Presentation
OBJECTIVE: Acute idiopathic scrotal edema (AISE) is an important differential diagnosis in children presenting with an acute scrotum. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
A correct diagnosis can obviate surgical intervention and the characteristic ultrasound findings can be particularly helpful given the overlap in clinical presentation with testicular torsion and other conditions. [radiopaedia.org]
The patients mostly ranged in age from 5 to 8 years, presented with acute scrotal redness and swelling, associated or not with mild pain. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]
Imaging Findings An eight-year-old boy presented with a sudden onset of acute right sided scrotal swelling and erythema. He was only slightly tender but walking clearly aggravated the problems. There was no history of trauma. [eurorad.org]
Urogenital
- Edema of the Scrotum
Conclusion Acute idiopathic scrotal edema is a self-limiting condition that accounts for ≥ 10% of cases of acute scrotum in children and adolescents. acute idiopathic scrotal edema acute scrotum imaging studies scrotal redness and swelling Pediatrics, [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]
Two weeks later, in-hospital examination revealed a persistent significant bilateral edema of the scrotum, including the glans penis, with normal testes and cord, and no involvement of other structures [Figure 1] and [Figure 2]. [e-ijd.org]
Workup
Withfurther workup of etiologies being negative, he wasdiagnosed with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Issues [platform.almanhal.com]
The clinical workup constitutes a careful anamnesis including pregnancy history and objective examination combined with ultrasound scan with color Doppler of the scrotum and abdomen. [jcnonweb.com]
Acute testicular torsion in children: the role of sonography in the diagnostic workup. Eur Radiol 2006;16:2527–2532. [Article] [PubMed] 10. Waldert M, Klatte T, Schmidbauer J, Remzi M, Lackner J, Marberger M. [e-ultrasonography.org]
Preoperative workup The detailed history and full physical examination of each patient were assessed. The diagnosis was confirmed by fluctuation and trans-illumination. [scielo.br]
Treatment
The patient received expectant management and treatment with an NSAID to relieve his inflammation. He was discharged from hospital and his symptoms resolved within 72 h of onset of treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Get clear, concise descriptions and evidence-based treatment guidelines for a full range of clinical conditions, ranging from the common to the unusual. [books.google.com]
Treatment consists of conservative therapy, as most resolve by 12-18 months of age. Thereafter, inguinal hydrocele repair is the treatment of choice. [barnardhealth.us]
Treatment and prognosis AISE is a self-limiting condition, which tends to resolve in around 3-5 days. NSAIDs and antibiotics have been used in management. [radiopaedia.org]
Prognosis
Treatment and prognosis AISE is a self-limiting condition, which tends to resolve in around 3-5 days. NSAIDs and antibiotics have been used in management. [radiopaedia.org]
What is the Prognosis of Acute Idiopathic Scrotal Edema? (Outcomes/Resolutions) Acute Idiopathic Scrotal Edema is a condition that resolves spontaneously on its own, within a period of 1-4 days, without treatment. It has an excellent prognosis. [dovemed.com]
Given its rarity, isolated involvement of the genitalia could have a more favorable prognosis. [e-ijd.org]
More than 50% of testicular ruptures occur from a direct blow to the groin during sporting activity. 4 Testicular injuries are surgical emergencies with good prognosis if treated within 72 hours. [appliedradiology.com]
Etiology
A localized allergic phenomenon, perhaps a local form of angioneurotic edema appears to be the most likely etiologic factor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
History, physical examination, and scrotal US will usually determine the underlying etiology and dictate further management. [barnardhealth.us]
The exact etiology of AISE is unclear. It has been hypothesized that it represents a hypersensitivity reaction related to a variant of angioneurotic edema. [radiopaedia.org]
Epidemiology
Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis: a review. Allergy Asthma Proc 2012; 33 (03) 227-234 41 Ting TV. Diagnosis and management of cutaneous vasculitis in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 2014; 61 (02) 321-346 42 Modi S, Mohan M, Jennings A. [thieme-connect.com]
Miller, Anaphylaxis in the United States: an investigation into its epidemiology. Arch Intern Med, 2001. 161(1): p. 15-21. 28. Brady, M.T., Cellulitis of the penis and scrotum due to group B streptococcus. J Urol, 1987. 137(4): p. 736-7. 29. [ispub.com]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Euvolemic Hyponatremia. [anthesis-coaching.fr]
Other classifications (histological, pathophysiological or lymphographic) have proved less useful. [2] In approximately 14% of cases, primary lymphedema is hereditary. [e-ijd.org]
Sandlow, Varicocele: current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Urol Clin North Am, 2002. 29(4): p. 921-37. 10. Dreyer, G., et al., Pathogenesis of lymphatic disease in bancroftian filariasis: a clinical perspective. [ispub.com]
Prevention
Rapidly find the answers you need with separate sections on diseases and disorders, differential diagnosis, clinical algorithms, laboratory results, and clinical preventive services, plus an at-a-glance format that uses cross-references, outlines, bullets [books.google.com]
In neonates with an acute scrotum, AISE should be considered to prevent unnecessary surgical exploration. [koreamed.org]
The suggested strategy is to fixate the contralateral testis (orchiopexy) to prevent later torsion of the healthy testis. [jcnonweb.com]