Symptoma

Incessant Infant Ventricular Tachycardia

The most common clinical presentation is VT with congestive heart failure. [orpha.net]

This report describes 21 patients with incessant ventricular tachycardia present greater than 90% of the day and night; the age at diagnosis ranged from birth to 30 months (mean 10.5 months). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presents a new chapter on recording and interpreting heart rhythms in patients with pacemakers. Includes new material on interpreting ECG findings associated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. [books.google.com]

A previously healthy, 7-month-old male infant weighing 7 kg presented to our institution with a 2-day history of incessant ventricular tachycardia (VT) unresponsive to defibrillation and medication. [ahajournals.org]

  • Regurgitation

    Echocardiography demonstrated a structurally normal heart and mild mitral regurgitation. Percutaneous catheter mapping identified that the VT originated in the posterobasal left ventricle. [ahajournals.org]

    The bedside ECHO showed normal dimensions of heart chambers with the preserved ejection fraction of the left ventricle measuring 60-70%, with normal function of the right ventricle and with only trivial triuspid regurgitation. [signavitae.com]

    This finding was confirmed by the echocardiographic examination which disclosed a dilated and severely hypokinetic left ventricle (end diastolic/end systolic diameters 38/30 mm), ejection fraction was estimated to 25% with moderate valve regurgitation [academic.oup.com]

    Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography showed bi-ventricular dilatation, left ventricle dimensions: end-diastolic 60mm; end-systolic 52.5mm, severe global hypokinesis with mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary arterial pressure 54mmHg [elsevier.es]

  • Left Ventricular Dysfunction

    Results Seven of the nine children had left ventricular dysfunction; six of these also had left ventricular dilatation. [heart.bmj.com]

    Left-ventricular dysfunction associated with wide QRS tachycardia is a quite common presentation, depicting two possible clinical pictures: ventricular tachycardia complicating idiopathic cardiomyopathy and primary tachycardiomyopathy. [academic.oup.com]

    Recovery pattern of left ventricular dysfunction following radiofrequency ablation of incessant supraventricular tachycardia in infants and children. Heart, 79 (1998), pp. 588-592 [7] P. Noë, V. Van Driel, F. Wittkampf, et al. [elsevier.es]

    The patient developed severe pulmonary oedema secondary to left ventricular dysfunction, exaccerbated by the increased afterload caused by the extracorporeal membrane oxygenator. Radiofrequency ablation was undertaken one week after presentation. [europace.oxfordjournals.org]

It is therefore essential to obtain an early 12-lead electrocardiogram in the workup of any patient with new onset heart failure. [hindawi.com]

  • Left Axis Deviation

    The most common electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern (10 of 21) was right bundle branch block with left axis deviation, but other right and left bundle branch block patterns were observed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Cardiac rhythm and conduction at that time were esentially normal, except for some left axis deviation. Subsequently the murmur became associated with a systolic thrill, but the child otherwise seemed in exellent health until her final ilness(23). [conganat.org]

    Anything negative of -30 is left axis deviation, as occurs from left ventricular hypertrophy. Anything positive of 110 is right axis deviation, as occurs from right ventricular hypertrophy. [kumc.edu]

  • Right Bundle Branch Block

    The most common electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern (10 of 21) was right bundle branch block with left axis deviation, but other right and left bundle branch block patterns were observed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Diagnostic methods The electrocardiogram (ECG) usually shows a type of right bundle branch block morphology and a superior axis, predicting a tachycardia origin in the posterior or inferior left ventricle. [orpha.net]

    Figure 2 Twelve-lead electrocardiogram during tachycardia exhibits a right bundle branch block morphology and superior axis. Figure 2 Twelve-lead electrocardiogram during tachycardia exhibits a right bundle branch block morphology and superior axis. [academic.oup.com]

    Sudden onset of supraventricular tachycardia(300-320/min) (11,2,7,26,14,3) at a regular rate of 300(11)-320(2) a minute, sometimes with a right bundle branch block(11,26) or an aberrant intraventricular conduction(3). [conganat.org]

  • Myocardial Fibrosis

    In four, only myocardial fibrosis was found; results of one biopsy were normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    fibrosis.26 TMC is a curable disease and should be suspected in any patient with decreased ventricular function in the setting of incessant tachycardia. [elsevier.es]

Management and treatment Immediate treatment involves control of tachycardia and general support or resuscitation as required. Intravenous lidocaine (1-2 mg/kg) will usually slow or stop the tachycardia leading to rapid symptomatic improvement. [orpha.net]

Transluminal treatment of arteriosclerotic obstruction. Description of a new technique and a preliminary report of its application. ‎ Page 90 - Age-related changes in normal human hearts during the first 10 decades of life. [books.google.com]

Prognosis Tachycardia usually resolves before the age of five years and drug treatment can be withdrawn. Late recurrence is unusual. The documents contained in this web site are presented for information purposes only. [orpha.net]

When PVCs are rare, isolated and monomorphic, they usually do not require extensive evaluation in an otherwise healthy child and have an excellent prognosis. [mayoclinic.org]

Treatment and prognosis Complications include: incarceration the most common complication associated with inguinal hernias, the incidence could be as high as 30% for infants younger than 2 months strangulation with bowel ischemia and perforation intestinal [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis Prognosis is usually very good once treated. [ 16 ] Catheter ablation may be curative. [patient.info]

Etiology The physiopathology of this type of VT is unknown but it has been suggested that microscopic tumors such as myocardial hamartomas, also known as histiocytoid cardiomyopathy (see this term), are responsible. [orpha.net]

Infectious myocarditis is an important consideration in acute cardiomyopathy with viral etiologies, including coxsackie B virus, being the most common offending agents. [hindawi.com]

Ninety-eight patients from 13 centers were found to have either sustained or non-sustained VT of undetermined etiology while 29 patients with long QT syndrome, catecholaminergic VT, or accelerated ventricular rhythm were excluded. [aapgrandrounds.aappublications.org]

Commonly it is an isolated hamartoma (Purkinje cell tumor) although in 50 percent of cases no etiology is identified. Neonatal myocarditis should also be ruled out. The VT rate may be very fast and is often higher than 200 beats per minute. [mayoclinic.org]

Summary Epidemiology The incidence of incessant infant VT is estimated to be 1/333,300 live births in the United Kingdom. Males are more commonly affected than females. [orpha.net]

References:[1][2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Anatomy, Physiology, and Epidemiology of Arrhythmias. ECGs and Other Recording Devices. Other Diagnostic Techniques. The Normal ECG and Variants. Interpretation of the ECG in Tachycardia. Adenosine in the Diagnosis of Tachycardias. [terkko.helsinki.fi]

Print version SUMMARY Non-invasive diagnostic methods along with the clinical epidemiology of supraventricular arrhythmias are vital elements for the differential diagnosis and management of such arrhythmias, however they not always allow us to reach [fac.org.ar]

Anatomy Hesselbach triangle borders References:[3] Pathophysiology Direct inguinal hernia Acquired condition Caused by weakening of the transversalis fascia Medial to the inferior epigastric blood vessels (within Hesselbach triangle) Hernial sac protrudes [amboss.com]

The pathophysiology of septic cardiomyopathy is mediated by cytokines and NO. [signavitae.com]

Likes Statistics Notes Views Total views 7,725 On SlideShare 0 From Embeds 0 Number of Embeds 25 Actions Shares 0 Downloads 751 Comments 3 Likes 36 No notes for slide obeying the “all or none” law.enabling it to function as a single unit Site of origin Pathophysiology [slideshare.net]

Ventricular tachycardia: Pathophysiology and radiofrequency catheter ablation. PACE 1997; 20: 534-551. 7. Kugler JD, Danford DA, Houston K, Felix G. [indianpediatrics.net]

Medication may be used to convert ventricular tachycardia to a normal rhythm, slow down the heart rate or prevent recurrences. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

See Slideshow Is it possible to prevent direct and indirect hernias? In many cases, it is impossible to prevent inguinal hernias as the weakness in the abdominal wall is present since birth. [medicinenet.com]

Prevention You can't prevent the congenital defect that makes you susceptible to an inguinal hernia. You can, however, reduce strain on your abdominal muscles and tissues. For example: Maintain a healthy weight. [mayoclinic.org]

Stay informed about the developments in treatments or prevention techniques available for abnormal heart rate or rhythm. [momjunction.com]