The purpose of the work was to permit leading investigators in the field to present a critical review with sufficient documentation to support their interpretations and conclusions. [books.google.com]

Presentation The presentation will depend on the age of the individual, the metal absorbed and whether this was the result of acute exposure - eg, vapour inhalation - or exposure over a more prolonged period of time. [patient.info]

In developing its educational products ATSDR has made a diligent effort to ensure the accuracy and the currency of the presented information. [atsdr.cdc.gov]

• Fever

  Metal Fume Fever/Polymer Fume Fever Environmental Sources of Exposure First described in the early 19th century, metal fume fever, also known as brazier’s disease or “Monday morning fever,” is a disorder characterized by fever, chills, body aches, and [clinicaladvisor.com]

  "Metal Fume Fever." A carcinogen. Other chronic effects include damage to the respiratory tract. Cadmium Oxides Stainless steel containing cadmium or plated materials, zinc alloy. [ccohs.ca]

  MFF, or "brass founder’s ague," "zinc shakes," or "Monday morning fever" as it is variously known, is characterized by fever, headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and a metallic taste occurring within 3-10 hours after exposure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Inhaling this fume can cause flu-like symptoms known as “metal fume fever.” The exposed worker may experience a high temperature, cough, sweating, chills, nausea, dry throat and fatigue. [lhsfna.org]

  Acute intoxication : 1-Metal fume fever: Inhalation of cadmium oxide fumes, produced when cadmium metal and cadmium compounds are heated to high temperature, causes flu-like symptoms better known as « metal fume fever », a benign condition. [digitalfire.com]

• Fatigue

  Could cadmium be responsible for some of the neurological signs and symptoms of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Med Hypotheses. 2012 Sep;79(3):403-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.06.007. Epub 2012 Jul 12. [globalhealingcenter.com]

  The exposed worker may experience a high temperature, cough, sweating, chills, nausea, dry throat and fatigue. Cadmium can be found in zinc and is often used to protect steel from rusting. [lhsfna.org]

  Early signs of poisoning are stomachache, loss of appetite, fatigue and sleeplessness. If the exposure continues, the lead starts to accumulate because of the very slow excretion. [ilo.org]

  Short-term Effects Among the short-term effects is metal fume fever, symptoms of which occur four to 12 hours after exposure and include chills, thirst, fever, muscle ache, chest soreness, coughing, wheezing, fatigue, nausea, and a metallic taste. [thefabricator.com]

  MFF, or "brass founder’s ague," "zinc shakes," or "Monday morning fever" as it is variously known, is characterized by fever, headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and a metallic taste occurring within 3-10 hours after exposure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Weight Loss

  Chronic inhalation exposure to low doses of cadmium can cause poisoning symptoms of: coughing proteinuria weight loss difficulty breathing sense of smell loss Chronic cadmium exposure can also cause an increased risk for these health conditions: anemia [healthblurbs.com]

  Exposure to cadmium for a few minutes can lead to difficulty in breathing, loss of sense of smell, drastic weight loss, severe lung and liver damage, kidney stones, bone fractures, osteomalacia, pulmonary edema, and various kidney diseases. [buzzle.com]

• Malaise

  Cough, dyspnea, fever, and malaise are noted, and the CXR or CT scan typically shows diffuse, patchy, ground-glass opacifications. The pulmonary function test pattern is restrictive. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  - Inhalation can cause respiratory toxicity after a latency period of several hours, including a mild, self-limited illness of fever, cough, malaise, headaches and abdominal pain, similar to metal fume fever. - At higher doses, chemical pneumonitis [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Metal Worker

  A number of metals, including copper, magnesium, nickel, silver, zinc, beryllium, and cadmium, have been implicated. Although the disorder has been reported in a variety of metal workers, welders appear to be at highest risk. [clinicaladvisor.com]

• Cough

  Cough and dyspnea may also be observed. Symptoms resolve over the course of two days. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Chronic inhalation exposure to low doses of cadmium can cause poisoning symptoms of: coughing proteinuria weight loss difficulty breathing sense of smell loss Chronic cadmium exposure can also cause an increased risk for these health conditions: anemia [healthblurbs.com]

  Most Important Symptoms/Effects, Acute and Delayed : May cause respiratory irritation, coughing, headache. See section 11 for more information. [espimetals.com]

  The symptoms of exposure, dizziness, chills, and cough usually take five or six hours to appear. Arc welding should never be performed within 200 ft. of degreasing equipment or solvents. [thefabricator.com]

  Short term health effects are of inhaling welding smoke are: Irritation of the eyes, nose, and chest Coughing Shortness of breath Bronchitis Fluid in the lungs (Edema) Inflammation of the lungs (Pneumonitis) Loss of appetite Cramps Nausea / Vomiting Long [kemperamerica.com]

• Dyspnea

  Cough and dyspnea may also be observed. Symptoms resolve over the course of two days. [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Later on you may experience some of these toxic cadmium inhalation symptoms: dyspnea sweating shivering coughing arthralgia wheezing dry throat headache chest pain pneumonitis muscle weakness Inhalation of cadmium fumes can cause severe lung inflammation [healthblurbs.com]

  MFF, or "brass founder’s ague," "zinc shakes," or "Monday morning fever" as it is variously known, is characterized by fever, headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and a metallic taste occurring within 3-10 hours after exposure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Signs and Symptoms of Acute Cadmium Oxide Exposure: The following signs and symptoms may be noted following exposure to cadmium oxide: cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), dry mouth or increased salivation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bronchitis [cameochemicals.noaa.gov]

• Anosmia

  […] multiple risk factors such as multiparity and poor nutrition. 4-Miscellaneous: Other consequences of cadmium exposure are: anemia, yellow discoloration of the teeth, rhinitis, occasional ulceration of the nasal septum, damage to the olfactory nerve, and anosmia [digitalfire.com]

  Similar to zinc, long term exposure to cadmium fumes can cause life long anosmia. Inside cells, cadmium ions act as a catalytic hydrogen peroxide generator. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Other patients lose their sense of smell (anosmia). Pathogenesis: In the 1950s and 1960s industrial exposure to cadmium was high. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Gastrointestinal upset (abdominal pain, gingivitis and stomatitis, nausea, vomiting). Renal problems include acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome and acute tubular necrosis. [patient.info]

  Ingested cadmium poisoning causes symptoms of: shock vertigo choking salivation dyspepsia convulsions abdominal pain muscle cramps nausea, vomiting loss of consciousness Breathing high levels of cadmium can severely irritate and damage your lungs. [healthblurbs.com]

  Consumption of cadmium can cause shock, loss of consciousness, salivation, abdominal pain, choking, vertigo, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, and convulsions. [buzzle.com]

  […] neuropathy, coma, autonomic instability, MODS Late: Alopecia, Mees lines, residual neurologic symptoms Alopecia, neuropathy Toxic: >3 µg/L (blood) MDAC Prussian blue Zinc MFF (oxide fumes); vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain (ingestion) Copper deficiency [emedicine.medscape.com]

  pain, similar to metal fume fever. - At higher doses, chemical pneumonitis may occur, with labored breathing, chest pain, and a sometimes fatal hemorrhagic pulmonary edema. - Ingested cadmium causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and tenesmus [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Metallic Taste

  When its initially inhaled you may notice a sweet or metallic taste, and then throat irritation. [healthblurbs.com]

  MFF, or "brass founder’s ague," "zinc shakes," or "Monday morning fever" as it is variously known, is characterized by fever, headache, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, and a metallic taste occurring within 3-10 hours after exposure. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Symptoms include a metallic taste in the mouth, loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal cramps and insomnia. The release of carbon monoxide is also associated with welding and cutting. [lhsfna.org]

  It presents with: Metallic taste and increased salivation. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Impaired sensation. Difficulty breathing, cough, chest pain. Complications include pneumonitis and pulmonary oedema. [patient.info]

  Short-term Effects Among the short-term effects is metal fume fever, symptoms of which occur four to 12 hours after exposure and include chills, thirst, fever, muscle ache, chest soreness, coughing, wheezing, fatigue, nausea, and a metallic taste. [thefabricator.com]

• Chest Pain

  Later on you may experience some of these toxic cadmium inhalation symptoms: dyspnea sweating shivering coughing arthralgia wheezing dry throat headache chest pain pneumonitis muscle weakness Inhalation of cadmium fumes can cause severe lung inflammation [healthblurbs.com]

  Irritation of respiratory system, sore and dry throat, chest pain and breathing difficulty. Chronic effects include kidney damage and emphysema. Suspected carcinogen. Chromium Most stainless-steel and high-alloy materials, welding rods. [ccohs.ca]

  Difficulty breathing, cough, chest pain. Complications include pneumonitis and pulmonary oedema. Chronic exposure may cause anaemia, emphysema or renal failure and cadmium may be a risk factor in the development of prostate or lung cancer. [patient.info]

  similar to metal fume fever. - At higher doses, chemical pneumonitis may occur, with labored breathing, chest pain, and a sometimes fatal hemorrhagic pulmonary edema. - Ingested cadmium causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and tenesmus. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

  and chest pain. [cameochemicals.noaa.gov]

• Hypertension

  This toxic metal is known to cause cancer, hypertension and enzyme activity decrease as well. [healthblurbs.com]

  Cadmium exposure is a risk factor associated with early atherosclerosis and hypertension, which can both lead to cardiovascular disease. * Disclaimer : The information presented in CigaretteKills.com website is for informational purposes only. [cigarettekills.com]

  Some epidemiological studies have suggested a link between drinking hard water and some degree of protection from hypertension. [corrosion-doctors.org]

  The study of health effects of cadmium with respect to the cardiovascular system and calcium metabolism disproved the hypothesis that exposure to cadmium would lead to an increase in blood pressure and in the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Heart Disease

  Lung Cancer Cancer of the Larynx Cancer of the Urinary Tract Parkinson’s Disease Skin Diseases Hearing Loss Gastritis, ulcers of the stomach Kidney damage Infertility Heart disease Individual toxic fumes that cause certain health problems: Chromium – [kemperamerica.com]

  Other health problems that appear to be related to welding include heart disease; skin diseases; hearing loss; chronic gastritis (stomach inflammation); gastroduodenitis (stomach and small intestine inflammation); and stomach and small intestine ulcers [thefabricator.com]

• Skin Disease

  Lung Cancer Cancer of the Larynx Cancer of the Urinary Tract Parkinson’s Disease Skin Diseases Hearing Loss Gastritis, ulcers of the stomach Kidney damage Infertility Heart disease Individual toxic fumes that cause certain health problems: Chromium – [kemperamerica.com]

  Other health problems that appear to be related to welding include heart disease; skin diseases; hearing loss; chronic gastritis (stomach inflammation); gastroduodenitis (stomach and small intestine inflammation); and stomach and small intestine ulcers [thefabricator.com]

• Muscle Weakness

  Later on you may experience some of these toxic cadmium inhalation symptoms: dyspnea sweating shivering coughing arthralgia wheezing dry throat headache chest pain pneumonitis muscle weakness Inhalation of cadmium fumes can cause severe lung inflammation [healthblurbs.com]

  Inhalation of cadmium fumes can severely damage the lungs and cause muscle weakness, shooting pain in the chest, dry throat, coughing, excessive sweating, shivering, pneumonitis, frequent headaches, and wheezing. [buzzle.com]

  The proximal renal tubular dysfunction creates low phosphate levels in the blood ( hypophosphatemia ), causing muscle weakness and sometimes coma. [en.wikipedia.org]

  The proximal renal tubular dysfunction creates low phosphate levels in the blood (hypophosphatemia), causing muscle weakness and sometimes coma. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Headache

  Very low concentrations (e.g., one part per million) cause headaches and dryness of the eyes. Chronic effects include significant changes in lung function. [ccohs.ca]

  Later on you may experience some of these toxic cadmium inhalation symptoms: dyspnea sweating shivering coughing arthralgia wheezing dry throat headache chest pain pneumonitis muscle weakness Inhalation of cadmium fumes can cause severe lung inflammation [healthblurbs.com]

  There may be headache, chills, diarrhea, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, irritability, and restlessness. [espimetals.com]

  Inhalation of cadmium fumes can severely damage the lungs and cause muscle weakness, shooting pain in the chest, dry throat, coughing, excessive sweating, shivering, pneumonitis, frequent headaches, and wheezing. [buzzle.com]

  Symptoms of inflammation may start hours after the exposure and include cough, dryness and irritation of the nose and throat, headache, dizziness, weakness, fever, chills, and chest pain. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

• Dizziness

  Dizziness, mental confusion, asphyxiation and death. Ozone Formed in the welding arc, especially during plasma-arc, MIG and TIG processes. Acute effects include fluid in the lungs and hemorrhaging. [ccohs.ca]

  Secondary symptoms include depression; sleep disturbances; dizziness; stooped posture; constipation; dementia; and problems with speech, breathing, swallowing, and sexual function. [thefabricator.com]

  Mild exposure to this gas can cause headaches, dizziness, ringing in the ears and nausea. High levels of carbon monoxide inhalation can rob a worker’s body of oxygen. [lhsfna.org]

  Vertigo (dizziness), fever, and profuse sweating are common. Victims may collapse. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to cadmium oxide may require decontamination and life support for the victims. [cameochemicals.noaa.gov]

  Symptoms of inflammation may start hours after the exposure and include cough, dryness and irritation of the nose and throat, headache, dizziness, weakness, fever, chills, and chest pain. [en.wikipedia.org]

No chelating agent can be proposed for the treatment of the chronic intoxication. [digitalfire.com]

No effective treatment for cadmium toxicity exists. For the general public, the primary source of exposure to cadmium is dietary. Smoking tobacco adds an additional burden of cadmium. [atsdr.cdc.gov]

Treatment Options Currently, there are no treatments available for cadmium poisoning. Only the symptoms can be contained. The steps mentioned below will help you treat symptoms of cadmium poisoning. [buzzle.com]

Prognosis: The prognosis depends on the nature and severity of the cadmium load. Most cases of mild exposure resolve spontaneously after a few days. In other cases, cadmium can lead to permanent damage with shortened lifespan, or even death. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

What is the prognosis for patients managed in the recommended ways? See section on Classification. What other considerations exist for patients with toxic inhalational lung injury? Not applicable. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Seite 441 - Becklake MR: Asbestos-related diseases of the lung and other organs: Their epidemiology and implications for clinical practice. ‎ Seite 279 - Intravascular activation of complement and acute lung injury. [books.google.de]

الصفحة 69 - Epidemiology is defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems. ‏ [books.google.com]

Epidemiology Heavy metal poisoning is rare in the UK, even in industries where there is an increased risk. [ 1 ] The most common cause of heavy metal poisoning is lead. [patient.info]

Most of the available epidemiological information on cadmium has been obtained from occupationally exposed workers or on Japanese populations in highly contaminated areas. [cadmium.org]

Some epidemiological studies have suggested a link between drinking hard water and some degree of protection from hypertension. [corrosion-doctors.org]

Pathophysiology: The pathophysiology of the heavy metal toxidromes remains relatively constant. For the most part, heavy metals bind to oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfhydryl groups in proteins, resulting in alterations of enzymatic activity. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is authorized by IACET to offer .15 IACET CEU's for this program. [atsdr.cdc.gov]

Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014. Available online. Last accessed December 16, 2014. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. Cadmium Dust, NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. [cancer.gov]

Duties for preventive action have been defined for both workers and for employers. [ilo.org]