Presentation
[…] of clinical and radiographic presentations. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]
Rather than approach the subject according to haematologic disease, we have chosen to present these complications based on their clinical presentation in respiratory medicine (Table 3). [em-consulte.com]
HRCT proved to be helpful to correctly identify BO cases, whereas histology was always needed to better define DLD presenting with an interstitial and/or alveolar pattern. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Increased shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or wheezing Coughing up increased amounts of mucus Yellow- or green-colored mucus (may or may not be present) Fever (temperature over 101°F) or chills (may or may not be present) Increased fatigue or [my.clevelandclinic.org]
Abstract An 81-year-old woman who presented with middle lobe bronchiectasis and Mycobacterium avium complex infection is described. She had a history of habitual suppression of cough, as in Lady Windermere syndrome. [academic.oup.com]
Entire Body System
- Inflammation
This application claims use of suppressive oligonucleotides to suppress lung inflammation. [fda.gov]
Many are the result of inflammation in the lung as a result of an infection or disease producing inflammation in the body. The nodule may represent an active process or be the result of scar tissue formation related to prior inflammation. [my.clevelandclinic.org]
Scarring or inflammation of the tissue makes the lungs unable to expand fully (restrictive lung disease). This makes it hard for the lungs to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. [nlm.nih.gov]
Cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation is attenuated in CD69-deficient mice. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2011; 31(6): 434-9. [chiba-saiseikai.com]
- Fever
When to see a doctor Seek immediate medical attention if your child — or anyone at risk of severe RSV infection — has difficulty breathing, a high fever, or a blue color to the skin, particularly on the lips and in the nail beds. [mayoclinic.org]
People with influenza commonly have acute onset of fever, myalgia, headache, and cough. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]
Symptoms Fevers for more than a week Cough for more than three weeks Swollen lymph nodes (glands) in your neck Coughing up blood Feeling like your symptoms return every time you stop antibiotics Types of Chronic Pulmonary Infections Tuberculosis Spread [lungcenter.osu.edu]
- Sepsis
ARDS is commonly precipitated by trauma, sepsis (systemic infection), diffuse pneumonia, and shock. It also may be associated with extensive surgery, and certain blood abnormalities. [fda.gov]
Endemic mycoses may also cause symptoms by haematogenous dissemination to skin, brain/meninges, bone and joints and full-blown sepsis. [patient.info]
Respiratoric
- Pneumonia
Over a 15-month period, the progression of morphologic changes from cellular interstitial pneumonia to bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia and cicatricial bronchiolitis obliterans was documented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatable with angifungal agents, it can cause pneumonia and skin sores that look like boils. It’s often diagnosed by blood tests or an examination of the sores on the skin. [lungcenter.osu.edu]
Both pneumonia and influenza pose special risks for those with other lung conditions, the very young and the very old, and those who have certain other medical disorders. [nyp.org]
- Sputum
The mucous builds up and causes stagnated sputum that invites infections. [maclungdisease.org]
Pneumonia always causes a cough, which often produces sputum. Red-brown, green, or yellow sputum may be a sign of bacterial infection. Thin, whitish sputum is a possible indicator of mycoplasma or viral pneumonia. [chealth.canoe.ca]
Cough may be nonproductive or productive of clear phlegm/sputum, purulent sputum, blood-streaked sputum, or even frank hemoptysis. Dyspnea may be mild or severe and present at rest. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]
- Common Cold
Causes of Common Viral Respiratory Syndromes Syndrome Common Causes Less Common Causes Bronchiolitis RSV Influenza viruses Parainfluenza viruses Adenoviruses Rhinoviruses Common cold Rhinoviruses Coronaviruses Influenza viruses Parainfluenza viruses Enteroviruses [msdmanuals.com]
Upper respiratory tract infection [ edit ] The most common upper respiratory tract infection is the common cold. [en.wikipedia.org]
It's so common that most children have been infected with the virus by age 2. Respiratory syncytial (sin-SISH-ul) virus can also infect adults. In adults and older, healthy children, RSV symptoms are mild and typically mimic the common cold. [mayoclinic.org]
- Hemoptysis
Indications for surgery included recurrent active infection, hemoptysis, or antibiotic intolerance associated with focal bronchiectasis (86%), cavitary disease (7%), or both (7%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Complications of surgery include bronchopleural fistulas, hemoptysis and empyema 2. [radiopaedia.org]
[…] pulmonary disease any abnormal condition of the respiratory system, characterized by cough, chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum production, stridor, or adventitious sounds. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
The most common symptoms include a persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and occasionally shortness of breath (dyspnea) and coughing up of blood (hemoptysis). [rarediseases.org]
- Rales
肺症 pneumonia肺炎 productive cough 湿性せき、痰を伴うせき psittacosisおうむ病 pulmonary 肺の pulmonary adventitious sound[s]ラ音 pulmonary carcinoma肺癌 pulmonary function test肺機能検査 pulmonary hilum肺門 pulmonary marking[s]肺紋理 pulse oximetryパルスオキシメトリー purulent膿性 r radiation放射線 rale [tokyo-med.ac.jp]
The clinical examinations and investigations did not provide differentiation: bilateral crepitant rales, interstitial syndrome on the radiographs, which in one case, was suspicious of cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, and hypoxaemia confirmed by blood gas [em-consulte.com]
For example, the finding of rales in association with a cardiac S3 gallop and elevated jugular venous pressure suggests a cardiac etiology for the respiratory symptoms. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]
Gastrointestinal
- Vomiting
Pneumonia can also be caused by inhaling irritants such as vomit, liquids, or chemicals. With pneumonia, the air sacs in the lungs fill with liquid or pus, which interferes with the lungs' ability to transfer oxygen to the blood. [chealth.canoe.ca]
Physician follow up visits consist of questions about the potential development of side effects such as blurry vision (caused by ethambutol), nausea and vomiting, or diarrhea (Biaxin or Zithromax), or fever and chills (rifabutin). [maclungdisease.org]
- Nausea
Physician follow up visits consist of questions about the potential development of side effects such as blurry vision (caused by ethambutol), nausea and vomiting, or diarrhea (Biaxin or Zithromax), or fever and chills (rifabutin). [maclungdisease.org]
Musculoskeletal
- Osteoporosis
If the air pocket bursts during a coughing fit, the lung will deflate heart problems – the heart has to work extremely hard to pump blood through the damaged lungs osteoporosis – where bones become thin and break more easily. [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]
A less common side effect is a rise in blood-sugar levels, osteoporosis, high blood pressure, cataracts, and increased susceptibility to infection. [noairtogo.tripod.com]
Workup
Primary Infection A thorough immunologic workup and early start with antiviral therapy in any patient with a life- threatening course of HHV-6 lung infection is mandatory because a severe HHV-6 infection can be the first indication of primary immunodeficiency [hhv-6foundation.org]
(See Workup.) In general, MAC infection is treated with 2 or 3 antimicrobials for at least 12 months. Commonly used first-line drugs include macrolides (clarithromycin or azithromycin), ethambutol, and rifamycins (rifampin, rifabutin). [emedicine.medscape.com]
Microbiology
- Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Bacterial pneumonia is most often caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of pneumonia in infants and young children. [chealth.canoe.ca]
The most common bacteria associated with AECB are: Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae ( 3, 6, 38 ); Atypical pathogens such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae can also [antimicrobe.org]
Lower respiratory tract infection [ edit ] The most common lower respiratory tract infection is pneumonia, an infection of the lungs which is usually caused by bacteria, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae in Western countries. [en.wikipedia.org]
Treatment
While most people with TB can be cured, often the treatment regimen lasts six months to one year. New medications are now making the treatment of TB easier. [nyp.org]
CONCLUSIONS: DLDs represent a group of entities heterogeneous in regard to variables such as onset and clinical behaviour (acute, subacute or chronic), predominant pattern of lung involvement (airway or parenchymal), response to treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
It handles the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases which includes Lung Cancer Treatment, Lymphoma, Lung Inflammation and Treatment, Lung Parenchyma, Lung Radiation Therapy, Lung Fibrosis, COPD Treatment, Lung Infection and Treatment, etc [omicsonline.org]
Featured 6,690 Community 50 Strategies to Improve Treatment of Advanced Brain Cancers CAR T cells engineered viruses, vaccines and immunotherapy are being developed for the treatment of primary brain cancer MedMaven 3 hrs Treatment of Marginal Zone Lymphomas [news.cancerconnect.com]
Prognosis
The predominant airway involvement as well as the acute-onset of a respiratory illness with histological evidence of diffuse alveolar damage were associated with a worse prognosis because of a poor response to the immunosuppressive treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis depends on the form of the disease. In the upper lobe cavitary form, lung destruction is usually progressive and can lead to respiratory failure and death if successful treatment is not instituted. [radiopaedia.org]
The prognosis of MDS is variable considering the heterogeneous nature of these entities, with life expectancy varying from a few weeks to a few years. [em-consulte.com]
Etiology
Abstract Many chronic pulmonary diseases, including those that are not primarily infectious in etiology, have some aspects of their pathogenesis that are influenced by infectious organisms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Occasionally, abnormal findings on the lung examination are the result of a nonpulmonary etiology. [hivinsite.ucsf.edu]
Sethi Infectious etiology of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Chest, 117 (2000), pp. 380S-385S [6.] M.I. Morosini, R. Zalacain, J. [archbronconeumol.org]
DIAGNOSIS Identifying a specific etiologic agent, especially in the absence of pneumonia or serious disease, is not always clinically necessary. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]
Epidemiology
Typically, clinical evaluation and local epidemiology Sometimes diagnostic testing Viral respiratory infections are typically diagnosed clinically based on symptoms and local epidemiology. [merckmanuals.com]
Research Team Alison Morris, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine and Immunology conducts translational research in HIV-associated pulmonary disease with a focus on epidemiology and causes of HIV-associated COPD. [dom.pitt.edu]
Molecular epidemiology. The epidemiological relatedness of the strains was studied by PFGE [ 15 ]. Bacterial DNA embedded in agarose plugs, prepared as described elsewhere [ 7 ], was digested with use of the restriction enzyme Spe I. [cid.oxfordjournals.org]
Theme members come together to address this question from a diversity of perspectives, encompassing fundamental molecular and cellular investigations, through to clinical, epidemiological approaches. [www2.le.ac.uk]
Tesini, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Associate Hospital Epidemiology, Strong Memorial Hospital and Golisano Children's Hospital, University [msdmanuals.com]
Pathophysiology
The epidemiological and pathophysiological characteristics of the bacteria that produce these infections are very similar to those already found in patients with CF. [cid.oxfordjournals.org]
Pathophysiology of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 245-251. Sanjay Seth. New Developments in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [medigraphic.com]
A clear causation has not been established, however, and the pathophysiology remains largely unexplored. [5] MAI also causes cutaneous disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Interstitial Lung Disease: Pathophysiology and Genetic Predisposition. Medscape General Medicine 2(1), 2000 [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/408750 through http://www.medscape.com. [labtestsonline.org]
Prevention
Daily preventive treatment can prevent symptoms and attacks and enable individuals who have asthma to lead active lives. COPD is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. [healthypeople.gov]
Therefore, it is important to watch for signs of infection and follow these tips to help prevent infections. You will probably not be able to avoid infections entirely, but these tips will help you prevent infections as much as possible. [my.clevelandclinic.org]
Although this may not ease your own symptoms, it will prevent you from spreading infectious diseases. Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes and mouth, to prevent introducing germs into your system. [healthline.com]
Your immune system can usually prevent bacteria that enter the lungs from causing problems, but the lung tissue can still become irritated and inflamed. [colgate.com]