Sudhansu Chokroverty—a world-recognized expert in sleep medicine—presents the third edition of Sleep Disorders Medicine for the latest developments in this rapidly expanding specialty, with coverage of neuroscience and clinical application. [books.google.com]

ORPHA:73267 Synonym(s): Hypernychthemeral syndrome Prevalence: Unknown Inheritance: Unknown Age of onset: All ages ICD-10: G47.2 OMIM: - UMLS: C0751759 MeSH: - GARD: 10949 MedDRA: - The documents contained in this web site are presented for information [orpha.net]

The case of a 40-year-old sighted woman with free-running sleep-wake and melatonin rhythms is presented. The subject was studied for 102 days. [doi.org]

The case of a 41-year-old sighted man with non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome is presented. A 7-week baseline assessment confirmed that the patient expressed endogenous melatonin and sleep-wake rhythms with a period of 25.1 hours. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Falling

  Also in animals prolongation of waking consistently increases their attempts to fall asleep. It has been stated that sleep is more necessary to animals than even food! [books.google.com]

  Affected people have difficulties while falling asleep or are unable to remain awake and active during the daytime. However, the quality of sleep fulfills the normal quality. [medigoo.com]

  Get up When people are unable to fall asleep within 20 minutes, getting up and doing something else in another room and coming back to bed when sleepy may be more effective than lying in bed and trying harder and harder to fall asleep. [msdmanuals.com]

  Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome: Delayed sleep phase syndrome involves the inability to fall asleep at what is considered conventional bedtimes. For example, people with delayed sleep phase syndrome may not fall asleep until 2 or 3 am. [sleepassociation.org]

• Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  Patients typically have insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, or both, which typically resolve as the body clock realigns itself. Diagnosis is clinical. Treatment depends on the cause. [merckmanuals.com]

  To illustrate this problem, examples are provided of the various possible causes of sleep loss, poor quality sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness and episodes of disturbed behaviour at night (parasomnias). [doi.org]

  The first cause of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is often the least investigated in accidentology studies [1]: it is the chronic lack of sleep. [sommeil-mg.net]

  Although found primarily in blind individuals, it can also be seen in individuals with normal sight, and is characterized by alternating periods of insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. [medlink.com]

• Hypersomnia

  […] alertness, attention, concentration, memory, and mood describes sleep dysfunction resulting from common neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis explains intrinsic sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and idiopathic CNS hypersomnia [books.google.com]

  Normal hypersomnia Normal hypersomnia is a sleep disorder in which a person sleeps requires more sleep than normal, i.e. more than 10 hours of sleep per day, and which may be the result of a genetic predisposition. [sleepdisordersguide.com]

  Billiard, M. ( 1996 ) Idiopathic hypersomnia. Neurologic Clinics, 14, 573 – 582. Bliwise, D. L. ( 1996 ) Is sleep apnea a cause of reversible dementia in old age? Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 44, 1287 – 1294. * Bonnet, M. [doi.org]

  Neurologic causes of hypersomnia Brain tumor, Stroke, Encephalitis, Encephalopathies, including Wernicke's encephalopathy, Post-traumatic hypersomnolence, MS, Neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's, multiple system atrophy, Parkinson's ) Neuromuscular [quizlet.com]

  A 32 year old male patient suffering from recurrent hypersomnia for 12 years was successfully treated with methyl B12. [regevelya.com]

• Nightmare

  Nightmare Nightmares are scary dreams. Nightmares awake the children and make them afraid to go back to sleep. One out of every 4 children has nightmares more than once a week. [sleepdisordersguide.com]

  Too high a dose of melatonin may have the unintended effect of disturbing the sleep or even causing nightmares, and uncontrollable yawning the next day. Bright light therapy combined with the use of melatonin may be the most effective treatment. [wikidoc.org]

  Tanskanen, A., Tuomilehto, J., Viinamäki, H. et al ( 2001 ) Nightmares as predictors of suicide. Sleep, 24, 844 – 847. Thorpy, M. ( 2001 ) Current concepts in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy. [doi.org]

  The most common side effects are headaches and abnormal dreams or nightmares. [msdmanuals.com]

  The most common side effects are headaches and abnormal dreams or nightmares. Generic Name Select Brand Names modafinil PROVIGIL nicotine COMMIT, NICORETTE, NICOTROL [merckmanuals.com]

• Anorexia

  Binge-Eating/Purging Type: During the current episode of Anorexia Nervosa, the person has regularly engaged in binge-eating or purging behavior (ie, self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas). ‏ [books.google.com]

  […] joint stiffness sick stomach nausea stomach not emptying bloating frequent vomiting acid regurgitation dyspepsia flatulence altered bowel habits abdominal pain loss of appetite for meat, fish, eggs, dairy, the only b12 contining foods, nutrient specific anorexia [forums.phoenixrising.me]

  Speaking of anorexia, another study found that the combined use of carnitine and adenosyl B12 eliminated fluctuations in work rate and normalized the scope and productivity of intellectual work in patients with anorexia nervosa in the stage of cachexia [regevelya.com]

• Nausea

  […] disability and "is extremely debilitating in that it is incompatible with most social and professional obligations" SYMPTOMS Symptoms reported by patients living according to a 24-hour day include: § Cognitive dysfunction § Confusion § Diarrhea § Extreme nausea [biologicalclock.weebly.com]

  […] including temperature and hormone secretion, can become out of sync with the light-darkness cycle (external desynchronization) and with one another (internal desynchronization); in addition to insomnia and excessive sleepiness, these alterations may cause nausea [merckmanuals.com]

  Two systematic reviews in 2005 and 2006 showed that there were no adverse effects of exogenous melatonin in several clinical trials and that comparative trials found that the adverse effects headaches, dizziness, nausea and drowsiness were reported about [raypeatforum.com]

  […] anywhere in body muscle pain especially around attachment points to bones Eighteen severely tender muscle spots of FMS Widespread muscle pain responding to NSAID Bursitis Joint pain Pain in weight bearing joints morning joint stiffness sick stomach nausea [forums.phoenixrising.me]

• Vomiting

  الصفحة 194 - Specify type: Purging Type: during the current episode of Bulimia Nervosa, the person has regularly engaged in self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas. [books.google.com]

  […] around attachment points to bones Eighteen severely tender muscle spots of FMS Widespread muscle pain responding to NSAID Bursitis Joint pain Pain in weight bearing joints morning joint stiffness sick stomach nausea stomach not emptying bloating frequent vomiting [forums.phoenixrising.me]

• Loss of Appetite

  […] of appetite for meat, fish, eggs, dairy, the only b12 contining foods, nutrient specific anorexia intermittent constipation intermittant diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome Crohns disease (direction of causality if any not established) Celiac disease [forums.phoenixrising.me]

• Visual Impairment

  Non-24 is rare among visually impaired patients who retain at least some light perception; even minimal light exposure can synchronize the body clock. [dict.eudic.net]

  Lewy, Circadian-Rhythm Sleep Disorders in Persons who are Totally Blind, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 10.1177/0145482X9809200303, 92, 3, (145-161), (2019). [doi.org]

  impairment can be seen; ophthalmological exam may show bilateral visual loss optic atophy centrocecal scotomata hypersensitivity/intolerance to bright light Slow to adapt to night vision Night blindness tearing redness of eyes Age Related Macular Degneration [forums.phoenixrising.me]

• Visual Impairment

  Non-24 is rare among visually impaired patients who retain at least some light perception; even minimal light exposure can synchronize the body clock. [dict.eudic.net]

  Lewy, Circadian-Rhythm Sleep Disorders in Persons who are Totally Blind, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 10.1177/0145482X9809200303, 92, 3, (145-161), (2019). [doi.org]

  impairment can be seen; ophthalmological exam may show bilateral visual loss optic atophy centrocecal scotomata hypersensitivity/intolerance to bright light Slow to adapt to night vision Night blindness tearing redness of eyes Age Related Macular Degneration [forums.phoenixrising.me]

• Confusion

  Nocturnal Confusion Nocturnal Confusion is the episodes of delirium and/or disorientation close to or during nighttime sleep. It is mostly seen in the victims of Alzheimer's disease and more common in the elderly. [sleepdisordersguide.com]

  […] disorder is an invisible disability and "is extremely debilitating in that it is incompatible with most social and professional obligations" SYMPTOMS Symptoms reported by patients living according to a 24-hour day include: § Cognitive dysfunction § Confusion [biologicalclock.weebly.com]

  The affected person may be confused about details related to time or location. The paranoia may lead to feelings of persecution. [sleepdisorders.about.com]

  & Stores, G. ( 1994 ) Kleine–Levin syndrome: a cause of diagnostic confusion. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 71, 355 – 357. Provini, F., Plazzi, G., Montagna, P. et al ( 2000 ) The wide clinical spectrum of nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. [doi.org]

  You’re confused and liable to hit the snooze button, but you’re only prolonging the inevitable. You will have to get up and get dressed, trundle out to the car and chug espresso just to stay awake. That’s mental stress. [marksdailyapple.com]

• Irritability

  Tossing and turning in bed at night often leads to a bad night’s sleep that leaves us restless and irritable the next morning. When we sleep, our brains are highly active as our bodies remain in a temporary paralysis. [medicaldaily.com]

  […] and hormone secretion, can become out of sync with the light-darkness cycle (external desynchronization) and with one another (internal desynchronization); in addition to insomnia and excessive sleepiness, these alterations may cause nausea, malaise, irritability [merckmanuals.com]

  […] bloating frequent vomiting acid regurgitation dyspepsia flatulence altered bowel habits abdominal pain loss of appetite for meat, fish, eggs, dairy, the only b12 contining foods, nutrient specific anorexia intermittent constipation intermittant diarrhea irritable [forums.phoenixrising.me]

  Jet Lag (Time-zone change syndrome) Crossing several time zones disrupts synchronization of biologic clock & external stimuli, causing sleep disturbance, daytime malaise, irritability, performance impairment, GI disturbances, & menstrual irregularities [quizlet.com]

• Somnolence

  FIGURE 14B.7 Wrist actigraph from a 52-year-old psychologist with type I Arnold-Chiari malformation, who presented with sleep difficulties because of repeated awakenings and excessive daytime somnolence for 15 years (see Fig. 12.6 ). [neupsykey.com]

  Les sujets tardifs présentaient aussi une augmentation plus lente de la somnolence subjective en soirée. [hdl.handle.net]

  Such blind free-runners (BFRs) often attempt to maintain a 24-h sleep-wake schedule and consequently suffer from recurrent sleep disruption and daytime somnolence. [doi.org]

• Hyperactivity

  & Collop, N. ( 2001 ) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults and obstructive sleep apnea. Chest, 119, 294 – 296. * Obermeyer, W. H. & Benca, R. M. ( 1996 ) Effects of drugs on sleep. Neurologic Clinics, 14, 827 – 840. Ohayon, M. [doi.org]

  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (sometimes referred to as ADD for those without hyperactivity) is thought to be a neurological disorder, always present from childhood, which manifests itself with symptoms such as hyperactivity, forgetfulness [statemaster.com]

  This results in a chronic sleep deficit, with symptoms that can mimic depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, or just plain fatigue. [circadiansleepdisorders.org]

• Difficulty Concentrating

  According to a study published by the Society for Neuroscience and reported on ScienceDaily, these disruptions may lead to weight gain, difficulties concentrating, and issues with body movement. [sleepconnect.com]

  Symptoms of Circadian Rhythm Disorders may include: Problems falling asleep Daytime sleepiness Headaches Difficulty concentrating Decreased cognitive performance Fatigue Treatment for Circadian Rhythm Disorders Treatment for circadian rhythm disorders [sleepassociation.org]

  Because people cannot sleep when they need to, they may be sleepy during the day and have difficulty concentrating, thinking clearly, and doing their usual activities. [msdmanuals.com]

  If N24 is not detected and addressed, and the person attempts to stay on a 24-hour schedule, the symptoms of chronic sleep deprivation will accumulate, such as excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, depression, difficulty concentrating, and memory problems [rarediseases.org]

Treatment interventions fall into three broad categories: 1) prescribed sleep scheduling, 2) circadian phase shifting ("resetting the clock"), and 3) symptomatic treatment using hypnotic and stimulant medications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Circadian periods before the beginning of treatment are shown (in hours) for each subject. [doi.org]

The Clinical Manual for Evaluation and Treatment of Sleep Disorders is the first clinical text devoted solely to the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders that is both comprehensive and conveniently portable. [books.google.com]

Know its Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis. [pinterest.co.uk]

Prognosis Adaptation to late sleeping times Long-term success rates of treatment have seldom been evaluated. However, experienced clinicians acknowledge that DSPS is extremely difficult to treat. [thefullwiki.org]

Changes in the phase relation between sleep timing and the circadian pacemaker are suspected to have an etiological significance in circadian rhythm sleep disorders. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sleep-wake disorders are now classified into a great number of cate gories according to their clinical features and etiological factors. [books.google.com]

Although functional abnormalities of the circadianpacemaker system have been reported in patients with DSPS, the etiology ofDSPS has not been fully elucidated. [doi.org]

They are organised into groups, and further divided into clinical, etiological or histopathological sub-types. [orpha.net]

B. ( 1989 ) Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention? JAMA, 262, 1479 – 1484. [doi.org]

Definition According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD), the key characteristics of DSPS are: The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) is a primary diagnostic, epidemiological and coding resource for clinicians [statemaster.com]

Citing Literature Number of times cited according to CrossRef: 5 Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal, Ilya Trakht, D Warren Spence, Venkataramanujan Srinivasan, Yaron Dagan and Daniel P Cardinali, The roles of melatonin and light in the pathophysiology and [doi.org]

Overview The author describes the pathophysiology and treatment of this relatively rare but potentially debilitating circadian rhythm sleep disorder. [medlink.com]

Our findings thereforesuggest that evening light restriction is important for preventing patientswith DSPS from developing a sleep phase delay. ( ChronobiologyInternational, 18(2), 263–271, 2001 ) [doi.org]

الصفحة 193 - Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain, such as selfinduced vomiting; misuse of laxatives, diuretics, enemas, or other medications; fasting; or excessive exercise. ‏ [books.google.com]

Is there a way to prevent circadian rhythm disorders? Although it’s not always easy, maintaining a consistent sleep schedule is one of the best ways to prevent a circadian rhythm disorder. [sleepassociation.org]

List item 20/05/2019 Update of EU recommendations for 2019–2020 seasonal flu vaccine composition EMA has issued an update of the EU recommendations for the influenza virus strains that vaccine manufacturers should include in vaccines for the prevention [ema.europa.eu]

In the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 50 to 70 million adults have sleep or wakefulness disorder. These parasomnias are characterized by undesirable physical or verbal behaviors or experiences. [medicaldaily.com]