often 1/4 Blacks more often AP Avascular necrosis in 6-15% Legg- Calve- Perthe’s Disease ~ 5 years Male> females 1/10 Bilateral in females is rare None Frog lateral-for subarticular lucency Arthrography usually neg Better prognosis [learningradiology.com]

Complications of treatment for these and other pediatric hip diseases can be devastating; so much recent research concentrates on the etiology, prevention, and effects of these complications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology speculated to be post infectious reactive arthritis. It is important to rule out a bacterial infection of the joint and bone. Child may refuse to stand and limp. There may be pain on maneuvering the hip joint. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

The etiology of joint pain in these patients is often from osteochondrosis, although traumatic, inflammatory, or infectious origins should be ruled out as well. [aafp.org]

There have been recent articles on a number of aspects of this problem, including the epidemiology and pathology. The most recent studies on diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic management are reviewed here. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Many characteristics of their descriptive epidemiology have still to be explained, however, and it is clear that more research is needed. This content is only available as a PDF. © Oxford University Press [academic.oup.com]

[…] necrosis Legg-Calve-Perthes disease Secondary avascular necrosis Femoral stress fracture Muscular strain Neoplastic/infiltrative Osetoid osteoma Leukemia Solid Tumor, primary or metastatic Pigmented villonodular synovitis Other Sickle cell pain crisis Epidemiology [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

The epidemiology of psoriatic arthritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA, 1982–1991. J Rheumatol 2000 ; 27 : 1247 –50. ↵ Harvie JN, Lester RS, Little AH. Sacroiliitis in severe psoriasis. Am J Roentgenol 1976 ; 127 : 579 –84. Moller P, Vinje O. [ard.bmj.com]

This unusual case raises questions about the pathophysiology of neuropathic osteoarthropathy in paraplegics. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

About this book Introduction Presenting recent advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment derived from an increased understanding of the biology of the hip, this unique text examines hip disease and pathophysiology through the lenses of kinematics, [link.springer.com]

Presenting recent advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment derived from an increased understanding of the biology of the hip, this unique text examines hip disease and pathophysiology through the lenses of kinematics, biomechanics, anatomy and metabolism [springer.com]

Classic DDH occurs in 0.1%-0.2% of infants. 7 Pathophysiology. [clinicaladvisor.com]

(See Pathophysiology.) Historically, osteoarthritis has been divided into primary and secondary forms, though this division is somewhat artificial. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Your doctor will decide which treatment is best for you child to help prevent future problems such as arthritis. [mcsgkids.com]

Complications of treatment for these and other pediatric hip diseases can be devastating; so much recent research concentrates on the etiology, prevention, and effects of these complications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This helps prevent some of the deformity of the ball that can occur with Perthes disease. We see your child as a whole person. [seattlechildrens.org]