The most common clinical presentation is VT with congestive heart failure. [orpha.net]

This report describes 21 patients with incessant ventricular tachycardia present greater than 90% of the day and night; the age at diagnosis ranged from birth to 30 months (mean 10.5 months). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract We evaluated the presentation, treatment, and outcome of infants who present with ventricular tachycardia in the first year of life. [unboundmedicine.com]

This diagnosis should be considered even when the patient does not present with an arrhythmia since it may not be evident on initial presentation. [hindawi.com]

• Collapse

  Digoxin and verapamil are best avoided as they may worsen the tachycardia and lead to cardiovascular collapse. Prognosis Tachycardia usually resolves before the age of five years and drug treatment can be withdrawn. Late recurrence is unusual. [orpha.net]

  In each case antiarrhythmic drug therapy caused haemodynamic collapse, requiring emergency ECMO support. Drug therapy on ECMO was not successful. [europace.oxfordjournals.org]

  Repeated ECHO after several hours showed a diffusely hypocontractile left ventricle with significantly reduced ejection fraction of around 20% with hemodynamic collapse in terms of refractory hypotension. [signavitae.com]

  Bradyarrhythmias - Symptoms • General: altered consciousness,fatigue,dizziness,syncope • Hemodynamic instability: hypotension, poor end-organ perfusion, respiratory distress/failure, sudden collapse 51. [slideshare.net]

• Tachypnea

  Heart failure(tachypnea, hepatomegaly(12,15,25), peripheral edema)(12). 12. [conganat.org]

  Case Report A 4-week-old male infant was brought to the emergency room for a 3-day history of non bilious, non bloody emesis with feeds as well as fussiness and tachypnea. [hindawi.com]

  Further physical examination may reveal hypotension, tachypnea, change in consciousness, diaphoresis, pallor, increases in jugular venous pressure, and cannon a waves (2). The electrocardiogram is the standard method of diagnosis. [atm.amegroups.com]

  An infant may demonstrate feeding intolerance and tachypnea, while the older child may complain of palpitations, nausea and lightheadedness. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Symptoms range from irritability, tachypnea, poor feeding, and pallor in infants, to complaints of chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue in older children of verbal age. 35 SVT is typically well-tolerated in infants, but may progress [ahcmedia.com]

• Hepatomegaly

  Heart failure(tachypnea, hepatomegaly(12,15,25), peripheral edema)(12). 12. [conganat.org]

  […] oxygen demand as HR increases Indicates healthy interaction between autonomic respi and cardiac control in cns..drugs >>vagal tone 6 boxes 4 boxes Refractoriness of av node……………………………….Resets sa node pacemaker Range of 240-300bpm…..tachypnoea ,ashenchild,hepatomegaly [slideshare.net]

  Neither hepatomegaly nor pretibial edema was observed. Laboratory data including blood cell counts, electrolytes, CRP, CK-MB, troponin T, glucose, ammonia, lactic and pyruvic acid, and thyroid function showed no abnormalities. [bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com]

  Four infants had non-cardiovascular symptoms at the time of presentation: three infants had fever and mild tachypnoea without evidence of feeding intolerance, gallop, or hepatomegaly; one infant had poor feeding and emesis without evidence of associated [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  If no respiratory distress, rales (small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs), or hepatomegaly (enlarged liver); 4 or more boluses may be given. Hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia need to be corrected. [pacificmedicalacls.com]

• Burning Sensation

  They can become symptomatic and the common features of this are as follows: Pain – particularly when coughing or stooping Change in bowel habit Constipation Burning sensation in the groin Scrotal swelling (in males) The majority of inguinal hernias can [geekymedics.com]

• Neglect

  Sometimes, erratic heart rate in children is the result of an underlying heart problem, which you should not neglect. [momjunction.com]

It is therefore essential to obtain an early 12-lead electrocardiogram in the workup of any patient with new onset heart failure. [hindawi.com]

Management and treatment Immediate treatment involves control of tachycardia and general support or resuscitation as required. Intravenous lidocaine (1-2 mg/kg) will usually slow or stop the tachycardia leading to rapid symptomatic improvement. [orpha.net]

It concluded that catheter ablation had a lower cost, mortality and morbidity than drug treatment or surgery and should be the treatment of choice in that situation. [indianpediatrics.net]

Early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment usually can effect 'cure' of this potentially fatal problem in childhood. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When PVCs are rare, isolated and monomorphic, they usually do not require extensive evaluation in an otherwise healthy child and have an excellent prognosis. [mayoclinic.org]

Prognosis Tachycardia usually resolves before the age of five years and drug treatment can be withdrawn. Late recurrence is unusual. The documents contained in this web site are presented for information purposes only. [orpha.net]

Treatment and prognosis Complications include: incarceration the most common complication associated with inguinal hernias, the incidence could be as high as 30% for infants younger than 2 months strangulation with bowel ischemia and perforation intestinal [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis Prognosis is usually very good once treated. [ 16 ] Catheter ablation may be curative. [patient.info]

Infectious myocarditis is an important consideration in acute cardiomyopathy with viral etiologies, including coxsackie B virus, being the most common offending agents. [hindawi.com]

Etiology The physiopathology of this type of VT is unknown but it has been suggested that microscopic tumors such as myocardial hamartomas, also known as histiocytoid cardiomyopathy (see this term), are responsible. [orpha.net]

Ninety-eight patients from 13 centers were found to have either sustained or non-sustained VT of undetermined etiology while 29 patients with long QT syndrome, catecholaminergic VT, or accelerated ventricular rhythm were excluded. [aapgrandrounds.aappublications.org]

Commonly it is an isolated hamartoma (Purkinje cell tumor) although in 50 percent of cases no etiology is identified. Neonatal myocarditis should also be ruled out. The VT rate may be very fast and is often higher than 200 beats per minute. [mayoclinic.org]

References:[1][2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Summary Epidemiology The incidence of incessant infant VT is estimated to be 1/333,300 live births in the United Kingdom. Males are more commonly affected than females. [orpha.net]

Anatomy, Physiology, and Epidemiology of Arrhythmias. ECGs and Other Recording Devices. Other Diagnostic Techniques. The Normal ECG and Variants. Interpretation of the ECG in Tachycardia. Adenosine in the Diagnosis of Tachycardias. [terkko.helsinki.fi]

Print version SUMMARY Non-invasive diagnostic methods along with the clinical epidemiology of supraventricular arrhythmias are vital elements for the differential diagnosis and management of such arrhythmias, however they not always allow us to reach [fac.org.ar]

Anatomy Hesselbach triangle borders References:[3] Pathophysiology Direct inguinal hernia Acquired condition Caused by weakening of the transversalis fascia Medial to the inferior epigastric blood vessels (within Hesselbach triangle) Hernial sac protrudes [amboss.com]

The pathophysiology of septic cardiomyopathy is mediated by cytokines and NO. [signavitae.com]

Patients with AFL require anti-coagulation as in atrial fibrillation according to the CHADSVASc score.[ 22 ][ 23 ] Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Pathophysiology: The pathophysiology of AF is complex and incompletely understood.[ 24 ] In most patients the trigger [textbookofcardiology.org]

Likes Statistics Notes Views Total views 7,725 On SlideShare 0 From Embeds 0 Number of Embeds 25 Actions Shares 0 Downloads 751 Comments 3 Likes 36 No notes for slide obeying the “all or none” law.enabling it to function as a single unit Site of origin Pathophysiology [slideshare.net]

Ventricular tachycardia: Pathophysiology and radiofrequency catheter ablation. PACE 1997; 20: 534-551. 7. Kugler JD, Danford DA, Houston K, Felix G. [indianpediatrics.net]

Medication may be used to convert ventricular tachycardia to a normal rhythm, slow down the heart rate or prevent recurrences. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

See Slideshow Is it possible to prevent direct and indirect hernias? In many cases, it is impossible to prevent inguinal hernias as the weakness in the abdominal wall is present since birth. [medicinenet.com]

Prevention You can't prevent the congenital defect that makes you susceptible to an inguinal hernia. You can, however, reduce strain on your abdominal muscles and tissues. For example: Maintain a healthy weight. [mayoclinic.org]

Stay informed about the developments in treatments or prevention techniques available for abnormal heart rate or rhythm. [momjunction.com]