Presentation
Entire Body System
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Falling
Watson, KE (Fall 2006). "Lowering levels of lipids and homocysteine". Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 7 (4): 248–50. PMID 17224870. External links [ edit ] [en.wikipedia.org]
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Disability
It is associated with intellectual disability, osteoporosis, chest deformities, and increased risk of thrombotic episodes. [en.wikipedia.org]
Eyes
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Ectopia Lentis
Homocysteine auto-oxidizes and reacts with reactive oxygen intermediates, damaging endothelial cells and increasing the risk of thrombus formation. [14] [15] Ectopia lentis [ edit ] Homocystinuria is the second most common cause of heritable ectopia lentis [en.wikipedia.org]
Musculoskeletal
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Osteoporosis
The role of hyperhomocysteinemia as well as folate, vitamin B(6) and B(12) deficiencies in osteoporosis: a systematic review. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007; 45 :1621–32. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 12. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
It is associated with intellectual disability, osteoporosis, chest deformities, and increased risk of thrombotic episodes. [en.wikipedia.org]
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Chest Deformity
It is associated with intellectual disability, osteoporosis, chest deformities, and increased risk of thrombotic episodes. [en.wikipedia.org]
Psychiatrical
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Suggestibility
An additive antioxidant action of 5-MTHF has been suggested to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction through increased nitric oxide production and superoxide radical scavenging, independent of Hcy lowering. [insights.ovid.com]
In conclusion, therefore, because of Mendelian randomization generally avoiding confounding, 2, 3 we believe that our data suggest that ICD/VTE causes hyperhomocysteinemia, rather than vice versa. Footnotes Correspondence: Børge G. [bloodjournal.org]
Workup
Urine
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Albuminuria
"Serum Homocysteine Levels Are Associated with the Development of (Micro)albuminuria : The Hoorn Study". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 21 (1): 74–81. doi : 10.1161/01.ATV.21.1.74. PMID 11145936. Jakubowski, H (2006). [en.wikipedia.org]
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Microalbuminuria
Cardiovascular risks [ edit ] Elevated homocysteine is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as thrombosis. [5] It has also been shown to be associated with microalbuminuria which is a strong indicator of the risk of future cardiovascular [en.wikipedia.org]
Treatment
In conclusion, high-dose 5-MTHF treatment for 3 months ensures marked Hcy lowering to normal values even in subjects with high Hcy levels, and should be the treatment of choice in medium hyperhomocysteinemia. [insights.ovid.com]
"Homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12in neuropsychiatric diseases: Review and treatment recommendations". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 9 (9): 1393–412. doi : 10.1586/ern.09.75. PMID 19769453. [en.wikipedia.org]
Food-cobalamin malabsorption in elderly patients: clinical manifestations and treatment. Am. J. Med. 2005; 118 :1154–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 41. Lindenbaum J, Rosenberg IH, Wilson PWF, Stabler S, Allen RH. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
Mendelian randomisation': can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int J Epidemiol. 2003 ; 32 : 1 -22. Smith GD, Ebrahim S. Mendelian randomisation: prospect, potential, and limitations. [bloodjournal.org]
Pathophysiology
"Pathophysiological consequences of homocysteine excess". The Journal of Nutrition. 136 (6 Suppl): 1741S–1749S. doi : 10.1093/jn/136.6.1741S. PMID 16702349. McVeigh, Catherine; Passmore, Peter (September 2006). [en.wikipedia.org]
Prevention
[…] endothelial nitric oxide synthase, as increased endothelial lipid peroxidation and oxidation of the redox-sensitve dye 2,7-dichlorofluoresceine could only be observed after incubation of endothelial cells with L-, but not with D-homocysteine, and could be prevented [eurekaselect.com]
Lowering Homocysteine in Patients With Ischemic Stroke to Prevent Recurrent Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Death: The Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Am. Med. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
"Homocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 : CD006612. doi : 10.1002/14651858.CD006612.pub4. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 4164174. PMID 25590290. Cattaneo, Marco (1999). [en.wikipedia.org]