The present assessment may be a valuable algorithm to validly quantify CC in PD. Parkinson-Kongress 2015 Berlin. To cite this abstract in AMA style: T. Schmidt, G. Ebersbach, G. Doreen. [mdsabstracts.org]

Here, we report an 80-year-old man who presented with an 18-month history of progressive truncal weakness causing stooped posture while standing and walking. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

Here we present 11 patients from 8 families with a late-onset axial myopathy associated with RYR1 variants. [kclpure.kcl.ac.uk]

In this study, the authors present 11 patients from 8 families with a late-onset axial myopathy associated with RYR1 variants. [institut-myologie.org]

No presente relato de caso, descrevemos um paciente do sexo masculino, de 67 anos, com polimiosite há 18 anos, cursando com quadro compatível com camptocormia (estável e sem progressão do quadro clínico). [observatorio.fm.usp.br]

• Disability

  Extreme forward flexion of the spine, named camptocormia (CC), and head drop syndrome (HD) may be among the most disabling symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The scale is based on a metric scale from 0 (no disability) to 147 points (severe disability). [clinicaltrials.gov]

  Mexico City, Mexico b Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico c Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Mexico City, Mexico Camptocormia is a major disabling [elsevier.es]

• Anorexia

  […] abnormalities - see also Anomaly Accommodation Amaurosis (acquired) (congenital) (see also Blindness) 369.00 hysterical 300.11 Amblyopia (acquired) (congenital) (partial) 368.00 hysterical 300.11 Anesthesia, anesthetic 782.0 functional 300.11 hysterical 300.11 Anorexia [icd9data.com]

• Aspiration

  Hosp Med 64(6):374-5, 2003 Boviatsis EJ, Kouyialis AT, Stranjalis G, Korfias S, Sakas DE: CT-guided stereotactic aspiration of brain abscesses. [neurosurgery.org.gr]

• Cough

  […] hysterical 300.11 Compensation neurosis, psychoneurosis 300.11 Contraction, contracture, contracted hysterical 300.11 Conversion hysteria, hysterical, any type 300.11 neurosis, any 300.11 reaction, any 300.11 Convulsions (idiopathic) 780.39 hysterical 300.11 Cough [icd9data.com]

• Torticollis

  300.11 Spasm, spastic, spasticity (see also condition) 781.0 hysterical 300.11 Staggering gait 781.2 hysterical 300.11 Substitution disorder 300.11 Tachypnea 786.06 hysterical 300.11 Tetany, tetanic 781.7 functional (hysterical) 300.11 hysterical 300.11 Torticollis [icd9data.com]

  Furthermore, to cause significant weakness of spinal extension large segments of the paraspinal muscles need to be denervated as sectioning of C1-C6 dorsal branches in patients with spasmodic torticollis 53 does not cause any functional impairment. [jnnp.bmj.com]

• Otalgia

  Acta Neurochir (Suppl.) 97(2): 575-586, 2007 Sakas DE, Panourias IG, Stranjalis G, Stefanatou M, Maratheftis N, Bontozoglou N: Paroxysmal otalgia due to compression of the nervous intermedius: a distinct syndrome of neurovascular conflict is confirmed [neurosurgery.org.gr]

• Ataxia

  About 29-33% of patients with isolated late-onset cerebellar ataxia and 8-10% of patients with parkinsonism will develop MSA. Therefore, a higher prevalence than that estimated can be assumed. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Camptocormia Conversion disorder w mixed symptom presentation Conversion disorder with mixed symptom presentation Conversion reaction, psychogenic Dissociative convulsions Dissociative disorder with mixed symtom presentation Globus hystericus Hysterical ataxia [icd9data.com]

  Arthritis Who Developed Numbness and Pain in the Feet 399 Case 63 A Woman with Granulomatous Lesions in the Lungs and a Peripheral Neuropathy 405 Case 64 A Man with a Neuropathy Weight Loss and Lung Nodules 411 Case 65 A Woman with Difficulty Walking and Ataxia [books.google.de]

  Home, Search, Index, Links, Pathology, Molecules, Syndromes, Muscle, NMJ, Nerve, Spinal, Ataxia, Antibody & Biopsy, Patient Info "Bent Spine" Syndrome 2 Luke 13:11 - And behold, there was a woman who had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bent [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

• Dysautonomia

  Progression of dysautonomia in multiple system atrophy: a prospective study of self-perceived impairment. Eur J Neurol. 2007 Jan. 14(1):66-72. [Medline]. Lahrmann H, Cortelli P, Hilz M. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Cerebellar Ataxia

  cerebellar dysarthria, limb ataxia, or cerebellar oculomotor dysfunction Dysphagia within 5 years of motor onset Atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of putamen, middle cerebellar peduncle, pons, or cerebellum Hypometabolism on 2-[fluorine-18 [emedicine.medscape.com]

The workup for secondary dystonia including slit lamp examination for Kayser-Fleischer ring and serum copper studies did not reveal any abnormality. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was unremarkable. [neurologyindia.com]

(See Workup.) Table 4. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Although DBS has been effective in the treatment of movement disorders and is rapidly being explored for the treatment of other neurologic disorders, the scientific understanding of its mechanism(s) of action remains unclear. [elsevier.es]

Do COMT inhibitors have a future in treatment of Parkinson’s disease? Debate Energetico. [theneurologylounge.com]

Treatment and prognosis [ edit ] Treatment and management [ edit ] Thymatron IV used for electroconvulsive therapy Due to the wide range of causes of camptocormia, there is no one treatment that suits all patients. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis - Camptocormism Not supplied. Treatment - Camptocormism Treatment of secondary forms of BSS is dependent upon the cause. Resources - Camptocormism [checkorphan.org]

Treatment and prognosis [ edit ] Treatment and management [ edit ] Thymatron IV used for electroconvulsive therapy Due to the wide range of causes of camptocormia, there is no one treatment that suits all patients. [en.wikipedia.org]

Associated monoclonal gammopathy carries an unfavorable prognosis [ 4 ]. The idiopathic form of SLONM typically presents after age 40 and evolves subacutely [ 4 ]. Limb-girdle weakness and atrophy are the main symptoms. [em-consulte.com]

Prognosis Patients with MSA have a poor prognosis. The disease progresses rapidly. Median survivals of 6.2-9.5 years from the onset of first symptoms have been reported since the late 20th century. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Associations with microvessel morphometry, proliferation and prognosis. [neurosurgery.org.gr]

Still the only major text on the subject, the completely revised and updated second edition of Parkinson's Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management comes at a time when specialists have made important advances in our understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis [books.google.com]

This study aims to eludicate the etiology of PD-associated CC and HD via a multidisciplinary approach (clinical examination, electromyography, MRI, genetic analysis, muscle morphology) centering on the histology of the paraspinal muscles. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology and curative approach for camptocormia are crucial. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

Sharan AD, Kaye D, Charles Malveaux WM, Riew KD (2012) Dropped head syndrome: etiology and management. J Am AcadOrthopSurg 20: 766-774. [omicsonline.org]

Ataxia, Antibody & Biopsy, Patient Info "Bent Spine" Syndrome 2 Luke 13:11 - And behold, there was a woman who had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bent over and could in no way raise herself up Etiology: Family history positive in up to 50% Epidemiology [neuromuscular.wustl.edu]

Epidemiology The lack of consistent diagnostic criteria could explain small number of epidemiological studies regarding prevalence of PS in PD patients. [dovepress.com]

Epidemiology Among the 16 patients with camptocormia that have been described by Azher & Jankovic 2005, the most frequent etiology is PD. The reported prevalence of camptocormia in PD varies widely. [intechopen.com]

Camptocormia in Parkinson disease: an epidemiological and clinical study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2009; 80: 145–148. Tolosa E., Compta Y. Dystonia in Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurol. 2006; 253(Suppl.): 7–13. [annaly-nevrologii.com]

Camptocormia in Parkinson's disease: definition,epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment modalities. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87 : 75-85. [Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4] [Table I], [Table II] [ijmr.org.in]

Get a quick and memorable overview of anatomy, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation from the precision and beauty of Netter and Netter-style plates that highlight key neuroanatomical and neurologic concepts. [books.google.com]

Pathophysiology The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PS in PD patients have not been fully explained. [dovepress.com]

The pathophysiology of camptocormia is as heterogenous as the causes of underlying diseases are, but recent work has provided some insights into the pathophysiology of PD-associated camptocormia and opened options for treatement. [frontiersin.org]

Katz et al has proposed an important role for mechanical factors in the evolution of head drop. 2 A similar pathophysiology may cause camptocormia in IBM. [jnnp.bmj.com]

PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS The pathophysiological concepts for camptocormia are as heterogenous as the causes of the syndrome. [content.iospress.com]

Prevention - Camptocormism Not supplied. Diagnosis - Camptocormism Diagnosis of axial myopathy is based upon CT/MRI scans demonstrating a lot of fatty infiltration of paravertebral muscles. [checkorphan.org]

As kyphosis can eventually lead to disastrous consequences, a preventive treatment like SpineCor ®, which simultaneously addresses the neurological, muscular and skeletal aspects of the affliction can be of benefit to the patient. [cliniquespinecor.ca]

The treatment includes symptomatic treatment for back pain, treatment of osteoporosis in elderly to prevent osteoporotic vertebral fractures. [boneandspine.com]

Postural orientation and equilibrium: what do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls? Age Ageing. 2006;35(Suppl 2):ii7–ii11. 49. Vitale C, Falco F, Trojano L, et al. [dovepress.com]