He is Executive Advisory Editor of Bone Research (2013-present). [books.google.com]

May rarely present with features of acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. [patient.info]

IH patients present frequently with gross or microscopic hematuria, abdominal pain and a variety of urinary tract complaints (frequency-dysuria syndrome, enuresis, recurrent tract infection), with-noncalculus manifestation more prevalent than stone disease [eurekaselect.com]

Arguments are presented for the concept that the primary abnormality in idiopathic hypercalciuria is neither renal calcium hyperexcretion nor intestinal calcium hyperreabsorption, but a more fundamental disturbance in calcium metabolism of as yet unknown [jci.org]

• Enuresis

  Correlation between sacral ratio and primary enuresis. J Nephropathol. 2012; 1 (3): 183-7[ DOI ][ PubMed ] 6. Zhang J, Lei D, Ma J, Wang M, Shen G, Wang H, et al. [numonthly.com]

  The correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and enuresis in children with nocturnal enuresis. J Isfahan Med Sch 2012;30:1-8. 2. Yousefichaijan P, Firouzifar MR, Cyrus A. Correlation between sacral ratio and primary enuresis. [sjkdt.org]

  IH patients present frequently with gross or microscopic hematuria, abdominal pain and a variety of urinary tract complaints (frequency-dysuria syndrome, enuresis, recurrent tract infection), with-noncalculus manifestation more prevalent than stone disease [eurekaselect.com]

  Prospectively, we determined UNa, UK, UCa, and creatinine (Cr) concentrations in randomly collected urine samples from children on initial evaluation for urinary frequency, dysuria, hematuria, enuresis, or kidney stones to identify children with hypercalciuria [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

  […] therapy Reduction in episodes of renal colic Increase or no reduction in bone mass: dual‐energy X‐ray, absorptiometry over a minimum duration of one year Reduction in urinary symptoms: incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), haematuria, dysuria, or enuresis [cochranelibrary.com]

• Heart Disease

  The World Health Organization [ 5 ] recommends that the population in general should consume less than 5 grams/day of salt that is 2 g of Na +, in order to prevent cardiovascular problems such as arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke [nutritionj.biomedcentral.com]

  History of kidney stones and the risk of coronary heart disease. JAMA 310, 408–415 (2013). 32. Evan, A. P. et al. Comparison of the pathology of interstitial plaque in human ICSF stone patients to NHERF-1 and THP-null mice. Urol. [nature.com]

• Suggestibility

  Similarly, recent clinical and experimental studies have suggested that genetic factors confer a predisposition to the formation of renal calcium stones and bone demineralization. [journals.lww.com]

  The results also suggest that 4-h CR E can not give a careful assessment of the Ca 2+ tubular handling. [clinchem.aaccjnls.org]

  This suggests that a difference exists between renal and intestinal handling of lysine and arginine in cystinuria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Recent studies suggest that a low-calcium diet may not be effective and that intake of animal protein and salt may influence renal calcium excretion. [mdedge.com]

• Stroke

  The World Health Organization [ 5 ] recommends that the population in general should consume less than 5 grams/day of salt that is 2 g of Na +, in order to prevent cardiovascular problems such as arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke [nutritionj.biomedcentral.com]

  Urinary calcium excretion, sodium intake and blood pressure in a multi-ethnic population: results of the Wandsworth Heart and Stroke Study. J. Hum. Hypertens. 15, 229–237 (2001). 100. Taylor, E. N. & Curhan, G. C. [nature.com]

• Polyuria

  These children were checked for polyuria, concentrating defects, and their fluid intake. The renal functions in all patients were checked and if there was any decrease in renal function, they were excluded from the study. [sjkdt.org]

  Hypercalcaemia: polyuria and polydipsia, nausea and vomiting. May cause hypertension. [patient.info]

  The transplant outcome and acute rejectionrates were similar to control subjects.4 To our knowledgethere is only one previous case report from India byRakesh Lodha et al,6 a fourteen year old girl with failureto thrive, polyuria and polydypsia. [japi.org]

  The young man had polyuria and radiological nephrocalcinosis demonstrated by a concentration defect resistant to pitressin (260 mOsm/l), which seemed to contribute to the existing hypokalaemia (2.5-3.2mEq/l), given the secondary hyperaldosteronism. [revistanefrologia.com]

• Nocturnal Enuresis

  Hypercalciuria is related to osmolar excretion in children with nocturnal enuresis. J Urol. 2010; 183 (1): 297-301[ DOI ][ PubMed ] 12. Yousefi P, Firouzifar M, Cyrus A. [numonthly.com]

  Enuresis subtypes based on nocturnal hypercalciuria: A multicenter study. J Urol 2003;170(4 Pt 2): 1670-3. 17. National Clinical Guideline Center. Nocturnal Enuresis: The Management of Bedwetting in Children and Young People. [sjkdt.org]

• Urinary Incontinence

  Many children do not feel the need to urinate, till just before they become urinary incontinent. [sjkdt.org]

• Urinary Retention

  The urethral finding results from inadequate relaxation of the external urinary sphincter. [sjkdt.org]

• Nephrolithiasis

  Abstract The most common presentation of nephrolithiasis is idiopathic calcium stones in patients without systemic disease. [nature.com]

  Randomized clinical trial comparing water therapy plus low-salt diet to water therapy alone in patients affected by idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. [clinicaltrials.gov]

  Pathogenesis of hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 31: 869, 2002. Article CAS Google Scholar Perimenis P, Wemeau JL, Vantyghem MC. Hypercalciuria. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 66: 532, 2005. [link.springer.com]

  Risk factors for nephrolithiasis in patients with familial idiopathic hypercalciuria. [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]

  Cross sectional studies have suggested a causal association between IH and hematuria, nephrolithiasis and more recently, osteopenia. [siicsalud.com]

• Calcium Decreased

  The disease-oriented changes in urine characteristics were predictable: urinary calcium decreased in both groups, but oxalate secretion increased in the low-calcium group, causing greater calcium oxalate saturation. [mdedge.com]

  […] hypercalciuria phosphate leak leads to decreased renal resorption of calcium decreased renal resorption of calcium is primary defect Sensitivity and Specificity Renal hypercalciuria is defined by fasting (ie sample 2) calcium/creatinine ratio > 0.36 [pathology.leedsth.nhs.uk]

  A 13 – 15 Supported by prospective trials and large population studies Potassium citrate (Urocit-K) should be administered to decrease the risk of developing calcium oxalate stones. [aafp.org]

• Hyponatremia

  But failure in some nonmedical methods and/or lack of cooperation of families in using them and in addition, the side effects of desmopressin (such as hyponatremia, headache, gastrodynia, and changes of behavior), oxybutynin and tricyclic compounds (such [sjkdt.org]

If diagnosed promptly and appropriate treatment is provided, then the outlook is good If the individual responds to various treatment measures, the prognosis is generally better, compared to those who do not respond favorably to treatment Additional and [dovemed.com]

Several pharmacological treatments have been described that can decrease the levels of urinary calcium or its index of urinary crystallization. [cochrane.org]

They were randomly allocated to treatment group or control group. The mean age of the patients in the treatment group was 8.02 ± 1.67 years, and in control group was 8.47 ± 1.64 years ( P = 0.20). [sjkdt.org]

A variety of genes participating in the mechanisms of Ca homeostasis, have attracted the interest of researchers in order to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanism of the disease and thus determining the appropriate treatment for any distinct patient. [eurekaselect.com]

[…] the end oí a nine month treatment. [scielo.conicyt.cl]

What is the Prognosis of Idiopathic Hypercalciuria? (Outcomes/Resolutions) The prognosis of Idiopathic Hypercalciuria depends on the severity of the condition. [dovemed.com]

Prognosis The prognosis depends mainly on the aetiology of the nephrocalcinosis. [patient.info]

Language French Keyword (fr) LITHIASE REIN CALCUL CALCIQUE HYPERCALCIURIE IDIOPATHIQUE ETIOLOGIE METABOLISME PATHOLOGIE ELEMENT MINERAL HOMME PATHOLOGIE URINAIRE MALADIES METABOLIQUES Keyword (en) LITHIASIS KIDNEY CALCIUM CALCULUS HYPERCALCIURIA IDIOPATHIC ETIOLOGY [pascal-francis.inist.fr]

Treatment options for hypercalciuria depend on the etiology. B ecause most cases are idiopathic, initial therapy involves aggressive hydration. [johnsarm.net]

Crystallographic analysis of retrieved calculus remnants can help identify the underlying etiology and may obviate a complete metabolic evaluation. [aafp.org]

The etiology of incrusted cystitis with alkaline urine. JAMA, 85 (1925), pp. 1352-1355 [23] J.B. Sumner. Isolation and crystallization of enzyme urease: preliminary paper. J Biol Chem, 69 (1926), pp. 435-441 [24] M. Hammes, J.C. Lieske, S. Pawar, B. [analesdepediatria.org]

/genetics — Kidney Calculi/*epidemiology — Male — Middle Aged — Multivariate Analysis — Odds Ratio — Prevalence — Probability — Prospective Studies — Risk Factors — Sex Distribution — Statistics, Nonparametric Identifiers DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01152 [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]

Iran 2 Department of Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran 3 Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran 4 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology [numonthly.com]

Google Scholar Willett WC: Nutritional epidemiology. Modern epidemiology. Edited by: Rothman KJ, Greenland S. 1998, Philadelphia; Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 623-642. [nutritionj.biomedcentral.com]

Schneider HJ: Epidemiology of urolithiasis; in Schneider HJ (ed): Urolithiasis. Berlin, Springer, 1985, pp 137–184. Article / Publication Details First-Page Preview [karger.com]

Epidemiology Microscopic nephrocalcinosis is a common incidental finding at post-mortem but macroscopic nephrocalcinosis is uncommon. [patient.info]

Furthermore, studies on the pathophysiology of IH distinguish two prominent types of IH: the absorptive, characterized by increased intestinal Ca absorption, and the renal, characterized by decreased tubular Ca reabsorption. [eurekaselect.com]

Click on "pathophysiology" on the main menu to begin. When you finish that section, return to the menu page and click on "osteopenia". Be sure to try all the nephron segments to see the movies! [courses.washington.edu]

Support for the role of bone in the pathophysiology of hypercalciuria has been corroborated. [journals.lww.com]

Brenner/Rector remains the go-to resource for practicing and training nephrologists and internists who wish to master basic science, pathophysiology, and clinical best practices. [books.google.com]

[…] fasting Ca/creatinine ratio < 0.23 < 0.23 > 0.36 > 0.36 urine Ca/creatinine ratio (1g load) > 0.77 > 0.77 > 0.77 > 0.77 24h urine calcium (restricted 400mg diet) > 5 mmol N ie < 5 mmol > 5 mmol > 5 mmol Pathophysiology hyperabsorption of calcium diet-responsive [pathology.leedsth.nhs.uk]

[…] the main cause (or causes) of Idiopathic Hypercalciuria is unknown, the preventative measures are generally relate to leading a healthy lifestyle. [dovemed.com]

The traditionally recommended low-calcium diet does not appear to prevent further renal stones. [mdedge.com]

Objectives: To assess the benefits and harms of pharmacological interventions for preventing complications and decreasing urological symptoms in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria. [cochrane.org]

Generally, the main goal of treatment applied on hypercalciuric children should be to alleviate and finally eliminate the symptoms of the disease, to prevent renal stone formation or recurrence and to permit the acquisition of the optimal bone mass. [eurekaselect.com]

Chronic reversal of idiopathic hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria with thiazide and allopurinol is an effective way to prevent recurrent calcium oxalate stones. [annals.org]